Oster
Остер
City
Saint Michael's Church
Saint Michael's Church
Official seal of Oster
Seal
Oster is located in Chernihiv Oblast
Oster
Oster
Oster is located in Ukraine
Oster
Oster
Coordinates: 50°56′55″N 30°52′52″E / 50.94861°N 30.88111°E / 50.94861; 30.88111
Country Ukraine
OblastChernihiv Oblast
RaionChernihiv Raion
First mentioned1098
Magdeburg rights1662
Area
 • Total76 km2 (29 sq mi)
Elevation
111 m (364 ft)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total5,564

Oster (Ukrainian: Осте́р, IPA: [osˈtɛr]; Russian: Остёр, romanized: Ostyor) is a city in Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine. It is located where the Oster River flows into the Desna. Oster hosts the administration of Oster urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] Its population is 5,564 (2022 estimate).[2]

Today Oster is a river port with a cotton-textile factory and a food industry. Some parts of the old fortress in Oster have been preserved, as have the remains of the Saint Michael's Church, constructed in 1098 and the only preserved church of the medieval principality of Pereiaslav.

Ancient fresco in the Saint Michael's Church (a.k.a. Yurii's Temple) dating back to the turn of the 12th century.

History

Oster was founded in 1098 by Vladimir II Monomakh as Gorodets, a fortress belonging to the Pereiaslav principality, which was later inherited by his son Yuri Dolgorukiy. In 1240, it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion, after which it remained in ruins for a century. After the destruction of the fort, a village was built in its place, named Stary Oster or Starogorodkaya. In the beginning of the 14th century, a newer settlement arose closer to the Desna, named Oster.

From 1356 Oster was under control of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and from 1569 under the Union of Lublin which was part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In 1648, it became part of an uyezd (county) of the Pereiaslav regiment. From 1654, Oster was under control of Russia. In 1622, King Jan II Casimir granted Oster the Magdeburg rights and a coat of arms. After harsh battles of the Khmelnytsky Uprising, Polish rule was again established in Oster, but in February 1664, with support from the local population, the Poles were driven back by Cossacks and the Russians. In 1803, the city became an uyezd center of Chernigov Governorate.

Until 18 July 2020, Oster belonged to Kozelets Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast to five. The area of Kozelets Raion was merged into Chernihiv Raion.[3][4]

References

  1. ^ "Остерская громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
  2. ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  3. ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
  4. ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
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