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((Use Philippine English|date=April 2023))
((Use mdy dates|date=August 2019))
((more citations needed|date=May 2013))
((Infobox officeholder
| name                = Placido L. Mapa Jr.
| image               = 
| order                = 
| president            = [[Ferdinand Marcos]]
| office               = 2nd [[National Economic and Development Authority|Director-General of the National Economic and Development Authority<br /><small>Concurrently Minister of Economic Planning</small>]]
| term_start           = 1981
| term_end             = 1983
| predecessor          = Gerardo Sicat
| successor            = [[Cesar Virata]]
| order2               = 
| president2           = 
| office2              = 
| term_start2          = 
| term_end2            = 
| predecessor2         = 
| successor2           = 
| birth_date          = ((birth date|1932|6|24))
| birth_place         = [[Talisay, Negros Occidental]], [[Philippines]]
| death_date          = ((death date and age|2019|5|5|1932|6|24))
| nationality         = [[Philippines|Filipino]] 
| party               = 
| residence           = 
| alma_mater          = [[Harvard University]]<br />[[Ateneo de Manila University]]
| occupation          = Banker<br />businessman
| profession          = Economist
| religion            = 
))

'''Placido "Cidito" Ledesma Mapa Jr.''' (June 24, 1932 – May 5, 2019) a Filipino businessman, economist, and government official best known for having served as the second head of the [[National Economic and Development Authority]] (NEDA), which is the [[Philippines]]' highest economic and development planning body.  He was once governor of the [[Development Bank of the Philippines]] (DBP). He also held the position of Alternate Executive Director for the Philippines of the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref>((Google books |id=K7pxaVH9O7gC |page=216 |title=Annual Report of the Executive Board for the Financial Year Ended April 30, 1981. ))</ref>  He was President of the Philippine Economic Society from 1965 to 1966.<ref>((cite web |title=Placido L. Mapa, Jr. (June 24, 1932 to May 5, 2019) |url=https://opusdei.org/en-ph/article/placido-l-mapa-jr-june-4-1932-to-may-5-2019/ |publisher=Opus deI |access-date=14 January 2021))</ref>

He served Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company ([[Metrobank (Philippines)|Metrobank]]) for over 30 years in various capacities including President and vice-chairman. During his stint with Metrobank, he was also President of the Bankers Association of the Philippines.  He was also the President of the Metrobank Foundation, Inc.,<ref>((Cite web|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/people/person.asp?personId=11502833&ticker=MBT:PM&previousCapId=723672&previousTitle=ASIAN%20TERMINALS%20INC|title = Stocks))((dead link|date=April 2023|bot=medic))((cbignore|bot=medic))</ref> and chairperson of the Board of Advisers of Metrobank.

Mapa Jr. was the Founding Chairman of the Board of the Center for Research and Communication (CRC), and of the [[University of Asia and the Pacific]] which evolved from it.<ref>((Cite news |url=https://business.mb.com.ph/2017/05/07/building-the-institution-of-crc-uap-part-i |title=Building the institution of CRC-UA&P (Part I) |last=Villegas |first=Bernardo M. |date=August 10, 2017 |work=[[Manila Bulletin]] |access-date=7 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170810160142/https://business.mb.com.ph/2017/05/07/building-the-institution-of-crc-uap-part-i/ |archive-date=2017-08-10 |url-status=live ))</ref>

He was a son of Placido Mapa Sr. who served as Mayor of Baguio City, President of Rehabilitation Finance Corp (RFC), the predecessor of Development Bank of the Philippines and founding President of Metrobank.

== Education ==
Mapa attended high school in De La Salle Manila (1951), obtained his A.B. from the [[Ateneo de Manila University]], his M.A. from St. Louis University, and his PhD in economics from [[Harvard University]] in [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]].<ref>http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:9000/shares/finders/NL03/NLPNLBK18585fd/117.pdf ((Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022))</ref>  https://www.dlsaa.com/honors-and-awards/awardees/mapa-placido-l-jr

=== Opus Dei ===
It was at Harvard that Mapa first encountered and joined [[Opus Dei]], becoming its first Filipino supernumerary member.<ref>((Cite web |url=https://opusdei.org/en-ph/article/placido-l-mapa-jr-june-4-1932-to-may-5-2019/ |title=Placido L. Mapa, Jr. (June 24, 1932 to May 5, 2019) |last=Estanislao |first=Jesus |date=May 12, 2019 |website=opusdei.org  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190604011444/https://opusdei.org/en-ph/article/placido-l-mapa-jr-june-4-1932-to-may-5-2019/ |archive-date=2019-06-04 |url-status=live |access-date=4 June 2019))</ref> He invited [[Bernardo Villegas]], [[Jesus Estanislao]], who were also studying in Harvard at the time, to the organization. Upon returning to the Philippines, they became the key figures in the establishment of Opus Dei's apostolate in the Philippines.<ref name="OpusDei50yrs">((Cite news |url=http://archives.bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Opinion&title=give-what-you-receive&id=96398 |title=Give what you receive |last=Gayo |first=Jose Rene C. |date=October 21, 2014 |work=Business World |access-date=4 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701021815/http://bworldonline.com/content.php?section=Opinion&title=give-what-you-receive&id=96398 |archive-date=2018-07-01 |url-status=live ))</ref>

Mapa has been included in the list of candidates for sainthood

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Opus_Dei_saints_and_beatified_people#Candidates_for_sainthood

== Early career ==
After graduating from Harvard in 1962, Mapa briefly served in the private sector, working for the National City Bank of New York, which would later be renamed Citibank.

== Entering government service ==
In 1964, Mapa was recruited by President [[Diosdado Macapagal]] in 1964 to serve as Deputy Director General for the Program Implementation Agency (PIA), an advisory group Macapagal created to support the economic work of the Office of the President.<ref name="dlsaa">((Cite web |url=http://www.dlsaa.com/honors-and-awards/awardees/mapa-placido-l-jr |title=Awardee Profile: Mapa, Placido L. Jr. |website=dlsaa.com |date=September 29, 2015 |publisher= De La Salle Alumni Association |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507020046/http://www.dlsaa.com/honors-and-awards/awardees/mapa-placido-l-jr |archive-date=2019-05-07 |url-status=live |access-date=7 May 2019))</ref>

==  Presidential Economic staff ==
A year later, Macapagal was defeated by Ferdinand Marcos in the [[1965 Philippine Presidential Election]]. One of Marcos' early strategies for was to surround himself with US-trained economists, projecting his administration as young, modern, and professional.<ref name="Kasaysayan9ch10">((Cite book |title=Kasaysayan, The Story of the Filipino People Volume 9:A Nation Reborn. |publisher=Asia Publishing Company Limited |year=1998 |editor-last=Magno |editor-first=Alexander R. |location=Hong Kong |chapter=Democracy at the Crossroads))</ref> Along those lines, the new president retained Mapa as deputy at the PIS, despite having been a Macapagal appointee.  Marcos then elevated Mapa Director General when he renamed the PIS as the Presidential Economic Staff (PES).<ref name="dlsaa"/> Placed under him as deputies were [[Alejandro Melchor]], whom Marcos would later appoint as executive secretary, and [[Cesar Zalamea]] who would later serve as DBP chair.<ref name="sicatcabinet">((Cite web|url=https://www.philstar.com/business/2017/09/05/1736112/marcos-and-how-he-formed-his-economic-team|title = Marcos and how he formed his economic team| website=[[The Philippine STAR]] ))</ref>

== DBP, IMF, NEDA and PNB ==
Mapa briefly rejoined the private sector in 1974, taking up a post as general manager of the [[Philippine Commercial & Industrial Bank]], and then as president of the Philippine Foreign Loan & Guarantee Corporation.

In 1977, he was also appointed chairman of the board of the [[Development Bank of the Philippines]] (DBP).<ref name="dlsaa"/>

He then moved to Washington D.C. to serve in the [[International Monetary Fund]].<ref name="dlsaa"/>

In 1981, Marcos once again tapped Mapa's services – this time to head the NEDA (National Economic & Development Authority) as its second Director General, after [[Gerardo Sicat]].

He served until 1983 when he was appointed President of the [[Philippine National Bank]]. As President of PNB, he was also a member of the Monetary Board.  Mapa's post at the NEDA was reassigned to [[Cesar Virata]].<ref name="dlsaa"/><ref name="sicatcabinet"/>

== Metrobank ==
After 1986, Mapa continued to serve in the banking sector.<ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/fast-facts/39562-fast-facts-marcos-cabinet|title = FAST FACTS: The Marcos Cabinet|date = September 22, 2013))</ref> He was President of Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company (Metrobank) from 1989 to 1991, Vice chairman from 1992 to 2005, Chairman of the Metrobank Board of Advisers from 2006 to 2009 and Senior Adviser  from 2010 to 2019.

Founded on September 5, 1962, Metropolitan Bank & Trust Co. (Metrobank) has since become the premier universal bank and among the foremost financial institutions in the Philippines. Mapa's father, Placido Mapa Sr. was the founding President of Metrobank.
The Bank offers a full range of banking and other financial products and services, including corporate, commercial and consumer banking, as well as credit card, remittances, leasing, investment banking and trust banking. It established Metrobank Foundation, Inc. in 1979, putting emphasis on both business success and community contribution. The Foundation has since become one of the largest and most respected charitable organizations in Asia.

Mapa also served as President of Metrobank Foundation, Inc. and also became a Senior Adviser to the Foundation.

During his stint in Metrobank, he was also concurrently President of the Bankers Association of the Philippines (BAP) from 2000 to 2001 and eventually became a Member of the Advisory Council of the BAP.

== Death ==
In May 2019, the University of Asia and the Pacific, on whose board Mapa sat as Chair, reported that he had died May 5, 2019.

Mapa's death was also reported by Gerardo Sicat in his column in Philippine Star on May 8, 2019

A testimonial was also published in the UA&P website

https://universitas.uap.asia/articles/placido-ledesma-mapa-jr/

He is survived by his wife Ma. Corazon Tinio Mapa, his nine children and three grandchildren.

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
*[http://nlpdl.nlp.gov.ph:9000/shares/finders/NL03/NLPNLBK18585fd/117.pdf Profile of Dr. Placido L. Mapa, Jr.]
*[http://www.orosa.org/TOYM%20List%20of%20Awardees%20-%20Ramon%20S.%20Orosa,%201971.htm Ten Outstanding Young Men (TOYM) Awardees]

((s-start))
((succession box
|before= [[Gerardo Sicat]]
|title= [[National Economic and Development Authority|Director-General of the National Economic and Development Authority]]
|years= 1981–1983
|after= [[Cesar Virata]] |
))
((s-end))

((DEFAULTSORT:Mapa, Placido))
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Asia and the Pacific]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:2019 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Negros Oriental]]
[[Category:Directors-General of the National Economic and Development Authority of the Philippines]]
[[Category:Ferdinand Marcos administration personnel]]
[[Category:Filipino business executives]]
[[Category:Ateneo de Manila University alumni]]
[[Category:Saint Louis University alumni]]
[[Category:1932 births]]

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