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((Refimprove|date=August 2012))
An '''outfall''' is the discharge point of a waste stream into a body of water; alternatively it may be the outlet of a [[river]], [[Drainage|drain]] or a [[sanitary sewer|sewer]] where it discharges into the [[sea]], a [[lake]] or ocean.

==United States of America==
In the United States, industrial facilities that discharge storm water which was exposed to industrial activities at the site  are required to have a multi-sector general permit.<ref name="CFR Section 122.26">((cite web |title=Request Access |url=https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-40/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-122/subpart-B/section-122.26 |website=unblock.federalregister.gov |publisher=Code of Federal Regulations |access-date=12 July 2023))</ref>  Issuing permits for storm water is delegated to the individual states that are authorized by the [[United States Environmental Protection Agency|Environmental Protection Agency]] (EPA). Facilities that apply for a permit must specify the number of outfalls at the site.  According to the EPA's ''Multi-Sector General Permit For Stormwater Discharges Associated With Industrial Activity'', outfalls are locations where the stormwater exits the facility, including pipes, ditches, swales, and other structures that transport stormwater. If there is more than one outfall present, measure at the primary outfall (i.e., the outfall with the largest volume of stormwater discharge associated with industrial activity).<ref name="MSGP">((cite book |title=Multi-Sector General Permit For Stormwater Discharges Associated With Industrial Activity|date=2009 |publisher=United States Environmental Protection Agency |location=Washington |url=https://www3.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/msgp2008_finalpermit.pdf |access-date=12 July 2023))</ref>

Outfalls from sewage plants can be up to ((convert|20|ft|m)) in diameter and release ((convert|4000|USgal/s|m3/h)) of treated human waste, only miles from the shore.

A [[wastewater]] treatment system discharges treated effluent to a water body from an outfall. An [[ocean outfall]] may be conveyed several miles offshore, to discharge by [[nozzle]]s at the end of a spreader or T-shaped structure. Outfalls may also be constructed as an outfall tunnel or subsea tunnel and discharge effluent to the ocean via one or more marine risers with nozzles.

==See also==
* [[Combined sewer]]
* [[Greywater]]
* [[Marine outfall]]
* [[Night soil]]
* [[River mouth]]

== References ==
((reflist))

((Sewerage))

[[Category:Sewerage infrastructure]]

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