Pierre Gascar |
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| Born | Pierre Fournier
(1916-03-13)13 March 1916
Paris, France |
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| Died | 20 February 1997(1997-02-20) (aged 80)
Lons-le-Saunier, France |
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| Pen name | Pierre Gascar |
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| Occupation | Writer |
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| Language | French |
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| Nationality | French |
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| Notable works | Les Bêtes (1953) |
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| Notable awards | Prix Goncourt (1953) |
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Pierre Fournier (13 March 1916 – 20 February 1997), better known his pen name Pierre Gascar, was a French journalist, literary critic, writer, essayist and screenwriter.
Biography
Born in Paris in 1916 to a working-class family, Pierre Gascar lived part of his childhood in Périgord after his mother was institutionalised. His troubled childhood would later inspire him to write La Graine and Meilleur de la Vie. Returning to Paris after completing high school, he became involved in left wing politics and began to associate with writers. His imprisonment in a German stalag during the Second World War heavily influenced his writing during that period. In Le temps des Morts, Gascar recounts his time spent working as a gravedigger at the Rava-Ruska prison camp in Ukraine, during which time he was conscripted to track down Jews hiding in the area.
Gascar became a journalist after the end of the war. In 1953, after winning the Prix Goncourt for Les Bêtes and Le temps des morts, he decided to devote himself entirely to his literary work. His writing, characterised by an exploration of the relationship between plants, animals and people, began to gain greater appreciation from the general public. He started to write biographies, focusing on personalities in which he recognised parts of himself, such as his thirst for knowledge, his independence and his feelings of restlessness. Among the figures he wrote about were Humboldt, Buffon and Bernard Palissy. Aside from his biographical work, he took to writing studies of nature, taking a poetic and philosophical approach. Major works of this kind include Le présage, Les sources and Le règne végétal.
The screenplay of Georges Franju's film Les Yeux sans visage (1960) was in large part written by Gascar. Other works include plays, notably Les pas perdus, picture books and prefaces.
After winning the Grand Prix of the Académie Française, he won the Prix Roger Caillois in 1994. Gascar shared Caillois' fascination with the natural world, while however retaining a firm focus on its relationship with human society.
He died in 1997. The majority of his works were published by Éditions Gallimard.
