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((Short description|Territory of the Russian Empire (1764–1917)))
((ref improve|date=June 2023))
((other uses))
((EngvarB|date=April 2017))
((Use dmy dates|date=April 2017))
[[File:1800 Novoros gov.jpg|thumb|250px|((legend|yellow|[[Novorossiya Governorate]] in 1800 within the [[Russian Empire]]. Its central city was Ekaterinoslav (modern [[Dnipro]]), which was briefly renamed "Novorossiysk" during the reign of [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]]))]]
'''Novorossiya'''<ref group="nb">((lang-rus|Новороссия|Novorossiya|p=nəvɐˈrosːʲɪjə|a=Ru-Новороссия.ogg)); ((lang-uk|Новоросія|Novorosiia)); ((lang-ro|Noua Rusie)), ((lang-pl|Noworosja))</ref> is a historical name, used during the era of the [[Russian Empire]] for an administrative area that would later become the southern mainland of [[Ukraine]]: the region immediately north of the [[Black Sea]] and [[Crimea]]. The province fell largely within a slightly wider area known in [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] as the '''''Stepovyna''''' "Steppe Land", or '''''Nyz''''' "Lower Land".<ref>Mikhail Levchenko (1874). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=cjcsAAAAYAAJ Opyt russko-ukrainskago slovari︠a︡]''. Kyiv: Tip. Gubernskago upravlenii︠a︡, p 188.</ref> The name Novorossiya, which means New Russia, entered official usage in 1764, after the Russian Empire conquered the [[Crimean Khanate]], and annexed its territories,<ref name=encyclopedia>"Plan for the Colonization of New Russia Gubernia" issued by the [[Governing Senate|Russian Senate]] - [https://web.archive.org/web/20150815044340/http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CN%5CE%5CNewRussiagubernia.htm New Russia Gubernia] at the [[Encyclopedia of Ukraine]]</ref> when [[Novorossiya Governorate]] (or Province) was founded. Official usage of the name ceased after 1917, when the entire area was incorporated in the [[Ukrainian People's Republic]] (precursor of the [[Ukrainian SSR]]).

Novorossiya Governorate was formed (1764) from [[Military occupation|military frontier]] regions and parts of the [[left-bank Ukraine|southern Hetmanate]], in anticipation of a [[Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)|war with the Ottoman Empire]].<ref>Magocsi, Paul R. "A History of Ukraine: The Land and Its Peoples," p. 284.</ref> It was further expanded by the annexation of the [[Zaporozhian Sich]] in 1775. At various times, Novorossiya encompassed the Moldavian region of [[Bessarabia]], the modern [[Ukraine]]'s regions of the [[Black Sea littoral]] (Prychornomoria), [[Zaporizhzhia Oblast|Zaporizhzhia]], [[Kherson Oblast|Tavria]], the [[Azov Sea littoral]] (Pryazovia), the [[Tatar]] region of [[Crimea]], the area around the [[Kuban River]], and the [[Circassia]]n lands.

==History==
===Wild Fields===
((further|Wild Fields))
[[File:Beauplan Poland XVII map.jpg|thumb|250px|Ukraine 1648 (south on top) with a broad belt of "loca deserta", [[Latin]] for ''desolated areas'']]
[[File:Ukraine-Dyke Pole.png|thumb|left|250px|Map of the [[Wild Fields]] in the 17th century]]
The modern history of the region follows the fall of the [[Golden Horde]]. The eastern portion was claimed by the [[Crimean Khanate]] (one of its multiple successors), while its western regions were divided between [[Moldavia]] and [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]]. With the expansion of the [[Ottoman Empire]], the whole Black Sea northern littoral region came under the control of the Crimean Khanate that in turn became a vassal of the Ottomans.((Citation needed|date=August 2014)) Sometime in the 16th century the Crimean Khanate allowed the [[Nogai Horde]] which were displaced from its native Volga region by Muscovites and [[Kalmyks]] to settle in the [[Pontic–Caspian steppe|Black Sea steppes]].((Citation needed|date=August 2014))

Vast regions to the North of the Black Sea were sparsely populated and were known as the [[Wild Fields]] (as translated from Polish or Ukrainian), [[Dykra]] (in Lithuanian) or ''Loca deserta'' ("desolated places") in Latin on medieval maps. There were, however, many settlements along the [[Dnieper River]]. The Wild Fields had covered roughly the southern territories of modern [[Ukraine]]; some((who|date=July 2014)) say they extended into the modern [[Southern Russia]] ([[Rostov Oblast]]).((Citation needed|date=February 2021))

===Russian expansion===
((further|Novorossiya Governorate))
[[File:1750 Zaporozh.png|thumb|250px|Lands of [[Zaporizhian Host]] in 1760]]
The Russian Empire gradually gained control over the area, signing peace treaties with the [[Cossack Hetmanate]] and with the [[Ottoman Empire]] at the conclusion of the [[Russo-Turkish Wars]] of [[Russo-Turkish War, 1735-1739|1735–39]], [[Russo-Turkish War, 1768–1774|1768–74]], [[Russo-Turkish War, 1787–1792|1787–92]] and [[Russo-Turkish War, 1806–1812|1806–12]]. In 1764 the [[Russian Empire]] established the [[Novorossiysk Governorate]]; it was originally to be named after the Empress Catherine, but she decreed that it should be called New Russia instead.<ref name="Vasylenko 1775">((Cite book |last=Nataliya Polonska-Vasylenko |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v4oVAAAAIAAJ |title=The Settlement of the Southern Ukraine (1750-1775) |publisher=Ukrainian Academy of Arts and Sciences in the U.S. |year=1955 |page=190))</ref> Imperial Russia’s view of New Russia was described in 2006 by the historian Willard Sunderland:

((blockquote|The old steppe was Asian and stateless; the current one was state-determined and claimed for European-Russian civilization. The world of comparison was now even more obviously that of the Western empires. Consequently it was all the more clear that the Russian empire merited its own New Russia to go along with everyone else's [[New Spain]], [[New France]], and [[New England]]. The adoption of the name of New Russia was in fact the most powerful statement imaginable of Russia's national coming of age.<ref>((Cite book |last=Willard Sunderland |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RUjjxFvkTO4C&pg=PA70 |title=Taming the Wild Field: Colonization and Empire on the Russian Steppe |publisher=Cornell University Press |year=2006 |isbn=0-8014-7347-0 |page=70 ))</ref>))

The administrative centre of the Novorossiysk Governorate was at the [[St. Elizabeth fortress]] (today in [[Kropyvnytskyi]]) in order to protect the southern borderlands from the [[Ottoman Empire]], and in 1765 this passed to [[Kremenchuk]].<ref name="Vasylenko 1775" /><ref>((Cite web |title=New Russian gubernia |url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CN%5CE%5CNewRussiagubernia.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150815044340/http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CN%5CE%5CNewRussiagubernia.htm |archive-date=15 August 2015 |access-date=4 January 2015 |publisher=[[Encyclopedia of Ukraine]]))</ref>

After the annexation of the Ottoman territories to Novorossiya in 1774, the Russian authorities commenced a broad program of colonization, encouraging large migrations from a broader spectrum of ethnic groups. Catherine the Great invited European settlers to these newly conquered lands: [[Romanians]] (from [[Moldavia]], [[Wallachia]] and [[Transylvania]]), [[Bulgarians]], [[Serbs]], [[Greeks]], [[Albanians]], [[Germans]], [[Polish people|Poles]], [[Italians]], and others.((cn|date=June 2023)) Catherine the Great granted [[Kniaz|Prince]] [[Grigori Alexandrovich Potemkin|Grigori Potemkin]] (1739–1791) the powers of an absolute ruler over the area from 1774, after which he directed the Russian colonization of the land. The rulers of Novorossiya gave out land generously to the Russian nobility (''[[dvoryanstvo]]'') and the [[Russian serfdom|enserfed]] [[peasantry]]—mostly from Ukraine and fewer from Russia—to encourage immigration for the cultivation of the then sparsely populated steppe.((Citation needed|date=August 2014)) According to the ''Historical Dictionary of Ukraine'':

((blockquote|The population consisted of military colonists from hussar and lancer regiments, Ukrainian and Russian peasants, Cossacks, Serbs, Montenegrins, Hungarians, and other foreigners who received land subsidies for settling in the area.<ref>((Cite book |author=[[Ivan Katchanovski]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-h6r57lDC4QC&pg=PA392 |title=Historical Dictionary of Ukraine |last2=Zenon E. Kohut |last3=Bohdan Y. Nebesio |last4=Myroslav Yurkevich |date=21 June 2013 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=978-0-8108-7847-1 |page=392))</ref>)) 

In 1775, the Russian Empress [[Catherine the Great]] forcefully liquidated the [[Zaporizhian Sich]] and annexed its territory to Novorossiya, thus eliminating the independent rule of the Ukrainian Cossacks.((Citation needed|date=February 2021)) The governorate was dissolved in 1783.((citation needed|date=June 2023)) In 1792, the Russian government declared that the region between the Dniester and the Bug was to become a new principality named "''New Moldavia''", under Russian suzerainty.<ref>E. Lozovan, ''Romanii orientali'', "Neamul Romanesc", 1/1991, p.14</ref> According to the first Russian census of the [[Yedisan]] region conducted in 1793 (after the expulsion of the Nogai Tatars) 49 villages out of 67 between the Dniester and the [[Southern Bug]] were Romanian.<ref>E. Lozovan, ''Romanii orientali'', "Neamul Romanesc", 1/1991, p.32.</ref> From 1796 to 1802 Novorossiya was the name of the reestablished Governorate with the capital Novorossiysk (previously and subsequently Ekaterinoslav, the present-day Ukrainian city of [[Dnipropetrovsk]] not to be confused with present-day [[Novorossiysk]], [[Russian Federation]]) In 1802 it was divided into three governorates, the [[Yekaterinoslav Governorate|Yekaterinoslav]], [[Kherson Governorate|Kherson]], and the [[Taurida Governorate|Taurida]].((citation needed|date=June 2023))

[[File:Neurussland 1855.png|thumb|250px|A historical German map of Novorossiya 1855]]

From 1822 to 1874 the Novorossiysk-Bessarabia General Government was centred in [[Odesa]]. The region remained part of the [[Russian Empire]] until its collapse following the Russian [[February Revolution]] in early March 1917, after which it became part of the short-lived [[Russian Republic]]. In 1918, it was largely included in the [[Ukrainian State]] and in the [[Ukrainian Soviet Republic]] at the same time. In 1918–1920, it was, to varying extents, under the control of the anti-[[Bolshevik]] [[White movement]] governments of [[South Russia (1919–1920)|South Russia]] whose [[southern Front of the Russian Civil War#Wrangel's Russian Army|defeat]] signified the Soviet control over the territory, which became part of the [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic]], within the [[Soviet Union]] in 1922.

===Legacy===
((further|Novorossiya (confederation)))
((expand section|date=April 2014))
<!--
For the expansion, we do not need retelling the articles about pro-Russian unrest and war in Donbas; These are separate topics, covered in detail in their articles. We need *additional* information on the evolution of the idea of Novorossiya in post-Soviet times -->

Following the [[Dissolution of the Soviet Union|Soviet Union's collapse]] on 26 December 1991 and concurrent with the lead-up to [[Independence of Ukraine|Ukrainian independence]] on 24 August 1991, a nascent movement began in Odesa for the restoration of Novorossiya region; it however failed within days and never defined its borders.<ref>"The CIS Handbook", edited by Patrick Heenan, Monique Lamontagne, Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, 1999, p. 75.</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=Federal State of Novorossiya |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/novorossiya.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809180844/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/novorossiya.htm |archive-date=9 August 2014 |access-date=18 February 2015 |publisher=GlobalSecurity.org |quote="A Russian ethnic republic in Ukraine was named Novorossiya and was proclaimed in 1992 but fell some days after."))</ref><ref name="Kolstoe, Paul 1995, p. 189">Paul Kolstoe. "Russians in the Former Soviet Republics", Indiana University Press, June 1995, p. 176.</ref> The initial conception had not developed exact borders, but focus centred on the [[Odesa Oblast|Odesa]], [[Mykolaiv Oblast|Mykolaiv]], [[Kherson Oblast|Kherson]], and [[Autonomous Republic of Crimea|Crimean]] oblasts, with eventually other [[oblasts of Ukraine|oblasts]] joining as well.<ref name="Kolstoe, Paul 1995, p. 189" /><ref>((Cite book |last1=Zbigniew Brzezinski |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vt5OLD3vp4UC |title=Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States: Documents, Data, and Analysis |last2=Paige Sullivan |publisher=[[Center for Strategic and International Studies]] (Washington, D.C.); M.E. Sharpe Inc. |year=1997 |isbn=978-1-56324-637-1 |page=639 |author-link=Zbigniew Brzezinski))</ref>

The name received renewed emphasis when [[President of Russia|Russian President]] [[Vladimir Putin]] stated in an interview on 17 April 2014 that the territories of [[Kharkiv]], [[Luhansk]], [[Donetsk]], [[Kherson]], [[Mykolaiv]] and [[Odesa]] were part of what was called Novorossiya.<ref>((Cite news |title=Transcript: Vladimir Putin's April 17 Q&A |newspaper=Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/transcript-vladimir-putins-april-17-qanda/2014/04/17/ff77b4a2-c635-11e3-8b9a-8e0977a24aeb_story.html |url-status=live |access-date=18 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150208080747/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/transcript-vladimir-putins-april-17-qanda/2014/04/17/ff77b4a2-c635-11e3-8b9a-8e0977a24aeb_story.html |archive-date=8 February 2015))</ref>((#tag:ref|Kharkiv was the centre of the historical region of [[Sloboda Ukraine]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=MZcRbSQgu9wC&dq=Sloboda+Ukraine+Kharkiv&pg=PA19 Unmaking Imperial Russia: Mykhailo Hrushevsky and the Writing of Ukrainian History] by [[Serhii Plokhy]], [[University of Toronto Press]], 2005, ((ISBN|0802039375)) (page 19)</ref> A portion of modern Kharkiv Oblast includes territory of the late-eighteenth century [[Novorossiya Governorate]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=8LkxBgAAQBAJ&dq=Sloboda+Ukraine&pg=PA9 Frontline Ukraine: Crisis in the Borderlands] by [[Richard Sakwa]], [[I.B. Tauris]], 2015, ((ISBN|1784530646)) (page 9)</ref>|group=nb)) In May 2014, the self-proclaimed [[Donetsk People's Republic]] and [[Luhansk People's Republic]] proclaimed the confederation of [[Novorossiya (confederation)|Novorossiya]] and its desire to extend its control towards all of southeastern Ukraine.<ref name="unian.net">((Cite news |date=24 May 2014 |script-title=ru:СМИ: Террористы из "ДНР" и "ЛНР" объединились |language=ru |trans-title=Mass media: Terrorists of the "LNR" and "DNR" have united |agency=[[Ukrainian Independent Information Agency|UNIAN]] |url=http://www.unian.net/politics/921422-smi-terroristyi-iz-dnr-i-lnr-obyedinilis.html |url-status=live |access-date=26 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140525195812/http://www.unian.net/politics/921422-smi-terroristyi-iz-dnr-i-lnr-obyedinilis.html |archive-date=25 May 2014 |df=dmy-all))</ref> The confederation had little practical unity and within a year the project was abandoned: on 1 January 2015 the founding leadership announced the project had been put on hold, and on 20 May the constituent members announced the freezing of the political project.<ref name=utenrp>((Cite web |date=20 May 2015 |title=Russian-backed 'Novorossiya' breakaway movement collapses |url=http://uatoday.tv/politics/russian-backed-novorossiya-breakaway-movement-collapses-428372.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521051525/http://uatoday.tv/politics/russian-backed-novorossiya-breakaway-movement-collapses-428372.html |archive-date=21 May 2015 |access-date=17 June 2016 |website=[[Ukraine Today]]))<br>((Cite news |last1=Vladimir Dergachev |last2=Dmitriy Kirillov |date=20 May 2015 |script-title=ru:Проект «Новороссия» закрыт |language=ru |trans-title=Project "New Russia" is closed |work=[[Gazeta.ru]] |url=http://m.gazeta.ru/politics/2015/05/19_a_6694441.shtml |url-status=live |access-date=17 June 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219052032/http://uatoday.tv/politics/russian-backed-novorossiya-breakaway-movement-collapses-428372.html |archive-date=19 December 2016))</ref><ref>((Cite web |title=Why the Kremlin Is Shutting Down the Novorossiya Project |url=http://carnegieendowment.org/2015/05/29/why-kremlin-is-shutting-down-novorossiya-project/i96u |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222171800/http://carnegieendowment.org/2015/05/29/why-kremlin-is-shutting-down-novorossiya-project/i96u |archive-date=22 December 2015 |access-date=2015-12-20 |website=Carnegie Endowment for International Peace))</ref> During the [[Wagner Group mutiny]] in June 2023, President Putin used the phrase in a speech responding to the mutiny, praising those "who fought and gave their lives to Novorossiya and for the unity of the [[Russian world]]".<ref>((cite news |title='Internal betrayal': Transcript of Vladimir Putin's address |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/24/internal-betrayal-transcript-of-vladimir-putins-address |work=Al Jazeera))</ref>

== Demographics ==
===Ethnicity===
The ethnic composition of Novorossiya changed during the beginning of the 19th century due to the intensive movement of colonists who rapidly created towns, villages, and agricultural colonies. During the [[Russo-Turkish Wars]], the major Turkish fortresses of [[Ozu-Cale]], [[Akkerman]], [[Khadzhibey]], [[Kinburn foreland|Kinburn]] and many others were conquered and destroyed. New cities and settlements were established in their places. Over time the ethnic composition varied.((clarify|date=August 2014))

Multiple ethnicities((clarify|date=August 2014)) participated in the founding of the cities of Novorossiya (most of these cities were expansions of older settlements<ref name="older settlements already">[http://ukrainianweek.com/History/123898 Odesa: Through Cossacks, Khans and Russian Emperors] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181024101327/http://ukrainianweek.com/History/123898 |date=24 October 2018 )), [[The Ukrainian Week]] (18 November 2014)</ref>). For example:

* [[Zaporizhzhia]] as formerly the site of a Cossack fort
* [[Odesa]], founded in 1794 on the site of a Tatar village (the first recorded mention of a settlement located in current Odesa was in 1415<ref name="older settlements already" />) by a Spanish general in Russian service, [[Jose de Ribas]], had a French mayor, [[Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu|Richelieu]] (in office 1803–1814)
* [[Donetsk]], founded in 1869, was originally named Yuzovka (Yuzivka) in honor of [[John Hughes (businessman)|John Hughes]], the Welsh industrialist who developed the coal region of the [[Donbas]]

According to the report of governor Shmidt, the ethnic composition of [[Kherson Governorate]] (which included the city of [[Odesa]]) in 1851 was as follows:<ref>Шмидт А. "Материалы для географии и статистики, собранные офицерами генерального штаба. Херсонская губерния. Часть 1". ''(tr. "Schmidt A.: Materials for geography and statistics collected by officers of the general staff. Kherson province. Part 1")'' St. Petersburg, 1863, p. 465-466</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Nationality !! Number !! %
|-
| [[Ukrainians]] || 703,699 || 69.14
|-
| [[Romanians]] (Moldavians and [[Vlachs]]) || 75,000 || 7.37
|-
| [[Jews]] || 55,000 || 5.40
|-
| [[Black Sea Germans|Russian-Germans]] || 40,000 || 3.93
|-
| [[Great Russians]] || 30,000 || 2.95
|-
| [[Bulgarians]] || 18,435 || 1.81
|-
| [[Belarusians]] || 9,000 || 0.88
|-
| [[Greeks]]|| 3,500 || 0.34
|-
| [[Romani people]] || 2,516 || 0.25
|-
| [[Polish people|Poles]] || 2,000 || 0.20
|-
| [[Armenians]] || 1,990 || 0.20
|-
| [[Crimean Karaites|Karaites]] || 446 || 0.04
|-
| [[Serbs]] || 436 || 0.04
|-
| [[Swedes]] || 318 || 0.03
|-
| [[Tatars]] || 76 || 0.01
|-
| Former Officials || 48,378 || 4.75
|-
| Nobles || 16,603 || 1.63
|-
| Foreigners || 10,392 || 1.02
|-
| '''Total Population''' || '''1,017,789''' || '''100'''
|}

===Language===
With regard to language usage, [[Russian language|Russian]] was commonly spoken in the cities and some outside areas, while [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] generally predominated in rural areas, smaller towns, and villages.((clarify|date=August 2014))

The 1897 [[Russian Empire Census|All-Russian Empire Census]] statistics show that Ukrainian was the native language spoken by most of the population of Novorossiya, but with Russian and Yiddish languages dominating in most city areas.<ref>((Cite journal |date=31 December 2014 |title=First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Breakdown of population by mother tongue: Kharkov governorate - total population |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=1600 |url-status=live |journal=Demoskop Weekly |publisher=Demoscope Weekly |issue=№ 623–624 |issn=1726-2887 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502013629/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=1600 |archive-date=2 May 2014 |access-date=4 January 2015))</ref><ref>((Cite journal |date=31 December 2014 |title=First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Breakdown of population by mother tongue: Kherson district - the city of Kherson |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=1646 |url-status=live |journal=Demoskop Weekly |publisher=Demoscope Weekly |issue=№ 623–624 |issn=1726-2887 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304205054/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=1646 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=4 January 2015))</ref><ref>((Cite journal |date=31 December 2014 |title=First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Breakdown of population by mother tongue: Kherson district - the city of Nikolayev (military governorate) |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=1648 |url-status=live |journal=Demoskop Weekly |publisher=Demoscope Weekly |issue=№ 623–624 |issn=1726-2887 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517133955/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=1648 |archive-date=17 May 2014 |access-date=4 January 2015))</ref>
[[File:The Donets Basin is the heart of Russia.jpg|thumb|225px|Soviet Russian poster from 1921 — "Donbas is the heart of Russia".]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Language !! Kherson Guberniya !! Yekaterinoslav Guberniya !! Tavrida Guberniya
|-
| Ukrainian || 53.4% || 68.9% || 42.2%
|-
| Russian || 21.0% || 17.3% || 27.9%
|-
| Belarusian || 0.8% || 0.6% || 6.7%
|-
| Polish || 2.1% || 0.6% || 0.6%
|-
| Bulgarian || 0.9% || – || 2.8%
|-
| Romanian || 5.3% || 0.4% || 0.2%
|-
| German || 4.5% || 3.8% || 5.4%
|-
| Jewish (sic) || 11.8% || 4.6% || 3.8%
|-
| Greek || 2.3% || 2.3% || 1.2%
|-
| Tatar || 8.2% || 8.2% || 13.5%
|-
| Turkish || 2.6% || 2.6% || 1.5%
|-
| Total Population || 2,733,612 || 2,311,674 || 1,447,790
|}

The 1897 [[Russian Empire Census|All-Russian Empire Census]] statistics:<ref>((Cite journal |date=31 December 2014 |title=First General Census of the Russian Empire of 1897. Breakdown of population by mother tongue: Donetsk district - total population |url=http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=397 |url-status=live |journal=Demoskop Weekly |publisher=Demoscope Weekly |issue=№ 623–624 |issn=1726-2887 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911065902/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus_lan_97_uezd_eng.php?reg=397 |archive-date=11 September 2014 |access-date=4 January 2015))</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Language !! Odesa !! Yekaterinoslav !! Mykolaiv !! Kherson !! Sevastopol !! Mariupol !! Donetsk district
|-
| Russian || 198,233 || 47,140 || 61,023 || 27,902 || 34,014 || 19,670 || 273,302
|-
| Jewish (sic) || 124,511 || 39,979 || 17,949 || 17,162 || 3,679 || 4,710 || 7
|-
| Ukrainian || 37,925 || 17,787 || 7,780 || 11,591 || 7,322 || 3,125 || 177,376
|-
| Polish || 17,395 || 3,418 || 2,612 || 1,021 || 2,753 || 218 || 82
|-
| German || 10,248 || 1,438 || 813 || 426 || 907 || 248 || 2,336
|-
| Greek || 5,086 || 161 || 214 || 51 || 1,553 || 1,590 || 88
|-
| Total Population || 403,815 || 112,839 || 92,012 || 59,076 || 53,595 || 31,116 || 455,819
|}

==List of founded cities==
Many of the cities that were founded (most of these cities were expansions of older settlements<ref name="older settlements already" />) during the imperial period are major cities today.

[[Imperial Russian Army|Imperial Russian regiments]] were used to build these cities, at the expense of hundreds of soldiers’ lives.<ref name="older settlements already" />

===First wave===
* Yelisavetgrad ([[Kropyvnytskyi]]) (1754)
* Aleksandrovsk ([[Zaporizhzhia]]) (1770)
* Yekaterinoslav ([[Dnipro]]) (1776)
* [[Kherson]] (1778)
* [[Mariupol]] (1778)
* [[Sevastopol]] (1783)
* [[Simferopol]] (1784)
* [[Melitopol]] (1784)
* [[Pavlohrad]] (1784)

===Second wave===
* [[Mykolaiv]] (1789)
* [[Tiraspol]] (1792)
* [[Odesa]] (1794)
* Yekaterinodar ([[Krasnodar]]) (1794)

===Third wave===
* [[Berdyansk]] (1827)
* [[Novorossiysk]] (1838)

==See also==
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order. ♦♦♦--->
* [[Battle of Kherson]] 2022
* [[Belarus|White Russia]]
* [[Donetsk–Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic]]
* [[Great Russia]]
* [[Little Russia]]
* [[New Serbia (historical province)|New Serbia]]
* [[Novorossiya (confederation)]]
* [[Old Great Bulgaria]]
* [[Russian irredentism]]
* [[Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast]] 2022
* [[Slavo-Serbia]]
* [[Southern Ukraine]]
* [[Territorial evolution of Russia]]

==Notes==
((Reflist|group=nb))

==References==
((reflist))

==External links==
*((Commons category-inline))
*[http://karty.narod.ru/great/nvr/nvr.html Map of Novorossiya (New Russia)]
*[http://www.2odessa.com/wiki/index.php?title=Odessa_leaders#Novorossiya_Governors_and_Odessa_Mayors Novorossiya leaders and Odesa mayors]
((coord|47.5|34.5|dim:400km_region:UA|display=title))

((Russo-Ukrainian War))
((Russian invasion of Ukraine))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Novorossiya| ]]
[[Category:Historical regions in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Historical regions in Russia]]
[[Category:Zaporizhzhia (region)]]
[[Category:Russians in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Russification]]

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