External images
For terms, see: Morphology of Diptera. Femora 1 is without long white hairs at base and with 5 dorsal long black bristles. Tibia 1 is irregularly increasing in width, with a small incision at the outer margin.
See references for determination.[4][5][6][7]
Palearctic: Fennoscandia south to central France, Ireland eastward to Northern Europe and Central Europe to European Russia and through Siberia and the Russian Far East. Nearctic: from Alaska to Quebec and south to California.[8][9][10]
^Ball, S.G.; Morris, R.K.A. (2000). Provisional Atlas of British Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae). Monks Wood, UK: Biological Record Centre. pp. 167 pages. ISBN1-870393-54-6.
^Van Veen, M. (2004). Hoverflies of Northwest Europe: identification keys to the Syrphidae. 256pp. KNNV Publishing, Utrecht.addendum.
^Van der Goot, V.S. (1981). De zweefvliegen van Noordwest - Europa en Europees Rusland, in het bijzonder van de Benelux. KNNV, Uitgave no. 32: 275pp. Amsterdam.
^Bei-Bienko, G.Y. & Steyskal, G.C. (1988). Keys to the Insects of the European Part of the USSR, Volume V: Diptera and Siphonaptera, Part I. Amerind Publishing Co., New Delhi. ISBN81-205-0080-6.
^Peck, L.V. (1988). "Syrphidae". In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (eds.). Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera8: 11-230. Akad. Kiado, Budapest.
^Vockeroth, J.R. (1992). The Flower Flies of the Subfamily Syrphinae of Canada, Alaska, and Greenland (Diptera: Syrphidae). Part 18. The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. Ottawa, Ontario: Canadian Government Pub Centre. pp. 1–456. ISBN0-660-13830-1.