PSLV-C1

Model of the PSLV rocket
Mission type	Deployment of one satellite
Operator	ISRO
Website	ISRO website
Mission duration	1090.52 seconds
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft	Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle
Spacecraft type	Launch vehicle
Manufacturer	ISRO
Launch mass	294,000 kg (648,000 lb)
Payload mass	1,250 kg (2,760 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date	29 September 1997, 04:47 UTC
Rocket	PSLV
Launch site	Sriharikota Launching Range
Contractor	ISRO
Orbital parameters
Reference system	Geocentric orbit
Regime	Sun-synchronous orbit
Inclination	98.7°
Payload
IRS-1D
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle missions ← PSLV-D3 PSLV-C2 →

PSLV-C1 was the overall fourth mission of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) program by Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). The vehicle carried IRS-1D satellite which was deployed in the Sun-synchronous orbit (SSO).^[1][2][3][4] This was India's first launch vehicle built without Russian assistance and PSLV's first operational flight placed IRS-1D into a polar orbit. However, it could not place the satellite in the desired circular orbit but in an elliptical orbit due to a leak of helium gas from one of the components. The mission was termed partial failure since the satellite could not be placed at the desired altitude.^[5][6]

Mission parameters

• Mass:
  • Total liftoff weight: 294,000 kg (648,000 lb)
  • Payload weight: 1,250 kg (2,760 lb)

• Overall height: 44.4 m (146 ft)

• Propellant:
  • Stage 1: Solid HTPB based
  • Stage 2: Liquid UH 25 + N₂O₄
  • Stage 3: Solid HTPB based
  • Stage 4: Liquid MMH + MON-3

• Altitude: 826 km (513 mi)

• Maximum velocity: 7,436 m/s (24,400 ft/s) (recorded at time of fourth stage cut-off)

• Inclination: 98.7°

• Period: 1090.52 seconds ^[2]

Launch

PSLV-C1 was launched at 04:47 UTC on 29 September 1997 from Satish Dhawan Space Centre (then called "Sriharikota Launching Range"). The vehicle placed the IRS-1D satellite in the Sun-synchronous orbit.^{[1][2][3][4][5]}