Peterborough is a city in the county of Cambridgeshire, England, formerly in Northamptonshire.

Peterborough may also refer to:

Australia

• Peterborough, South Australia
• Peterborough, Victoria

Canada

• Peterborough (electoral district), Ontario
• Peterborough (provincial electoral district), Ontario
• Peterborough, Ontario
• Peterborough County, Ontario

England

• Peterborough (UK Parliament constituency), Cambridgeshire
• City of Peterborough, a district of Cambridgeshire
• Peterborough Rural District, a former district of England
• Soke of Peterborough, a historic area in England

United States

• Peterborough, New Hampshire, a New England town
  • Peterborough (CDP), New Hampshire, the main village in the town

Other uses

• Peterborough (HM Prison), in Peterborough, England
• Peterborough railway station, the railway station in Peterborough, England
• Peterborough United F.C., a football team in the English Championship
• HMCS Peterborough, 1944 Royal Canadian Navy corvette
• BR Standard Class 5 73050, a preserved British steam locomotive