In Greek mythology, Oicles or Oecles (/ˈɛkliːz/; Ancient Greek: Οἰκλῆς), also Oicleus or Oecleus (/ˈɛkljuːs/; Οἰκλεύς), was the father of the seer Amphiaraus. He accompanied Heracles on his campaign against Troy.[1]

Family

According to Homer's Odyssey, Oicles was the son of Antiphates, who was the son of Melampus.[2] Diodorus Siculus adds that Oicles' mother was Zeuxippe, the daughter Hippocoon.[3] According to the Catalogue of Women, Oicles wed "Godly" Hypermnestra and together they had Amphiaraus "leader of the people", the "lovely" Iphianeira, and Endeos "lord of men",[4] while according to Diodorus, the children were Amphiaraus, Iphianeira, and Polyboea.[5]

Mythology

Oicles accompanied Heracles in his campaign against Troy. Upon arriving at the Troad, Oicles was put in charge of guarding the expedition's ships, while Heracles left with the main force to attack the city. Oicles' company was attacked by Laomedon the king of Troy, who was attempting to burn the invaders ships. Oicles was killed by Laomedon, but his men were able to save the ships by taking them out to sea.[6] The tragedian Sophocles, possibly wrote a play titled Oicles, which dealt with this story.[7]

By some accounts, Oicles lived for a time in Arcadia. According to the mythographer Apollodorus, after the capture of Thebes by the Epigoni, Oicles was visited there by his grandson Alcmaeon, the son of Ampiaraus.[8] Pausanias reports seeing what was said to be the tomb of Oicles near Megalopolis in Arcadia.[9]

Notes

  1. ^ Hard, pp. p. 276, p. 327, p. 333, p. 413, p. 429, p. 706; Gantz, pp. 188, 318, 443; Grimal, s.v. Oecles; Tripp, s.v. Oicles; Parada, s.v. Oicles; Oxford Classical Dictionary, s.v. OECLES.
  2. ^ Hard, p. 333, p. 429, p. 706; Gantz, p. 118; Parada, s.v. Oicles; Homer, Odyssey 15.225–247. According to the geographer Pausanias, 6.17.6, Oicles was the son of Mantius the son of Melampus. According to Odyssey 242, Mantius was the younger brother of Antiphates.
  3. ^ Parada, s.v. Oicles; Diodorus Siculus, 4.68.5.
  4. ^ Gantz, p. 318; Hard, p. 413; Hesiod fr. 22.34–40 Most [= Hesiod fr. 25.34–40 MW]. Compare with Diodorus Siculus, 4.68.5 and Hyginus, Fabulae 73, which add that Hypermnestra was the daughter of Thestius (or Thespius?). For Hypermnestra as the daughter of Thestius see Hard, p. 413; Apollodorus, 1.7.10.
  5. ^ Gantz, p. 318; Diodorus Siculus, 4.68.5. For Oicles as the father of Amphiaraus, see also Homer, Odyssey 15.244; Bacchylides, 9.15; Pindar, Nemean 9.17, Olympian 6.13, Pythian :8.39; Diodorus Siculus, 4.32.3; Hyginus, Fabulae 70, 73; Apollodorus, 1.8.2; Pausanias, 8.36.6.
  6. ^ Hard, p. 276; Gantz, p. 443; Diodorus Siculus, 4.32.3 (which calls this Oicles the son of Amphiaraus); Apollodorus, 2.6.4.
  7. ^ Gantz, p. 442; Frazer's note 2 to Apollodorus, 2.6.4.
  8. ^ Hard, p. 327; Apollodorus, 3.7.5. This visit of Alcmaeon is chronologically incompatible with Oicles having been killed by Laomedon during Heracles expedition to Troy, see Grimal, s.v. Oecles.
  9. ^ Frazer's note 2 to Apollodorus, 2.6.4; Pausanias, 8.36.6: "Next is the tomb of Oicles, the father of Amphiaraus, if indeed he met his end in Arcadia, and not after he had joined Heracles in his campaign against Laomedon".

References

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