October 28 is the 301st day of the year (302nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 64 days remain until the end of the year.

Events

Pre-1600

• 97 – Roman emperor Nerva is forced by the Praetorian Guard to adopt general Marcus Ulpius Trajanus as his heir and successor.
• 306 – Maxentius is proclaimed Roman emperor.
• 312 – Constantine I defeats Maxentius, becoming the sole Roman emperor in the West.
• 969 – The Byzantine Empire recovers Antioch from Arab rule.
• 1344 – The lower town of Smyrna is captured by Crusaders in response to Aydınid piracy.
• 1420 – Beijing is officially designated the capital of the Ming dynasty when the Forbidden City is completed.
• 1449 – Christian I is crowned king of Denmark.
• 1453 – Ladislaus the Posthumous is crowned king of Bohemia in Prague.
• 1492 – Christopher Columbus lands in Cuba on his first voyage to the New World, surmising that it is Japan.^[1]
• 1516 – Second Ottoman–Mamluk War: Mamluks fail to stop the Ottoman advance towards Egypt at the Battle of Yaunis Khan.
• 1520 – Ferdinand Magellan reaches the Pacific Ocean.^[2]
• 1531 – Abyssinian–Adal war: The Adal Sultanate seizes southern Ethiopia.
• 1538 – The Universidad Santo Tomás de Aquino is founded in what is now the Dominican Republic.

1601–1900

• 1628 – French Wars of Religion: The Siege of La Rochelle ends with the surrender of the Huguenots after fourteen months.
• 1636 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony votes to establish a theological college, which would later become Harvard University.
• 1664 – The Duke of York and Albany's Maritime Regiment of Foot, later to be known as the Royal Marines, is established.
• 1707 – The 1707 Hōei earthquake causes more than 5,000 deaths in Japan.
• 1726 – The novel Gulliver's Travels written by Jonathan Swift is published.
• 1776 – American Revolutionary War: British troops attack and capture Chatterton Hill from the Continental Army.
• 1834 – The Pinjarra massacre occurs in the Swan River Colony. An estimated 30 Noongar people are killed by British colonists.
• 1835 – The United Tribes of New Zealand are established with the signature of the Declaration of Independence.
• 1864 – American Civil War: A Union attack on the Confederate capital of Richmond is repulsed.
• 1886 – US president Grover Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.
• 1891 – The Mino–Owari earthquake, the largest inland earthquake in Japan's history, occurs.
• 1893 – Pyotr Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6 in B Minor, Pathétique receives its première performance only nine days before the composer's death.

1901–present

• 1918 – World War I: A new Polish government in western Galicia is established, triggering the Polish–Ukrainian War.
• 1918 – World War I: Czech politicians peacefully take over the city of Prague, thus establishing the First Czechoslovak Republic.^[3]
• 1919 – The U.S. Congress passes the Volstead Act over President Woodrow Wilson's veto, paving the way for Prohibition to begin the following January.
• 1922 – Italian fascists led by Benito Mussolini march on Rome and take over the Italian government.
• 1928 – Indonesia Raya, now the national anthem of Indonesia, is first played during the Second Indonesian Youth Congress.^[4]
• 1940 – World War II: Greece rejects Italy's ultimatum. Italy invades Greece through Albania a few hours later.
• 1942 – The Alaska Highway first connects Alaska to the North American railway network at Dawson Creek in Canada.
• 1948 – Paul Hermann Müller is awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the insecticidal properties of DDT.
• 1948 – Ecological disaster in Donora, Pennsylvania.^[5]
• 1949 – An Air France Lockheed Constellation crashes in the Azores, killing all 48 people on board.
• 1956 – Hungarian Revolution: A de facto ceasefire comes into effect between armed revolutionaries and Soviet troops, who begin to withdraw from Budapest. Communist officials and facilities come under attack by revolutionaries.
• 1958 – John XXIII is elected Pope.
• 1962 – The Cuban Missile Crisis ends and Premier Nikita Khrushchev orders the removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba.
• 1965 – Pope Paul VI promulgates Nostra aetate, by which the Roman Catholic Church officially recognizes the legitimacy of non-Christian faiths.
• 1971 – Prospero becomes the only British satellite to be launched by a British rocket.
• 1982 – The Spanish general election begins fourteen years of rule by the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.
• 1990 – Georgia holds its only free election under Soviet rule.
• 1995 – The Baku Metro fire sees 289 people killed and 270 injured.
• 2006 – A funeral service takes place at the Bykivnia graves for Ukrainians who were killed by the Soviet secret police.
• 2007 – Cristina Fernández de Kirchner becomes the first directly elected female President of Argentina.
• 2009 – The 28 October 2009 Peshawar bombing kills 117 and wounds 213.
• 2009 – NASA successfully launches the Ares I-X mission, the only rocket launch for its short-lived Constellation program.
• 2009 – US President Barack Obama signs the Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act.^[6]
• 2013 – Five people are killed and 38 are injured after a car crashes into barriers at Tiananmen Square in China.
• 2014 – A rocket carrying NASA's Cygnus CRS Orb-3 resupply mission to the International Space Station explodes seconds after taking off from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport in Wallops Island, Virginia.
• 2018 – Jair Bolsonaro is elected president of Brazil with 57 million votes, with Workers' Party candidate Fernando Haddad as the runner-up. It is the first time in 16 years that a Workers' Party candidate is not elected president.

Births

Pre-1600

• 1017 – Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1056)
• 1466 – Erasmus, Dutch philosopher (d. 1536)
• 1479 – John Gage, English courtier (d. 1556)
• 1510 – Francis Borgia, 4th Duke of Gandía, Spanish priest and saint, 3rd Superior General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1572)
• 1550 – Stanislaus Kostka, Polish saint (d. 1568)
• 1585 – Cornelius Jansen, Dutch bishop and theologian (d. 1638)
• 1599 – Marie of the Incarnation, foundress of the Ursuline Monastery in Quebec (d. 1672)

1601–1900

• 1610 – Jacob Kettler, 3rd duke of Courland and Semigallia (d. 1682)
• 1667 – Maria Anna of Neuburg, Queen consort of Spain
• 1690 – Peter Tordenskjold, Norwegian admiral (d. 1720)
• 1693 – Šimon Brixi, Czech composer (d. 1735)
• 1696 – Maurice de Saxe, French general (d. 1750)
• 1703 – Antoine Deparcieux, French mathematician and engineer (d. 1768)
• 1718 – Ignacije Szentmartony, Croatian priest, mathematician, astronomer, and explorer (d. 1793)
• 1733 – Franz Ignaz von Beecke, German composer (d. 1803)
• 1754 – John Laurens, American soldier (d. 1782)
• 1767 – Marie of Hesse-Kassel (d. 1852)
• 1793 – Eliphalet Remington, American businessman, founded Remington Arms (d. 1861)
• 1794 – Robert Liston, Scottish surgeon (d. 1847)
• 1804 – Pierre François Verhulst, Belgian mathematician and theorist (d. 1849)
• 1815 – Ľudovít Štúr, Slovak philologist and politician (d. 1856)
• 1816 – Malwida von Meysenbug, German writer (d. 1903)
• 1837 – Tokugawa Yoshinobu, Japanese shōgun (d. 1913)^[7]
• 1839 – Edward P. Allen, American captain, lawyer, and politician (d. 1909)
• 1845 – Zygmunt Florenty Wróblewski, Polish physicist and chemist (d. 1888)
• 1846 – Auguste Escoffier, French chef and author (d. 1935)
• 1854 – Jean-Marie Guyau, French philosopher and poet (d. 1888)
• 1860 – Kanō Jigorō, Japanese martial artist (d. 1938)
• 1864 – Adolfo Camarillo, Mexican-American rancher and philanthropist (d. 1958)
• 1867 – Sister Nivedita, Irish-Indian nurse, author, and educator (d. 1911)
• 1875 – Gilbert Hovey Grosvenor, Turkish-Canadian journalist (d. 1966)
• 1877 – Joe Adams, American baseball player and manager (d. 1952)
• 1879 – Channing H. Cox, American lawyer and politician, 49th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1968)
• 1880 – Wilhelm Anderson, Belarusian-Estonian astrophysicist and astronomer (d. 1940)
• 1880 – Billy Wedlock, English footballer (d. 1965)
• 1881 – Vin Coutie, Australian footballer (d. 1951)
• 1884 – William Douglas Cook, New Zealand horticulturalist, founded Eastwoodhill Arboretum (d. 1967)
• 1885 – Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian poet and playwright (d. 1922)
• 1886 – O. G. S. Crawford, British archaeologist (d. 1957)^[8]
• 1886 – Noel Macklin, English soldier and engineer (d. 1946)
• 1888 – Christopher Vane, 10th Baron Barnard, English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Durham (d. 1964)
• 1889 – Juliette Béliveau, Canadian actress and singer (d. 1975)
• 1892 – Dink Johnson, American pianist, drummer, and clarinet player (d. 1954)
• 1893 – Christopher Kelk Ingold, British chemist (d. 1970)
• 1896 – Howard Hanson, American composer, conductor, and educator (d. 1981)
• 1897 – Edith Head, American costume designer (d. 1981)
• 1897 – Hans Speidel, German general (d. 1984)

1901–present

• 1901 – Eileen Shanahan, Irish poet (d. 1979)
• 1902 – Elsa Lanchester, English-American actress and singer (d. 1986)^[9]
• 1903 – John Chamberlain, American historian, journalist, and critic (d. 1995)
• 1903 – Evelyn Waugh, English journalist, author, and critic (d. 1966)^[9]
• 1904 – George Dangerfield, English-American historian, journalist, and author (d. 1986)
• 1905 – Tatyana Ehrenfest, Dutch mathematician (d. 1984)
• 1907 – John Hewitt, Irish poet, playwright, and critic (d. 1987)
• 1908 – Arturo Frondizi, Argentinian lawyer and politician, 32nd President of Argentina (d. 1995)
• 1909 – Francis Bacon, Irish painter and illustrator (d. 1992)^[9]
• 1912 – Richard Doll, English physiologist and epidemiologist (d. 2005)
• 1914 – Glenn Robert Davis, American lieutenant and politician (d. 1988)
• 1914 – Jonas Salk, American biologist and physician (d. 1995)^[9]
• 1914 – Richard Laurence Millington Synge, English biochemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1994)
• 1916 – Pearl Hackney, English actress (d. 2009)
• 1917 – Jack Soo, American actor and singer (d. 1979)
• 1919 – Walt Hansgen, American race car driver (d. 1966)
• 1919 – Hans Klenk, German race car driver (d. 2009)
• 1921 – Azumafuji Kin'ichi, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 40th Yokozuna (d. 1973)
• 1922 – Gershon Kingsley, German-American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2019)
• 1922 – Simon Muzenda, Zimbabwe politician, 1st Vice President of Zimbabwe (d. 2003)
• 1922 – Butch van Breda Kolff, American basketball player and coach (d. 2007)
• 1923 – John Connell, American actor (d. 2015)
• 1924 – Antonio Creus, Spanish race car driver and motorcycle racer (d. 1996)
• 1924 – Peddibhotla Suryakantam, Telugu actress (d. 1994)
• 1925 – Ian Hamilton Finlay, Bahamian-Scottish poet, sculptor, and gardener (d. 2006)
• 1926 – Bowie Kuhn, American lawyer and businessman, 5th Commissioner of Baseball (d. 2007)^[9]
• 1927 – Cleo Laine, English singer and actress^[10]
• 1928 – Ion Mihai Pacepa, Romanian general (d. 2021)
• 1928 – William Rodgers, Baron Rodgers of Quarry Bank, English politician, Shadow Secretary of State for Defence
• 1929 – Marcel Bozzuffi, French actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1988)
• 1929 – Virginia Held, American philosopher, author, and academic
• 1929 – John Hollander, American poet, critic, and educator (d. 2013)
• 1929 – Joan Plowright, English actress^[10]
• 1930 – Bernie Ecclestone, English businessman
• 1931 – Harold Battiste, American saxophonist, pianist, and composer (d. 2015)
• 1932 – Spyros Kyprianou, Cypriot lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Cyprus (d. 2002)
• 1932 – Suzy Parker, American model and actress (d. 2003)
• 1933 – Garrincha, Brazilian footballer (d. 1983)
• 1933 – Michael Noakes, English painter and illustrator (d. 2018)
• 1934 – Charles A. Gargano, American diplomat, businessman and government official
• 1935 – Alan Clarke, English director and screenwriter (d. 1990)
• 1936 – Charlie Daniels, American singer-songwriter, fiddle-player and guitarist (d. 2020)^[9]
• 1936 – Ted Hawkins, American soul-blues singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1995)
• 1937 – Graham Bond, English keyboard player, singer, and saxophonist (d. 1974)
• 1937 – Lenny Wilkens, American basketball player and coach^[9]
• 1938 – Keigo Abe, Japanese martial artist and coach
• 1938 – Kenneth Best, Liberian journalist, founded The Daily Observer
• 1938 – Howard Blake, English composer and conductor
• 1938 – Dave Budd, American basketball player
• 1938 – Gary Cowan, Canadian golfer
• 1938 – David Dimbleby, English journalist
• 1938 – Anne Perry, English author (d. 2023)
• 1939 – Jane Alexander, American actress and producer^[10]
• 1939 – Andy Bey, American singer and pianist
• 1939 – Miroslav Cerar, Slovenian gymnast and lawyer
• 1939 – Curtis Lee, American singer-songwriter (d. 2015)
• 1940 – Susan Harris, American screenwriter and producer
• 1941 – Hank Marvin, English singer and guitarist
• 1942 – Terence Donovan, English-Australian actor
• 1942 – Abdelkader Fréha, Algerian footballer (d. 2012)
• 1942 – Gillian Lovegrove, English computer scientist and academic
• 1942 – Kees Verkerk, Dutch speed skater
• 1943 – Jimmy McRae, Scottish race car driver
• 1943 – Karalyn Patterson, English psychologist and academic
• 1944 – Gerry Anderson, Irish radio and television host (d. 2014)
• 1944 – Coluche, French comedian and actor (d. 1986)
• 1944 – Dennis Franz, American actor^[10]
• 1944 – Anton Schlecker, German businessman, founded the Schlecker Company
• 1945 – Sandy Berger, American lawyer and politician, 19th United States National Security Advisor (d. 2015)
• 1945 – Wayne Fontana, English pop singer (d. 2020)^[11]
• 1945 – Don Iverson, American golfer
• 1946 – John Hewson, Australian economist and politician
• 1946 – Wim Jansen, Dutch footballer and manager (d. 2022)
• 1946 – Sharon Thesen, Canadian poet and academic
• 1948 – Telma Hopkins, American singer and actress^[10]
• 1949 – Dwight Davis, American basketball player^[12]
• 1949 – Caitlyn Jenner, American decathlete and actress^[9]
• 1950 – Sihem Bensedrine, Tunisian journalist and activist
• 1950 – Ludo Delcroix, Belgian cyclist
• 1951 – Peter Hitchens, English journalist and author
• 1951 – Joe R. Lansdale, American martial artist and author
• 1952 – Annie Potts, American actress^[10]
• 1953 – Pierre Boivin, Canadian businessman
• 1953 – Desmond Child, American musician, songwriter, and producer^[10]
• 1955 – Bill Gates, American businessman and philanthropist, co-founded Microsoft^[9]
• 1955 – Indra Nooyi, Indian-American businesswoman
• 1956 – Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Iranian engineer and politician, 6th President of Iran^[9]
• 1956 – Volker Zotz, Austrian philosopher, scholar, and author
• 1957 – Marian Bell, English economist and academic
• 1957 – Stephen Morris, English drummer^[10]
• 1957 – Zach Wamp, American businessman and politician
• 1958 – Concha García Campoy, Spanish journalist (d. 2013)
• 1958 – Ashok Chavan, Indian businessman and politician, 16th Chief Minister of Maharashtra
• 1958 – William Reid, Scottish singer-songwriter and guitarist^[10]
• 1959 – James Keelaghan, Canadian singer-songwriter and producer
• 1959 – Toshio Masuda, Japanese composer
• 1959 – Randy Wittman, American basketball player and coach
• 1960 – Landon Curt Noll, American computer scientist and mathematician
• 1962 – Erik Thorstvedt, Norwegian footballer and manager
• 1962 – Daphne Zuniga, American actress^[10]
• 1963 – Kevin Dineen, Canadian ice hockey player and coach^[13]
• 1963 – Lauren Holly, American actress^[10]
• 1963 – Sheryl Underwood, American comedian, actress, and talk show host^[10]
• 1964 – Andrew Bridgen, English soldier and politician
• 1964 – Peter Coyne, Australian rugby league player
• 1965 – Jami Gertz, American actress^[10]
• 1965 – David Warburton, English composer, businessman, and politician
• 1965 – Miyako Yoshida, Japanese ballerina
• 1966 – Steve Atwater, American football player
• 1966 – Chris Bauer, American actor^[10]
• 1966 – Matt Drudge, American blogger and activist, founded the Drudge Report
• 1966 – Andy Richter, American actor, producer, and screenwriter^[10]
• 1966 – Aris Spiliotopoulos, Greek politician, Greek Minister of Education and Religious Affairs
• 1967 – Kevin Macdonald, Scottish director, producer, and screenwriter
• 1967 – Julia Roberts, American actress and producer^[10]
• 1967 – John Romero, American video game designer, co-founded Id Software
• 1968 – Chris Broussard, American journalist and sportscaster
• 1968 – Marc Lièvremont, French rugby player and coach
• 1968 – Mayumi Ozaki, Japanese wrestler
• 1969 – Steven Chamuleau, Dutch cardiologist^[14]
• 1969 – Jeremy Davies, American actor^[10]
• 1969 – Javier Grillo-Marxuach, Puerto Rican screenwriter and producer
• 1969 – Ben Harper, American singer-songwriter and guitarist^[10]
• 1969 – Noriyoshi Omichi, Japanese baseball player and coach
• 1970 – Alan Peter Cayetano, Filipino politician and Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the Philippines
• 1970 – Greg Eagles, American voice actor and producer
• 1971 – Roxana Briban, Romanian soprano and actress (d. 2010)
• 1971 – Caroline Dinenage, English businesswoman and politician
• 1972 – Terrell Davis, American football player and sportscaster
• 1972 – Brad Paisley, American singer-songwriter and guitarist^[10]
• 1972 – Trista Sutter, American reality star
• 1973 – Montel Vontavious Porter, American wrestler and actor
• 1973 – Aleksandar Stanojević, Serbian footballer and manager
• 1974 – Braden Looper, American baseball player
• 1974 – Vicente Moreno, Spanish footballer and manager
• 1974 – Joaquin Phoenix, American actor and producer^[10]
• 1974 – Dejan Stefanović, Serbian footballer and coach
• 1974 – Dayanara Torres, Puerto Rican actress and singer, Miss Universe 1993
• 1976 – Keiron Cunningham, British rugby league player and coach
• 1976 – Martin Lepa, Estonian footballer
• 1976 – Simone Loria, Italian footballer
• 1978 – Gwendoline Christie, English actress^[10]
• 1978 – Justin Guarini, American singer-songwriter and actor^[10]
• 1979 – Olcay Çetinkaya, Turkish footballer
• 1979 – Jawed Karim, American computer scientist
• 1979 – Natina Reed, American rapper and actress (d. 2012)
• 1979 – Martin Škoula, Czech ice hockey player
• 1980 – Christy Hemme, American wrestler and ring announcer
• 1980 – Agnes Obel, Danish singer-songwriter and pianist
• 1980 – Alan Smith, English footballer and coach
• 1981 – Milan Baroš, Czech footballer
• 1981 – Shane Gore, English footballer
• 1981 – Nate McLouth, American baseball player
• 1981 – Nick Montgomery, English-Scottish footballer
• 1982 – Jeremy Bonderman, American baseball player
• 1982 – Enver Jääger, Estonian footballer
• 1982 – Anthony Lerew, American baseball player
• 1982 – Hironori Saruta, Japanese footballer
• 1982 – Matt Smith, English actor and director^[10]
• 1983 – Jarrett Jack, American basketball player
• 1983 – Kayo Noro, Japanese singer and actress
• 1983 – Joe Thomas, English actor and screenwriter
• 1984 – Bryn Evans, New Zealand rugby player
• 1984 – Obafemi Martins, Nigerian footballer
• 1984 – Finn Wittrock, American actor^[10]
• 1985 – Tyrone Barnett, English footballer
• 1985 – Troian Bellisario, American actress^[10]
• 1985 – Anthony Fantano, American music critic
• 1986 – May Calamawy, Egyptian-Palestinian actress^[15]
• 1986 – Isabelle Eriksson, Swedish athlete
• 1986 – Anthony Griffith, English footballer
• 1986 – Aki Toyosaki, Japanese voice actress and singer
• 1987 – Frank Ocean, American singer-songwriter^[10]
• 1988 – Edd Gould, English cartoonist and animator (d. 2012)
• 1988 – Devon Murray, Irish actor^[9]
• 1988 – Jamie xx, English musician, DJ, record producer and remixer
• 1989 – Devin Ebanks, American basketball player^[16]
• 1989 – Camille Muffat, French swimmer (d. 2015)
• 1991 – Lucy Bronze, English footballer
• 1992 – Lexi Ainsworth, American actress^[10]
• 1992 – Jeon Ji-hee, South Korean table tennis player^[17]
• 1992 – Maria Sergejeva, Estonian figure skater
• 1994 – Andrew Harrison, American basketball player^[18]
• 1995 – Glen Kamara, Finnish footballer
• 1995 – Jae'Sean Tate, American basketball player^[19]
• 1996 – Jasmine Jessica Anthony, American actress
• 1996 – Jack Eichel, American ice hockey player
• 1996 – Una Raymond-Hoey, Irish cricketer
• 1997 – Stetson Bennett, American football player^[20]
• 1997 – Taylor Fritz, American tennis player^[21]
• 1997 – Georgia Godwin, Australian artistic gymnast^[22]
• 1998 – Nolan Gould, American actor^[10]
• 2001 – Sonay Kartal, British tennis player^[23][24]

Deaths

Pre-1600

• 312 – Maxentius, Roman emperor (b. 278)
• 457 – Ibas of Edessa, Syrian bishop
• 816 – Beggo, count of Toulouse and Paris
• 875 – Remigius of Lyon, Frankish archbishop
• 1138 – King Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland
• 1225 – Jien, Japanese monk, historian, and poet (b. 1155)
• 1266 – Saint Arsenije I Sremac
• 1310 – Ecumenical Patriarch Athanasius I of Constantinople (b. 1230)
• 1312 – Elizabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany (b. 1262)
• 1412 – Margaret I of Denmark (b. 1353)^[25]
• 1468 – Bianca Maria Visconti, Duchess of Milan (b. 1425)
• 1568 – Ashikaga Yoshihide, Japanese shōgun (b. 1539)
• 1592 – Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Flemish diplomat
• 1594 – Ōkubo Tadayo, Japanese general (b. 1532)

1601–1900

• 1627 – Jahangir, Mughal Emperor of India (b. 1569)
• 1639 – Stefano Landi, Italian composer and educator (b. 1587)
• 1646 – William Dobson, English painter (b. 1610)
• 1661 – Agustín Moreto y Cavana, Spanish priest and playwright (b. 1618)
• 1676 – Jean Desmarets, French author, poet, and playwright (b. 1595)
• 1703 – John Wallis, English mathematician and cryptographer (b. 1616)
• 1704 – John Locke, English physician and philosopher (b. 1632)
• 1708 – Prince George of Denmark (b. 1653)
• 1716 – Stephen Fox, English politician (b. 1627)
• 1740 – Anna of Russia (b. 1693)
• 1754 – Friedrich von Hagedorn, German poet (b. 1708)
• 1755 – Joseph Bodin de Boismortier, French composer (b. 1689)
• 1763 – Heinrich von Brühl, German general and politician (b. 1700)
• 1768 – Michel Blavet, French flute player and composer (b. 1700)
• 1787 – Johann Karl August Musäus, German author (b. 1735)
• 1792 – Paul Möhring, German physician, botanist, and zoologist (b. 1710)
• 1792 – John Smeaton, English engineer, designed the Coldstream Bridge and Perth Bridge (b. 1724)
• 1800 – Artemas Ward, American general and politician (b. 1727)
• 1806 – Charlotte Turner Smith, English poet and author (b. 1749)
• 1818 – Abigail Adams, American writer and second First Lady of the United States (b. 1744)
• 1841 – Johan August Arfwedson, Swedish chemist and academic (b. 1792)
• 1857 – Louis-Eugène Cavaignac, French general and politician, 26th Prime Minister of France (b. 1802)
• 1877 – Robert Swinhoe, English ornithologist and entomologist (b. 1835)
• 1879 – Marie Roch Louis Reybaud, French economist and politician (b. 1799)
• 1899 – Ottmar Mergenthaler, German-American engineer, invented the Linotype machine (b. 1854)
• 1900 – Max Müller, German philologist and orientalist (b. 1823)

1901–present

• 1906 – Jean Benner, French artist (b. 1836)^[26]
• 1914 – Richard Heuberger, Austrian composer and critic (b. 1850)
• 1916 – Cleveland Abbe, American meteorologist and academic (b. 1838)
• 1916 – Oswald Boelcke, German WWI flying ace (b. 1891)
• 1917 – Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein (b. 1831)
• 1917 – Dimitrios Votsis, Greek lawyer and politician (b. 1841)
• 1918 – Ulisse Dini, Italian mathematician and politician (b. 1845)
• 1929 – Bernhard von Bülow, German soldier and politician, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1849)
• 1936 – Newton Moore, Australian soldier and politician, 8th Premier of Western Australia (b. 1870)
• 1939 – Alice Brady, American actress (b. 1892)
• 1941 – Filipp Goloshchyokin, Soviet politician (b. 1876)
• 1945 – Kesago Nakajima, Japanese general (b. 1881)
• 1952 – Billy Hughes, English-Australian politician, 7th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1862)^[27]
• 1957 – Ernst Gräfenberg, German-American physician and gynecologist (b. 1881)
• 1959 – Camilo Cienfuegos, Cuban soldier (b. 1932)
• 1963 – Mart Saar, Estonian organist and composer (b. 1882)
• 1965 – Thomas Graham Brown, Scottish mountaineer and physiologist (b. 1882)
• 1969 – Constance Dowling, American model and actress (b. 1920)
• 1970 – Baby Huey, American singer-songwriter (b. 1944)
• 1973 – Taha Hussein, Egyptian historian, author, and academic (b. 1889)
• 1973 – Sergio Tofano, Italian actor, director, and playwright (b. 1883)
• 1975 – Georges Carpentier, French boxer and actor (b. 1894)
• 1975 – Oliver Nelson, American saxophonist, clarinet player, and composer (b. 1932)
• 1976 – Aarne Juutilainen, Finnish army captain (b. 1904)^[28]
• 1978 – Rukmani Devi, Sri Lankan singer and actress (b. 1923)
• 1983 – Otto Messmer, American animator and screenwriter (b. 1892)
• 1986 – John Braine, English author (b. 1922)
• 1987 – André Masson, French soldier and painter (b. 1896)
• 1989 – Henry Hall, English bandleader, composer, and actor (b. 1898)
• 1993 – Juri Lotman, Russian-Estonian historian and scholar (b. 1922)
• 1997 – Paul Jarrico, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1915)
• 1998 – Ted Hughes, English poet and playwright (b. 1930)
• 1999 – Antonios Katinaris, Greek singer-songwriter (b. 1931)
• 2000 – Andújar Cedeño, Dominican baseball player (b. 1969)
• 2001 – Gerard Hengeveld, Dutch pianist, composer, and educator (b. 1910)
• 2002 – Margaret Booth, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1898)
• 2002 – Erling Persson, Swedish businessman, founded H&M (b. 1917)
• 2003 – Sally Baldwin, Scottish social sciences professor (b. 1940)^[29]
• 2004 – Eugene K. Bird, American colonel and author, US Commandant of Spandau Prison (b. 1926)
• 2005 – Bob Broeg, American soldier and journalist (b. 1918)
• 2005 – Raymond Hains, French photographer (b. 1926)
• 2005 – Tony Jackson, American basketball player (b. 1942)
• 2005 – Fernando Quejas, Cape Verdean-Portuguese singer-songwriter (b. 1922)
• 2005 – Richard Smalley, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1943)
• 2005 – Ljuba Tadić, Serbian actor and screenwriter (b. 1929)
• 2006 – Red Auerbach, American basketball player and coach (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Trevor Berbick, Jamaican-Canadian boxer (b. 1954)
• 2006 – Marijohn Wilkin, American guitarist and songwriter (b. 1920)
• 2007 – Takao Fujinami, Japanese lawyer and politician (b. 1932)
• 2007 – Porter Wagoner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1927)
• 2009 – Taylor Mitchell, Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1990)
• 2010 – Liang Congjie, Chinese historian and activist, founded Friends of Nature (b. 1932)
• 2010 – James MacArthur, American actor (b. 1937)
• 2010 – Jonathan Motzfeldt, Greenlandic politician, 1st Prime Minister of Greenland (b. 1938)
• 2010 – Ehud Netzer, Israeli archaeologist, architect, and educator (b. 1934)
• 2011 – Tom Addington, English soldier (b. 1919)
• 2012 – Gordon Bilney, Australian dentist and politician (b. 1939)
• 2012 – John Cheffers, Australian footballer and coach (b. 1936)
• 2012 – Jack Dellal, English businessman (b. 1923)
• 2013 – Tetsuharu Kawakami, Japanese baseball player and manager (b. 1920)
• 2013 – Tadeusz Mazowiecki, Polish journalist and politician, Prime Minister of Poland (b. 1927)
• 2013 – Aleksandar Tijanić, Serbian journalist (b. 1949)
• 2013 – Rajendra Yadav, Indian author (b. 1929)
• 2014 – Galway Kinnell, American poet and academic (b. 1927)
• 2014 – Michael Sata, Zambian police officer and politician, 5th President of Zambia (b. 1937)
• 2018 – Colin Sylvia, Australian rules footballer (b. 1985)
• 2022 – Jerry Lee Lewis, American singer-songwriter and pianist (b. 1935)^[30]
• 2023 – Matthew Perry, American-Canadian actor (b. 1969)^[31]
• 2023 – Adam Johnson (ice hockey), American ice hockey player (b. 1994)^[32]

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day:
  • Abdias of Babylon
  • Abgar V of Edessa (Eastern Orthodox Church)
  • Eadsige
  • Faro
  • Fidelis of Como (Roman Catholic Church)
  • Firmilian
  • Godwin of Stavelot
  • Job of Pochayiv (repose) (Eastern Orthodox Church)
  • The Apostles Simon and Jude (Western Christianity)
  • Lord of Miracles (Lima)
  • October 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Day of the Establishment of an Independent Czecho-Slovak State, celebrates the independence of Czechoslovakia from Austria-Hungary in 1918. (Czech Republic and Slovakia)
• International Animation Day (ASIFA)
• Ohi Day (Greece, Cyprus and the Greek communities), a national day in Greece.
• Prefectural Earthquake Disaster Prevention Day (Gifu Prefecture)
• Youth Pledge Day or Hari Sumpah Pemuda (Indonesia)
• Anniversary of the liberation of Ukraine from the Nazis, celebrating the liberation from Nazi German troops of the territory of current Ukraine