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((more citations needed|date=November 2009))
((Use dmy dates|date=December 2023))
((Use British English|date=December 2012))
((Infobox military operation
 |name          = Operation Matador (1941)
 |partof        = the [[Second World War]]
 |subtitle      = 
 |image         = File:Pacific War - Malaya 1941-42 - Map.jpg
 |image_upright = 
 |alt           = 
 |caption       = Map showing the Japanese invasion of Malaya
 |scope         = 
 |type          = 
 |location      = Malaya and Thailand
 |location2     = <!-- 2 through 10 for more locations -->
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 |coordinates2  = <!-- 2 through 10 for more locations -->
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 |map_label2    = <!-- 2 through 10 for more locations -->
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 |date          = <!-- ((start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y)) --> 
 |time          = 
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 |time-end      = 
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 |executed_by   = 
 |outcome       = Cancelled
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))
((Campaignbox Malaya))
((Campaignbox Pacific 1941))
((Campaignbox South-East Asia))
'''Operation Matador''' was a military contingency plan of the British [[Malaya Command]] to move troops into southern [[Thailand]] to counter a Japanese amphibious attack on [[British Malaya]]. The plan was never implemented.

==Background==
In 1937, Major-General [[William Dobbie]], Officer Commanding Malaya (1935–1939), looked at Malaya's defences and reported that during the monsoon season, from October to March, landings could be made by an enemy on the east coast and bases could be established in [[Siam]] (Thailand). He predicted that landings could be made at [[Songkhla]] and [[Pattani (town)|Pattani]] in Siam and [[Kota Bharu]] in Malaya. He recommended large reinforcements to be sent immediately. His predictions turned out to be correct but his recommendations were ignored.

==Prelude==

In August 1941, the Commander-in-Chief (CinC) of [[British Far East Command|Far East Command]] Air Chief Marshal [[Robert Brooke-Popham]] submitted a plan with the code-name Matador, to London for approval (PRO record FO 371/28163). The plan relied on the assumption that the Japanese would land on the east coast of Siam at Songkhla and Pattani, then advance south to Jitra and Kroh. It was envisaged that two forces could intercept them just over the border in Thailand, long enough for the main force to assemble and attack. There were several problems with the plan; In January 1941, a request for additional resources that the plan intended to use remained unfulfilled and the previous year Sir [[Josiah Cosby]], the British Ambassador in Siam, signed a non-aggression pact with [[Luang Phibunsongkhram]], the Prime Minister of Siam.

On 5 December 1941, when a Japanese invasion became likely, the plan was modified to use the forces available. It was to be put into action as soon as an attack was imminent. If a country attacked or was invited into Siam, troops under British command would rush to Songkhla and defend it against a seaborne attack. This job was allocated to [[11th Infantry Indian Division]] (Major-General [[Murray-Lyon]]) who also had to defend [[Jitra]]. These two tasks over-stretched his resources and made his objectives difficult to accomplish.

On 5 December, London gave permission for the C-in-C Far East Command to decide if Operation Matador should begin. The primary strategic decision to be decided upon, was whether a forestalling move should be launched on Siam before the Japanese landed. Malaya Command was responsible for the detailed planning of Operation Matador and on 6 December 1941 it had reworked the plan and allocated forces for immediate deployment. That evening, in a meeting with the Governor, Sir [[Shenton Thomas]], and Brooke-Popham, the General Officer Commanding Malaya [[Arthur Percival]] recommended that a forestalling attack was premature.

==Aftermath==
If Matador had been implemented the Japanese had contingency plans to counter a likely British counter-move. They would use the Bangkok airport and the airfields of Southern Siam to establish air superiority and then invade from the [[Kra Isthmus]].((citation needed|date=April 2020))

==Naval Matador==
There was a second Matador plan of the Royal Navy to defend Singapore.

==See also==
* [[Japanese Invasion of Thailand]]
* [[Japanese Invasion of Malaya]]
* [[Operation Krohcol]] – British military response to the Japanese that was carried out instead of Matador

==Bibliography==
* ((cite book |series=Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Series 1 – Army |volume=IV |title=The Japanese Thrust: Part I: The Road to War |chapter=Chapter 6: Awaiting the First Blow |pages=87–117 |year=1957 |last=Wigmore |first=Lionel |publisher=[[Australian War Memorial]] |location=Canberra, ACT |edition=1st (online scan) |chapter-url=https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/RCDIG1070101/ |accessdate=26 September 2020 |id=RCDIG1070101 |oclc=464084033))
* ((cite book |last1=Woodburn-Kirby |first1=S. |authorlink1=Stanley Kirby |last2=Addis |first2=C. T. |last3=Meiklehohn |first3=J. F. |last4=Wards |first4=G. T. |last5=Desoer |first5=N. L. |editor-link1=J. R. M. Butler |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |year=2004 |orig-year=1957 |series=History of the Second World War United Kingdom Military Series |title=The War Against Japan: The Loss of Singapore |volume=I |publisher=[[HMSO]] |location=London |edition=pbk. facs. Naval & Military Press, Uckfield |isbn=978-1-84574-060-3))

==External links==
* [http://www.fepow-community.org.uk/arthur_lane/Percivals_Report/html/opening_of_hostilities.htm Report by Percival]

[[Category:British Malaya in World War II]]
[[Category:Cancelled invasions|Matador]]
[[Category:Military history of Malaya during World War II]]
[[Category:Military history of Singapore during World War II]]
[[Category:Thailand in World War II]]
[[Category:1941 in British Malaya]]

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