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((other uses|Pali (disambiguation)))
((more citations needed|date=June 2021))
((Use dmy dates|date = September 2019))
((Use Indian English|date = September 2019))
((Infobox settlement
| name                            = Pali
| native_name                     = 
| native_name_lang                = Awadhi-Kannauji
| settlement_type                 = Town
| image_skyline                   = 
| image_alt                       = 
| image_caption                   = 
| pushpin_map                     = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position          = right
| pushpin_map_alt                 = 
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location in Uttar Pradesh
| coordinates                     = ((coord|27.42|N|80.12|E|display=inline,title))
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = ((flag|India))
| subdivision_type1               = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Hardoi district|Hardoi]]
| established_title               = <!-- Established -->
| established_date                = 
| founder                         = Kings of Pal dynasty((Citation needed|date=September 2019))
| named_for                       = 
| government_type                 = 
| governing_body                  = 
| unit_pref                       = Metric
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="Census 2011"/>
| area_rank                       = 
| area_total_km2                  = 5.7
| elevation_footnotes             = 
| elevation_m                     = 
| population_total                = 18708
| population_as_of                = 2011
| population_rank                 = 
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_demonym              = 
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="Census 2011"/>
| demographics_type1              = Languages
| demographics1_title1            = Official
| demographics1_info1             = [[Hindi]], [[Urdu]], [[English language|English]]
| timezone1                       = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1                     = +5:30
| postal_code_type                = <!-- [[Postal Index Number|241123]] -->
| postal_code                     = 241123
| registration_plate              = UP- 30
| website                         = 
| footnotes                       =
))
'''Pali''' is a town and [[nagar panchayat]] in [[Sawayajpur]] tehsil of [[Hardoi district]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]].<ref name="Census 2011">((cite web |title=Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Hardoi, Part A (Village and Town Directory) |pages=15–16, 32–52, 578–82, 589 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/09/0924_PART_A_DCHB_HARDOI.pdf |website=Census 2011 India|access-date=24 June 2021))</ref> It is on the right bank of the Garra river, 20 miles northwest of [[Hardoi]], Pali historically served as the seat of a [[pargana]] and was a regional political headquarters under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]].<ref name="Gazetteer">((cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H.R. |title=Hardoi - A Gazetteer |date=1904 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=232–6 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.48076 |access-date=24 June 2021))</ref> The town's name is possibly connected to the [[Pala Empire|Pal dynasty]] that once ruled the nearby city of [[Kannauj]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> As of 2011, the population of Pali is 18,708 in 2,949 households.<ref name="Census 2011"/>

==History==
In early times,((When|date=January 2022)) Pali was ruled by the [[Thathera]]s, who inhabited the large ruined site called Sandikhera to the west of the modern town.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The site was then conquered by Raja Satan, the Sombansi ruler of Satannagar (now [[Sandi, Uttar Pradesh|Sandi]]).<ref name="Gazetteer"/> His son, Raja Harhar (also called Sheosal Deo), granted the place to a family of Gabrs or Kisans who held the office of mace-bearer at his court.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> However, they rebelled, and Harhar sought assistance to defeat them.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> He sent his [[purohit]], Gyan Pande, to the Muslim garrison at Kannauj, where Gyan Pande's brother served as a [[risaldar]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> An army was sent under the command of Sheikh [[Mohyeddin|Mohi-ud-Din]] Usmani, the son of Haji Salar, to assist Harhar.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> They were successful, and as a reward, Gyan Pande, his brother, and Sheikh [[Mohyeddin|Mohi-ud-Din]] were each granted 500 [[bigha]]s of land rent-free.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The three of them cleared away a forested area by the riverbank and founded the present town of Pali, with the Hindu Brahmins in the north and the Muslim Sheikhs in the south.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> According to the traditional account, this happened at the end of the 12th century.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

According to the qanungos of Pali, the town had served as the seat of a [[pargana]] ever since the Muslim conquest.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The pargana existed since the time of [[Humayun]] in the 1500s, and it was later listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> The pargana then was much larger — it also included the entire later parganas of [[Shahabad, Hardoi|Shahabad]] and Pachhoha, as well as parts of Saromannagar and Katiari.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

Under the [[Nawabs of Awadh]], Pali served as the headquarters of the ''naib'' of the Sandi-Pali [[Chakla (administrative division)|chakla]].<ref name="Gazetteer"/> It lost this administrative significance under the British, and the Muslim neighbourhoods declined.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

At the turn of the 20th century, Pali was described as a picturesque town with groves of [[mango]] trees all along its western outskirts.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> It consisted of four [[mohalla]]s at the time: Qazi Sarai, inhabited by the Sheikhs; Maghrabi, inhabited by Pathans; the mohalla of the Maliks and Pathans; and the Hindu town, where Pande Brahmins predominated.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> There were seven mosques and four Hindu temples; one of the mosques had been recently built by Risaldar Imtiaz Ali and featured "very showy, florid" architecture.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> Pali had a police station, a cattle pound, a post office, and an inspection bungalow, along with an upper primary school with 105 students and a military encampment west of the road outside the town.<ref name="Gazetteer"/> 

== Demographics ==
((historical populations
| align = right
| source = 2011 Census of India<ref name="Census 2011"/>
| 1901 | 4776
| 1911 | 5062
| 1921 | 4712
| 1931 | 4920
| 1941 | 5511
| 1951 | 5440
| 1961 | Not given
| 1971 | Not given
| 1981 | 8994
| 1991 | 12279
| 2001 | 15527
| 2011 | 18708
))
As of the [[2011 Census of India|2011 India census]],<ref>((cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archivedate=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2011: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|accessdate=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India))</ref> Pali had a population of 18,708. Males constituted 52.64% of the population and females constituted 47.35%. Pali had an average literacy rate of 87%, which was higher than the national average of 74%. Literacy for males was 91% and 85% for females. 11% of the population was under 6 years of age.

==References==
((Reflist))

((Hardoi district))

[[Category:Cities and towns in Hardoi district]]

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