PICAXE is a microcontroller system based on a range of Microchip PIC microcontrollers. PICAXE devices are Microchip PIC devices with pre-programmed firmware that enables bootloading of code directly from a PC, simplifying hobbyist embedded development (not unlike the Arduino and Parallax BASIC Stamp systems). PICAXE devices have been produced by Revolution Education (Rev-Ed) since 1999.[citation needed]
There are currently six (6) PICAXE variants of differing pin counts (8-14-18-20-28-40) and are available as DIL and SMD.[1]
PICAXE microcontrollers are pre-programmed with an interpreter[2] similar to the BASIC Stamp but using internal EEPROM instead, thus reducing cost. This also allows downloads to be made with a simple serial connection which eliminates the need for a PIC programmer.[3] PICAXE is programmed using an RS-232 serial cable[4] or a USB cable[5] which connects a computer to the download circuit, which normally uses a 3.5 mm jack and two resistors.[6]
PICAXE microcontrollers are programmed using BASIC.[7]
The PICAXE interpreter features bit-banged communications:
The "readtemp" command reads the temperature from a DS18B20 temperature sensor and converts it into Celsius.[15]
All current PICAXEs have commands for using hardware features of the underlying PIC microcontrollers:
All current PICAXE chips have at least 2048 bytes of on board program memory available for user programs:[1]
The default clock speed for all M2 and X1 parts is 4 MHz and for the X2 parts is 8 MHz.
The SETFREQ command allows speeds from 31 kHz up to 8 MHz for X1 parts, 31 kHz up to 32 MHz for M2 parts and 31 kHz up to 16 MHz for X2 parts (up to 64 MHz for the 20X2) using the internal resonator.
An external resonator can be used with the X1 parts for from 4 MHz to 20 MHz clock speeds and with the X2 parts for 16 MHz to 64 MHz clock speeds.[28]
Project boards for different applications are sold[29] by Rev-Ed which contain the PICAXE, download circuit and may also contain a prototyping area[30] or high power output drivers.[31]
Revolution Education develop software for writing programs for PICAXE.
PICAXE Programming Editor is a Windows-only IDE for writing PICAXE programs in BASIC code or a simple flowchart.
PICAXE Programming Editor features:[32]
AXEpad is a cross-platform application recommended for Linux and Mac users.[33] It lacks some of Programming Editor's wizards, simulation and MDI.
Logicator is an easy to use shareware flowcharting program.[34] The Logicator web page is out of date as the free version does support all commands but shows nag screens.
PICAXE Programming Editor 6, the successor to PICAXE Programming Editor 5, has Logicator flowcharting merged into it so separate Logicator software is no longer required.[35] Like PICAXE Programming Editor 5, PICAXE Programming Editor 6 is freeware.
Yenka is a program developed by Crocodile Clips Ltd which has flowcharts and simulation.[36]
Many companies and organizations have put out their own editors with special features. Some include language translators or serial connectors, so there is a wide variety of consoles to be used.[citation needed]
Support is available at the Technical Support section of the PICAXE website and at the PICAXE Forum.[37]
The PICAXE Forum has a finished projects section where completed projects and PICAXE programs are posted,[38] plus there is a similar section on the PICAXE website.[39]