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The passion fruit (i "fruit that serves itself" or "food in a cuia") is the fruit of a number of plants in the genus Passiflora.[1][2]
Passion fruits are round or oval, and range from a width of 1.5 to 3 inches (3.81 to 7.62 centimeters).[1] They can be yellow, red, purple, and green great colours.[1]
The passion fruit was first introduced to Europe in 1553.[3]
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See also: Passiflora § Etymology and names |
The Portuguese maracujá and Spanish maracuyá are both derived from the Tupi mara kuya "fruit that serves itself" or "food in a cuia".
The term 'passion fruit' in English comes from the passion flower, as an English translation of the Latin genus name, Passiflora, and may be spelled "passion fruit", "passionfruit", or "passion-fruit".[1][4] Around 1700, the name Passiflora was given by missionaries in Brazil as an educational aid to convert the indigenous inhabitants to Christianity: its name was flor das cinco chagas or "flower of the five wounds" to illustrate the crucifixion of Christ and his resurrection,[5] with other plant components also named after an emblem in the Passion of Jesus.[4]
Well known edible passion fruits can be divided into four main types:
The fruits have a juicy edible center composed of a large number of seeds.[1] The part of the fruit that is used (eaten) is the pulpy juicy seeds. Passion fruits can also be squeezed to make juice.[1] It is also used in pastries and other baked products.
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 406 kJ (97 kcal) |
23.4 g | |
| Sugars | 11.2 g |
| Dietary fiber | 10.4 g |
0.7 g | |
2.2 g | |
| Vitamins | Quantity %DV† |
| Vitamin A equiv. | 8% 64 μg7% 743 μg |
| Riboflavin (B2) | 11% 0.13 mg |
| Niacin (B3) | 10% 1.5 mg |
| Vitamin B6 | 8% 0.1 mg |
| Folate (B9) | 4% 14 μg |
| Choline | 2% 7.6 mg |
| Vitamin C | 36% 30 mg |
| Vitamin K | 1% 0.7 μg |
| Minerals | Quantity %DV† |
| Calcium | 1% 12 mg |
| Iron | 12% 1.6 mg |
| Magnesium | 8% 29 mg |
| Phosphorus | 10% 68 mg |
| Potassium | 12% 348 mg |
| Sodium | 2% 28 mg |
| Zinc | 1% 0.1 mg |
| Other constituents | Quantity |
| Water | 72.9 g |
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| †Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA FoodData Central | |
Raw passion fruit is 73% water, 23% carbohydrates, 2% protein, and 1% fat (table). In a 100 gram reference amount, raw passion fruit supplies 97 calories, and is a rich source of vitamin C (36% of the Daily Value, DV) and a moderate source of riboflavin (11% DV), niacin (10% DV), iron (12% DV), and phosphorus (10% DV) (table). No other micronutrients are in significant content.
Several varieties of passion fruit are rich in polyphenols,[7][8] and some contain prunasin and other cyanogenic glycosides in the peel and juice.[9]
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