Settlements located in the current area of Okulovsky district were first mentioned in chronicles in 1495 as belonging to Derevskaya pyatina.[3] However, the settlement of Okulovka has only been known since 1851 and appeared in connection with the construction of the Nikolayevskaya Railway which connected Moscow and St. Petersburg.[citation needed] Okulovka developed first as a settlement serving the railway stations and eventually industries proliferated.[3] It initially was a part of Borovichsky Uyezd in Novgorod Governorate. In the beginning of the 20th century, it was the administrative center of Okulovskaya Volost of Malovishersky Uyezd in Novgorod Governorate.
In August 1927, the uyezds were abolished and, effective October 1, 1927, Okulovsky District was established, with the administrative center in Okulovka.[12] Novgorod Governorate was abolished as well and the district became a part of Borovichi Okrug of Leningrad Oblast.[12] Okulovka was granted urban-type settlement status on June 25, 1928.[12] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[12] During World War II, Okulovsky District was not occupied by German troops; however, being adjacent to the front line, Okulovka played an important role.[3] On July 5, 1944, Okulovsky District was transferred to newly established Novgorod Oblast and remained there ever since.[13] On January 12, 1965, the urban-type settlements of Okulovka and Parakhino-Poddubye were merged to form the town of Okulovka, which became the administrative center of Okulovsky District.[3]
There are three big factories in Okulovka, producing wire, electronics, and furniture. There are also smaller-scale enterprises of textile industry and of food industry.[14]
Transportation
Okulovka is an important station on the Moscow–St. Petersburg Railway, the first long-distance railway constructed in Russia, opened in 1851 and built as a straight line. Another line to Nebolchi via Lyubytino branches off to the northeast. Okulovka is a terminal station for suburban trains, which leave in three directions: to Bologoye, Malaya Vishera, and Nebolchi. Most of the long-distance trains call at Okulovka as well.
The historical building of the railway station was demolished in 2003 under the pretext of the construction of the speed rail tracks for the Sapsan train. Money was allocated for the construction of the new station building, but as of 2011, the construction did not start.[15]
Okulovka is connected by roads with Borovichi, Tikhvin (via Lyubytino), Bologoye via (Lykoshino), and Kresttsy. There are also local roads.
Okulovka contains twenty-nine cultural heritage monuments of local significance.[16] These include pre-1917 houses and workshops, monuments to fallen soldiers, and one archaeological site.
Okulovka is home to the Miklukho-Maklay Okulovka District Museum.[17] It is named after Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay, a Russian ethnographer notable for his studies of indigenous population of Papua. Miklouho-Maclay was born on the territory of what now is Okulovsky District, where his father, a construction engineer, was involved in the railroad construction.
George de Roerich was born in Okulovka in August 1902. Later George became a scientist, orientalist, and guru.[18] He is known for his contributions to Tibetan dialectology, his monumental translation of the Blue Annals, and his 11-volume Tibetan-Russian-English dictionary with Sanskrit parallels.[19] After spending almost 30 years in India George returned in 1957 to Russia.[20]
Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №559-ОЗ от 11 ноября 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Новгородской области», в ред. Областного закона №730-ОЗ от 26 февраля 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Областной закон "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Новгородской области"». Вступил в силу 1 января 2006 г. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №75, 23 ноября 2005 г. (Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #559-OZ of November 11, 2005 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast, as amended by the Oblast Law #730-OZ of February 26, 2015 On Amending the Oblast Law "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast". Effective as of January 1, 2006.).
Администрация Новгородской области. Постановление №121 от 8 апреля 2008 г. «Об реестре административно-территориального устройства области», в ред. Постановления №408 от 4 августа 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориального устройства области». Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №49–50, 16 апреля 2008 г. (Administration of Novgorod Oblast. Resolution #121 of April 8, 2008 On the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #408 of August 4, 2014 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Novgorod Oblast. ).
Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №284-ОЗ от 7 июня 2004 г. «О наделении сельских районов и города Великий Новгород статусом муниципальных районов и городского округа Новгородской области и утверждении границ их территорий», в ред. Областного закона №802-ОЗ от 31 августа 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в некоторые областные Законы, устанавливающие границы муниципальных образований». Вступил в силу со дня, следующего за днём официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №86, 22 июня 2004 г. (Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #284-OZ of June 7, 2004 On Granting the Status of Municipal Districts and Urban Okrug of Novgorod Oblast to the Rural Districts and the City of Veliky Novgorod and on Establishing the Borders of Their Territories, as amended by the Oblast Law #802-OZ of August 31, 2015 On Amending Various Oblast Laws Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations. Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication.).
Новгородская областная Дума. Областной закон №355-ОЗ от 2 декабря 2004 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории Окуловского муниципального района, наделении их статусом городских и сельских поселений, определении административных центров и перечня населённых пунктов, входящих в состав территорий поселений», в ред. Областного закона №358-ОЗ от 28 октября 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в областной Закон "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории Окуловского муниципального района, наделении их статусом городских и сельских поселений, определении административных центров и перечня населённых пунктов, входящих в состав территорий поселений"». Вступил в силу со дня, следующего за днём официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Новгородские ведомости", №82, 15 декабря 2004 г. (Novgorod Oblast Duma. Oblast Law #355-OZ of December 2, 2004 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Within the Territory of Okulovsky Municipal District, on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements, on Establishing Their Administrative Centers, and on Compiling the Lists of Inhabited Localities Within the Settlement Territories, as amended by the Oblast Law #358-OZ of October 28, 2013 On Amending the Oblast Law "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Within the Territory of Okulovsky Municipal District, on Granting Them the Status of Urban and Rural Settlements, on Establishing Their Administrative Centers, and on Compiling the Lists of Inhabited Localities Within the Settlement Territories". Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication.).
[8])