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((Refimprove|date=December 2009))
((Use dmy dates|date=February 2023))
[[Image:Pigeon-hole messagebox 3.jpg|thumb|Pigeon-hole messageboxes at [[Stanford University]]]]
'''Pigeonholing''' is a process that attempts to classify disparate entities into a limited number of [[Categorization|categories]] (usually, mutually exclusive ones).

The term usually carries connotations of criticism, implying that the classification scheme referred to inadequately reflects the entities being sorted, or that it is based on [[stereotype]]s.<ref>((cite book |date=March 2006 |chapter=Pigeonhole, v.|chapter-url=http://www.oed.com:80/Entry/143669 |title=[[Oxford English Dictionary]] |edition=3rd |quote=Online version March 2011. An entry for this word was first included in New English Dictionary, 1906. |access-date=31 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191216055951/https://public.oed.com/oederror404/ |archive-date=16 December 2019 |url-status=dead))</ref>

When considering various classification schemes, one must be aware of the following pitfalls:

*Using categories that are poorly defined (e.g., because they are [[subjectivity|subjective]]).
*Entities may be suited to more than one category. Example: [[rhubarb]] is both "poisonous" and "edible".
*Entities may not fit into any available category. Example: asking somebody from [[Washington, D.C.]] which state they live in.
*Entities may change over time, so they no longer fit the category in which they have been placed. Example: certain species of [[fish]] may [[sequential hermaphroditism|change from male to female]] during their life.
*Attempting to discretize properties that would be better viewed as a [[continuum (measurement)|continuum]] must be taken with caution. Example: while sorting people into "[[extraversion and introversion|introverted]]" and "[[extraversion and introversion|extroverted]]" one must keep in mind that most people exhibit both traits to some degree.((cn|date=May 2018))

An example of pigeonholing in everyday conversation occurs when a person making an [[apoliticism|apolitical]] or barely political comment is assumed to have a certain political belief, without ascertaining their political stance. Such an erroneous designation is especially erroneous when assigning it to people who live in places where the [[left–right political spectrum|left–right]] dichotomy is not present.<ref>((cite book|last1=Lipset|first1=Seymour Martin|author-link1=Seymour Martin Lipset|last2=Basu |first2=Asoke |year=1976 |editor-last=Gella|editor-first=Aleksander |chapter=The Roles of the Intellectual and Political Roles |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/intelligentsiain0057unse/page/111/mode/2up |chapter-url-access=limited |title=The Intelligentsia and the Intellectuals: Theory, Method and Case Study |location=Beverly Hills, California|publisher=Sage Publications|pages=111–150|isbn=0-8039-9958-5))</ref>

==See also==
* [[Archetype]]
* [[Labelling]]
* [[Pigeonhole principle]]
* [[Typecasting]]

==References==
((reflist))

[[Category:Stereotypes]]


((popular-culture-stub))

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