Palatine (Irish: Na Cnoic Arda)^[1][2] is a village in County Carlow, Ireland. It lies mostly within the townlands of Knockarda and Killyshane, close to the County Kildare border. Its unusual English name bears no relation to its original Irish name, Na Cnoic Arda, which roughly translates as 'high hills'.

"Palatinetown" is mentioned in A Topographical Dictionary of Ireland by Samuel Lewis, 1837:^[3]

PALATINETOWN, a hamlet, in the parish of URGLIN, barony and county of CARLOW, and province of LEINSTER, 23⁄4 miles (N. E.) from Carlow, on the road to Castledermot; containing 88 inhabitants. It is said to derive its name from a colony of German refugees, who were driven from their native country, and settled here, in the reign of Louis XIV. The Rt. Hon. B. Burton obtained a patent for four fairs, of which that on the 26th of March is the only one at present held. A constabulary police force is stationed in the village.