Pfeifer (/ˈfaɪfər/ FY-fər, German: [ˈpfaɪfɐ] ^ⓘ) is a German-language occupational surname meaning "whistler" or "pipe-" or "fife-player" and etymologically akin to English Piper and Fifer; other spellings include Pfeiffer. The spelling Pfeifer may refer to:

People:
- Carl Ferdinand Pfeifer (1915–2001), United States Navy officer and aide to Presidents Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower
- Felix Pfeifer (1871–1945), German sculptor and medallist
- George Pfeifer (born 1955), former head men's basketball coach at the University of Idaho
- Hellmuth Pfeifer (1894–1945), German general who commanded the 65. Infantrie Division during World War II
- Jörg Pfeifer (born 1952), East German athlete who competed mainly in the 100 metres
- Joseph L. Pfeifer (1892–1974), United States Representative from New York
- Karl Pfeifer, (1928–2023), Austrian journalist
- Louis Fred Pfeifer (1876–1917), private in the United States Marine Corps who received the Medal of Honor
- Manuel Pfeifer (born 1999), Austrian football player
- Marcuse Pfeifer (1936–2020), American gallerist
- Melanie Pfeifer (born 1986), German slalom canoeist who has competed since the late 2000s
- Michael David Pfeifer (born 1937), Roman Catholic bishop of the Diocese of San Angelo
- Paul Pfeifer (born 1942), American politician of the Ohio Republican party
- Philip Pfeifer (born 1992), American baseball player
- Rolf Pfeifer (born 1947), professor of computer science at the Department of Informatics, University of Zurich
- Scott Pfeifer (born 1977), Canadian curler from Sherwood Park who plays out of the Saville Sports Centre in Edmonton
- Sílvia Pfeifer (born 1958), Brazilian actress
- Viktor Pfeifer (born 1987), Austrian figure skater
- Will Pfeifer (born 1967), American comic book writer
Communities:
- Pfeifer, Kansas, unincorporated community in Ellis County, Kansas, United States

See also