The Northern Ireland Civil Service (NICS; Irish: Státseirbhís Thuaisceart Éireann;[1]Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann Cïvil Sarvice)[2] is the permanent bureaucracy of employees that supports the Northern Ireland Executive, the devolved government of Northern Ireland.
Following the Sunningdale Agreement, a power-sharing Northern Ireland Executive briefly held office between 1 January 1974 and 28 May 1974. The following departments were accountable to the Executive:
Between May 1974 and December 1999, departments were led politically by junior ministers in the Northern Ireland Office. UK Governments alternated between the Conservative and Labour parties, neither of which included Members of Parliament from Northern Ireland. The Northern Ireland Civil Service, uniquely in the British Isles and Western Europe, was not accountable to locally elected political representatives during this time.
From 1982 to 1999, there were six departments:[5][6]
Department of Agriculture
Department of Economic Development
Department of Education
Department of the Environment
Department of Finance and Personnel
Department of Health and Social Services
1999-2016
The Good Friday Agreement (April 1998) led to the formation of the Northern Ireland Executive (accountable to the Northern Ireland Assembly) on 2 December 1999, which ended 25 years of direct rule. The Executive was suspended several times due to political disputes (notably from October 2002 to May 2007) and each suspension resulted in the return of direct rule. Devolution was restored on 8 May 2007 and was partially interrupted in late 2015, due to the resignation of Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) ministers due to alleged Provisional IRA activity.[7]
Devolution resulted in an increase in the number of Civil Service departments, accountable to a cross-community Executive of 11 ministers. The Executive initially had 10 departments, which were often described by the Northern Ireland Civil Service and the media through abbreviations (see brackets below):[8]
The number of departments increased to 11 (and ministers to 12) when the Department of Justice (abbreviated to DoJ) was created on 12 April 2010. The Northern Ireland Office continued in operation, representing the interests of the United Kingdom Government in Northern Ireland.
2016 onwards
Following the Fresh Start Agreement (November 2015),[9] the parties of Northern Ireland agreed that the number of Executive departments should be reduced. This took effect following the next election to the Northern Ireland Assembly in 2016 and reduced the number of Civil Service departments (as three departments were dissolved and its roles amalgamated with other departments). The departments (with official abbreviations) are as follows:
The Northern Ireland Executive ceased to operate in January 2017, following the resignation of Martin McGuinness (Sinn Féin) as deputy First Minister during a dispute between the DUP and Sinn Féin over the Renewable Heat Incentive scandal.[10] An early election to the Northern Ireland Assembly took place in March 2017 but the Northern Ireland Executive was not formed afterwards due to continued disputes between the DUP and Sinn Féin.
Each department is currently led by a Permanent Secretary, or the Head of the Civil Service in the case of the Executive Office. The Permanent Secretaries Group meets monthly and effectively the highest level of government in Northern Ireland in the absence of the Executive.[11] The interim Head of the Northern Ireland Civil Service has been has been vacant since August 2020, but Jenny Pyper has been temporary appointed as interim Head of the Northern Ireland Civil Service for the term of eight months from 1 December 2020 pending the appointment of a permanent interim Head of the Northern Ireland Civil Service. Jayne Brady is now the Head of the Civil Service in Northern Ireland.
Composition
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2011)
As of June 2011, the Northern Ireland Civil Service employed 25,847 staff (out of a total public sector employment of 218,577). The breakdown by department was as follows:[12]
Department
Employment
Office of the First and Deputy First Minister
384
Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs
3,040
Department for Culture, Arts and Leisure
274
Department of Education
613
Department for Employment and Learning
2,109
Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment
583
Department of the Environment
2,683
Department of Finance and Personnel
3,589
Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety
The Civil Service Commissioners for Northern Ireland[14] are not civil servants and are independent of the Executive. The Commissioners are responsible for ensuring that appointments to the Northern Ireland Civil Service are made on merit on the basis of fair and open competition; they also have a role in hearing appeals made by existing civil servants under the Northern Ireland Civil Service's Code of Ethics.
Under the Code of Ethics,[15] each civil servant is expected to carry out his or her role with dedication and a commitment to the Civil Service and its core values: integrity, honesty, objectivity and impartiality, defined as follows.
Integrity - putting the obligations of public service above your own personal interests
Honesty - being truthful and open
Objectivity - basing your advice and decisions on rigorous analysis of the evidence
Impartiality - acting solely according to the merits of the case and serving equally well ministers of different political persuasions
The code also outlines the standards of behaviour expected in carrying out the role in accordance with each of those values.
Organisation
There are three staff groups within the Northern Ireland Civil Service: Senior Civil Service, Non Industrial, and Industrial. The Senior Civil Service has four grades:
Grade 5 – normally the head of a division (possibly managing several different branches)
Grade 3 – head of a directorate or executive agency
Permanent Secretary – head of the department or Government Legal Services
Head of Service – Head of the Northern Ireland Civil Service
The Non Industrial staff group is split into the following eight grades:
Administrative Assistant
Administrative Officer
Executive Officer II
Executive Officer I
Staff Officer
Deputy Principal
Grade 7
Grade 6
Each grade has a number of different disciplines (e.g. General Service, Professional & Technical etc.). Civil servants in the Industrial staff group have many different grades that are split into pay groups for undertaking similar types of work e.g. road workers in the Department for Infrastructure or craft grades in DAERA.
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