The gens Plaetoria was a plebeian family at ancient Rome. A number of Plaetorii appear in history during the first and second centuries BC, but none of this gens ever obtained the consulship. Several Plaetorii issued denarii from the late 70s into the 40s, of which one of the best known alludes to the assassination of Caesar on the Ides of March, since one of the Plaetorii was a partisan of Pompeius during the Civil War.^[2]

Origin

Chase classifies the nomen Plaetorius among those gentilicia which were either of Roman origin, or which at least cannot be shown to have originated anywhere else, implying that the name is apparently of Latin derivation. Some scholars have suggested that the Plaetorii hailed from the ancient city of Tusculum in Latium.^[3][4]

Praenomina

The main praenomina of the Plaetorii were Marcus, Gaius, and Lucius, the three most common names throughout Roman history.

Branches and cognomina

The only distinct family of the Plaetorii under the Republic bore the cognomen Cestianus, probably indicating that they were originally adopted from the Cestii, a family of Praeneste.^[4] Their coins allude both to their name, depicting an athlete holding a cestus, and to a Praenestine origin, depicting Sors, the god of luck, associated with the renowned Praenestine oracle.^[5][6]

Members

This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.

• Marcus Plaetorius, tribune of the plebs in an uncertain year. He carried a plebiscite that established what attendants the praetor peregrinus might have. The office of praetor peregrinus was established in the late 240s BC.^{[7][8][9][10][11]}
• Gaius Plaetorius,^[i] one of the commissioners appointed to establish a colony at Croton in 194 BC.^[12]
• Plaetorius, tribune of the plebs before 192 BC. Cicero mentions a lex Plaetoria^[ii] that protected minors and young men from fraud. Since Plautus refers to such legislation, this law would seem to predate 191 BC.^{[13][14][15][16]}
• Plaetorius, tribune of the plebs before 175 BC, carried a law under which an altar was dedicated to Verminus by Aulus Postumius Albinus, the consul of 180, when he was duumvir, and another altar found in the Largo Argentina.^[17]
• Gaius Plaetorius, sent as one of three ambassadors to Gentius of Illyria to protest attacks on allies of Rome. He might be the same person as the Gaius Plaetorius who was appointed to establish a colony at Croton in 194.^[18][19]
• Lucius Plaetorius, a senator mentioned in 129 BC.^[20]
• Marcus Plaetorius, a senator put to death on Sulla's orders in 82 BC, along with Venuleius. Münzer distinguishes him from the Marcus Laetorius who accompanied Gaius Marius into exile in 88 BC, but the names Laetorius and Plaetorius often create textual difficulties.^{[21][22][23][24]}
• Lucius Plaetorius L. f. (Cestianus?), quaestor circa 74–72 BC, or possibly as late as 66, when Cicero refers to him as a senator. Crawford dates his coinage to 74.^[25][26]
• Marcus Plaetorius Cestianus, praetor circa 64 BC, and subsequently governor of Macedonia. He is probably the same Marcus Plaetorius who served under Publius Cornelius Lentulus Spinther in Cilicia in 55.^{[iii][27][28][29][30]}
• Gaius Plaetorius, quaestor under Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus in Pontus in 48 BC.^[31][32]
• Plaetorius Rustianus, a senator in 46 BC, was a leader among Pompeius' forces in Africa. He died at Hippo.^[33][34]
• Lucius Plaetorius L. f. Cestianus, quaestor or proquaestor under Brutus in 42.^[35]
• Aulus Plaetorius Nepos, a senator, was a friend of Hadrian, and one of those whom the emperor considered appointing to succeed him.^[36]