Orion 1 or Orion-1 may refer to:

• Exploration Flight Test-1, the first test launch of the Orion space capsule in 2014
• Orión (rocket), a sounding rocket prototype from Argentina, launched in 1965 and 1966
• Orion (space telescope), a space telescope flown in 1971 aboard the Salyut 1 space station
• Orion 1, a communications satellite launched in 1994, later renamed Telstar 11
• Mission Orion 1, a cancelled Constellation program