The party's founder, Ed Deibel of North Bay,[3] travelled Northern Ontario in the late 1960s and early 1970s to promote the idea of creating a separate province, and to sign up supporters for the party. Prior to launching the party, Deibel had been a business owner and a member of the North Bay City Council.[4]
The party later dropped the idea of a separate province from its platform, and continued to promote Northern Ontario's interests within Ontario.
The party disbanded in 1985, and remained inactive until being revived and re-registered by Elections Ontario in 2010. In its initial form, the party did not advocate separation, but campaigned for changes to the region's status and political power within the province. The idea of full separation was restored to the party's platform in 2016,[5] but dropped again in 2018.[6]
Origins of the party
The NOHP had its roots in the April 1973 provincial budget, in which the Government of Ontario proposed to extend the seven per cent provincial sales tax to heating and electricity.[7] Deibel notified the local media that he would go to jail before paying the tax. This led to a meeting of about 500 people, and the formation of a tax repeal committee chaired by Deibel. The committee collected 24,000 signatures from all over Northern Ontario on a petition, and the government ultimately withdrew the proposal.[7]
On May 16, 1973, Deibel formed a committee to discuss this idea, and began research about Northern Ontario’s problems. Deibel travelled Northern Ontario recruiting 600 members for the new province committee, and obtaining 6,000 signatures on a petition requesting that a vote be given to Northern Ontario on the question of forming a new province.[7]
In October 1974, Deibel pitched a tent at Queen's Park, site of Ontario’s legislative assembly, for three days, and gave interviews to the media.[8] This led to a half-hour private meeting with PremierWilliam Davis, who refused to allow a plebiscite.[7]
In the spring of 1975, Deibel wrote to Premier Davis, offering to abandon the new province committee if the government met seven demands:
Establish a Northern Ontario Development Commission with citizens from Northern Ontario.
A program paid for by the province to eliminate municipal taxes for ten years for all new manufacturing plants that complete at least 80 per cent of finished form.
Non-renewable resources to have a depletion tax deposited in a trust fund designed for that area when the project in finished.
At least 50 per cent of all natural resources to be processed and manufactured in Northern Ontario.
A billion-dollar catch-up program to provide serviced land for housing industrial parks and social needs.
Appointment of a provincial cabinet minister with full responsibility for mining.
Lakehead University and Laurentian University would receive funding for a continuing program of research and development that assures a better quality of life in Northern Ontario.
The Ontario government responded to the offer, noting that "Northern Ontario... is strengthened by being an integral part of a very broadly based provincial economy." The government’s response addressed each of the demands, but accepted none of them.
Deibel replied with a demand for the Premier’s resignation, and on September 17, 1976, began to collect the 10,000 signatures necessary to register a new political party. The provincial government subsequently created the Ministry of Northern Development and Mines in 1977.[9] The Northern Ontario Heritage Party was given official certification in October 1977, with 10,600 signatures.[3]
Activity
In 1979, Deibel created some controversy when he claimed that Ontario Progressive Conservative Party cabinet minister Alan Pope had pledged to cross the floor and join the party as its first MPP.[10] Pope denied the claim and never crossed;[10] according to Pope, while he lauded the party's goal of improving Northern Ontario's economic standing, he felt that he could accomplish more by working within the government than by sitting with a minor party.[10]
Soon afterward, Deibel attempted to run for a nomination as a Progressive Conservative Party of Canada candidate in the 1980 federal election.[8] Perceived as having damaged his and the party's credibility, he was forced to resign his position and was succeeded as leader by Garry Lewis,[8] a businessman from Callander who dropped separation from the party's agenda and instead campaigned for economic development of the region within the province.[8]
Despite the more than 10,000 people who had signed the party's original certification documents, however, the party had no more than 200 paying members at its peak.[8]
In early 1983, the party membership ousted Lewis and its executive.[11] The party's new leader, Ronald Gilson, promptly reinstated separation from Ontario as the party's primary goal.[11] By 1985, however, the party was deregistered after failing to file its annual contributions and expenses return for 1984;[12] Don Joynt, the executive director of the provincial Commission on Election Contributions and Expenses, revealed that in its year-end return for 1983, the party had listed just ninety cents in assets and only four card-carrying members.[12]
Party program
The NOHP’s dream for Northern Ontario was to build a totally integrated industrial complex, i.e., Northern Ontario would produce manufactured products from its natural resources, instead of just exporting raw materials. This would create prosperity for the region, and jobs to enable young people to stay in Northern Ontario. (Many young people leave the region to look for work in southern Ontario and other areas.)
The party aimed to expand the existing complex basis (i.e., mining, milling, smelting and refining, processing activities) to first level manufacturing processing industries and second level manufacturing industries, e.g., stainless steel work, nickel plating, zinc galvanizing, wire and cable works, copper and brass mills, secondary smelting, die casting, sand casting, foundries, iron and steel work, brasses, bronzes alloys, nickel alloys, alloys steels.
Northern Ontario has significant metallic mineral resources: the region produces nearly half of the world’s nickel, and a substantial portion of the Canada’s gold, silver, copper, zinc, uranium, cobalt and platinum metals.
But according to NOHP founder Ed Deibel, 100% of Northern Ontario’s raw resources are exported out of the region, and 80% are exported to other parts of the world. Only 20% are turned into made-in-Canada manufactured produces for exports and our domestic markets.
Consequently, Northern Ontario’s economy is concentrated on the extraction and semi-processing (e.g., smelting) of raw materials, which are high-pollution industries.
The NOHP believed that a provincial government could reverse a hundred years of mismanagement by the federal and provincial government of these mineral resources.
The NOHP would have implemented policies requiring that Northern Ontario’s natural resources be manufactured into made-in-Canada manufactured products, with the aim of diverting 50% of its raw materials to manufacturing in Canada.
The NOHP believed that Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway system would provide cheap transportation for shipping access manufactured goods to the world markets, and that railways, highways and air transportation could be improved to get manufactured products to world markets.
Furthermore, the region’s highly educated labour force, access to energy, and non-renewable natural and renewable raw resources would be an excellent basis for a strong manufacturing sector.
The NOHP would focus on state of the art technology to minimize pollution and pursue sustainable development.
Strategies for achieving these would include:
Designating Northern Ontario as a manufacturing centre;
Finding new and innovative ways to turn raw resources into manufactured products for export and for domestic markets;
Building a culture of innovation and research by encouraging research and development in Northern Ontario universities, and the transfer of new technologies and products to the new manufacturing culture of Northern Ontario;
Implementing tax incentives for new jobs created in the manufacturing sector in Northern Ontario; and
Enforcing the Ontario Mining Act (section 91) condition that patent ores to be treated in Canada.
Article prepared with the kind assistance of Mr. Ed Deibel.
2010 revival
In 2010, Deibel began trying to revive the party, setting up a website where Northerners were invited to join the party.[9] On August 6, 2010, the party was registered by Elections Ontario.[13]
In its initial platform, the revived Northern Ontario Heritage Party called for a number of measures to increase the region's power over its own affairs within the province, including increasing the number of Northern Ontario electoral districts in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario and the creation of a special district for the region's First Nations voters.[9]
The party ran three candidates in the 2011 provincial election, garnering 683 votes. However, one of its candidates ran in the downtown Toronto riding of St. Paul's rather than in a Northern Ontario riding.
In 2016, the party changed its name to "Northern Ontario Party", by registering the name change with Elections Ontario as per regulations, and announced Trevor Holliday as its new leader.[14] Holliday, previously a bus driver for Ontario Northland, was converted to Northern Ontario separation when the government of Dalton McGuinty announced plans in 2012 to shut down the service,[15] and attracted media attention early in 2016 when he created an online petition on change.org which eventually attracted over 4,000 signatories.[5] Deibel remained involved in the party executive.[16] Under Holliday's leadership, the party restored separation from Ontario to its platform.[5]
In 2017, the party called for the creation of a separate Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry for Northern Ontario as an interim step during the period of secession negotiations,[17] as well as calling for a referendum to revise the province's school board structure.[18]
In the 2018 Ontario general election, the party again dropped separation from Ontario from its campaign platform, and returned to advocating for measures to improve the region's standing within the province, such as the creation of special Northern Ontario-only government ministries.[19]
In April 2019, Trevor Holliday resigned as leader of the Northern Ontario Party, in order "to ensure we have a leader that can communicate with the supporters, members, media and most importantly Northerners, in more than just English."[20] He was succeeded as leader by Shawn Poirier,[20] a truck driver from Kirkland Lake who had been the party's candidate in Timiskaming—Cochrane in 2018.[19] Poirier stepped down as leader a few months later, citing personal reasons, and Holliday reassumed the leadership on an interim basis.
In 2021, Holliday backed the idea of a Northern Ontario travel bubble during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada, allowing free movement within Northern Ontario but restricting entry from outside the region.[21] The party failed to win any seats in the 2022 Ontario general election.
Party leaders
Northern Ontario Party
Name
Term start
Term end
Riding(s) contested as Leader
Notes
Ed Deibel
1977
1981
None
First Leader of the Northern Ontario Heritage Party
Garry Lewis
1981
1983
None
Ronald Gilson
1983
1985
None
Party deregistered in 1985 for failing to file its annual contributions and expenses return for 1984[12]
