- ^ a b Hieronymussen, Paul (1967). Orders and Decorations of Europe in Color. New York: Macmillan Company. p. 15.
| Exclusively for women: |
|  |
|---|---|---|
| Included a class for women: |
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Orders of chivalry for women, orders of knighthood for women or ladies orders are orders of chivalry reserved solely for women. These knighthoods for women made their first appearance in 1600, and have been less numerous than traditional knighthoods reserved for men.[1]
Though many kingdoms, such as Great Britain or the Netherlands, allow both men and women to be invested with the same orders of knighthood, orders in other kingdoms were exclusive for men. Several of these kingdoms eventually established orders for the exclusive membership of women. Tradition frequently called upon the reigning queen or empress, queen or empress consort to serve as the Grand Mistress of their respective all-female, royal or imperial orders. In other cases, the king or emperor is the sole male member of the order, acting in his role as the sovereign or master of all orders established and conferred within his kingdom or empire. A high number of female orders existed in Germany, Austria and Russia.
The following list of orders that were established for the sole or primary membership of women:
Bavaria
Prussia
Saxony
Württemberg