Philomuse Society or Philomousos Society (Greek: Φιλόμουσος Εταιρεία, romanized: Filomousos Etaireia, lit. 'Society of Friends of the Muses') was the name of two philological organizations founded during the period of Ottoman rule over Greece before the 1821 Greek Revolution, with the aim of educating the Greeks and promoting philhellenism. These organizations were:

• the Philomuse Society of Athens, founded by Athenian town elders in 1813 with the help of the English, and
• the Philomuse Society of Vienna, founded by Ioannis Kapodistrias in 1814, under the aegis of Tsar Alexander I of Russia.

These societies were founded in the wake of the fall of Napoleon's mastery over Europe. The Western-educated Greeks, many of whom had been seized by the spirit of the French Revolution, had invested great hopes in Napoleon, whom they expected to support their aim for independence. Their foundation was part of a wider cultural awakening ("Modern Greek Enlightenment") and a reaction to news of destruction of Greek antiquities by the ignorant population, as well as to calls by pamphlets like the Hellenic Nomarchy to the Greeks to rely on their own strength rather than await foreign assistance.

v t e Ioannis Kapodistrias
Family	Antonios Maria Kapodistrias Augustinos Kapodistrias Viaros Kapodistrias Maria Desylla Kapodistria
Politics	Greek independence Liberalism Conservatism Statism Agrarianism Greek expansion Russian Party Eastern Orthodoxy
Events and Treaties	Napoleonic Wars Republican French rule in the Ionian Islands Septinsular Republic Imperial French rule in the Ionian Islands Congress of Vienna United States of the Ionian Islands Restoration and Regeneration in Switzerland Federal Treaty Congress of Troppau Congress of Laibach Greek War of Independence Congress of Verona Third National Assembly at Troezen Battle of Navarino Treaty of London (1827) Chios expedition Conference of Poros Russo-Turkish War (1828–29) London Protocol (1828) Morea expedition Fourth National Assembly at Argos Battle of Petra London Protocol (1829) Treaty of Adrianople (1829) London Protocol (1830) Hydriot rebellion
Government/Support	Theodoros Kolokotronis Demetrios Ypsilantis Filiki Eteria Konstantinos Kanaris Andreas Metaxas Dimitrios Kallergis Panagiotis Rodios Stamatis Voulgaris Andreas Moustoxydis Jean-Gabriel Eynard Georgios Stavros Ioannis Papafis Ioannis Dombolis Russian Empire
Establishments	Philomuse Society of Vienna Hellenic State (1828–1832) Interim Greek civil code (Hexabiblos) Panellinion Greek Senate Phoenix (currency) Hellenic Army Hellenic Navy Hellenic Military Academy Archaeological Museum of Aegina National Archaeological Museum National Library of Greece
Remembrance	National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Kapodistria Square Corfu International Airport Kapodistrias Museum Kapodistrias reform Kapodistria Square (Koper)

v t e Modern Greek Enlightenment
Main ideas	Greek Independence Nationalism Liberalism Constitutionalism Education Westernization Hellenization Freedom of religion Greek language
Publications	Asma Polemistirion Salpisma Polemistirion Adelphiki Didaskalia Geographia Neoteriki Hellenic Nomarchy Hellenic Library Ephimeris Calliope Rossaglogallos Hermes o Logios Politika Parallela Thourios or Patriotic hymn Pamphlet of Rigas Feraios Map of Greece New Map of Wallachia and part of Transylvania Real Bliss General Map of Moldavia Gnostike, Stoicheia Philosophias
Academies	Ottoman Empire: Athonite Academy Evangelical School Kaplaneios Maroutsaia New Academy Phanar Greek Orthodox College Phrontisterion of Trapezous Diaspora: Flanginian School Princely Academy of Bucharest Princely Academy of Iași
Representatives	Methodios Anthrakites Kosmas Balanos Athanasios Christopoulos Neophytos Doukas Vikentios Damodos Theoklitos Farmakidis Rigas Feraios Anthimos Gazis Georgios Gennadios Theophilos Kairis Theodore Kavalliotis Grigorios Konstantas Adamantios Korais Konstantinos Koumas Stefanos Kanellos Sevastos Leontiadis Benjamin of Lesbos Iosipos Moisiodax Minas Minoidis Konstantinos Michail Konstantinos Nikolopoulos Michail Papageorgiou Christodoulos Pablekis Daniel Philippidis Athanasios Psalidas Theoklitos Polyeidis Athanasios Stageiritis Konstantinos Tzechanis Neophytos Vamvas Ioannis Vilaras Eugenios Voulgaris
Related	Philomuse Society Filiki Eteria Ionian Academy Orphanage of Kairis Moscopole printing house