Petrolisthes violaceus | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Arthropoda |
Class: | Malacostraca |
Order: | Decapoda |
Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
Infraorder: | Anomura |
Family: | Porcellanidae |
Genus: | Petrolisthes |
Species: | P. violaceus
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Binomial name | |
Petrolisthes violaceus (Guérin, 1829)
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Synonyms | |
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Petrolisthes violaceus is a species of porcelain crab endemic to the south-eastern Pacific.[1]
Petrolisthes violaceus has planktonic larvae that remain as plankton for more than 25 days.[2] The development of the larvae occurs in four stages: a prezoea, two zoeal stages, and a megalopa stage.[3]
Petrolisthes violaceus' range is from Callao, Peru to the Taitao Peninsula in Chile.[3]
It is one of the most common decapods in the intertidal zone of its range.[3] It is a free-living crab, commonly found in crevice, under boulders, or between rocks.[4] Compared to another Petrolisthes species, Petrolisthes laevigatus, it occupies the lower intertidal zone.[5] Compared to P. laevigatus, P. violaceus is more active and more aggressive.[6]
Because of the vertical distribution and its intertidal habitat, P. violaceus is regularly exposed to different periods of air exposure, which varies by the heights of the tides.[5] Gaitán-Espitia et al. demonstrated that P. violaceus exhibits a gradient of physiological responses in metabolic and heart rates across a latitude gradient of 3000 kilometers. P. violaceus is better able to cope with water hypoxia due to its position in the lower intertidal zone; it is proposed that in aquatic conditions, P. violaceus has an oxyconformer strategy and is able to adapt its oxygen demands in an oxygen-fluctuating environment.[6]
Petrolisthes violaceus is the type species of the genus Petrolisthes.[7]