Karafuto, a portion of the island of Sakhalin north of Hokkaido (not shown on the map), was part of Japan from 1907 until World War II. The entire island is now governed by Russia.
^The Emperor has no executive authority, but is treated as a head of state under diplomatic protocol
^While the Yamato period (250–710 CE) is considered to include both the Kofun and Asuka periods, as it spans both an archaeological period (Kofun) and a historical period (Asuka), it is held by many to be an outdated period of division in Japan's history, and no longer applicable in discussions of period division.
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