The following tables indicate the historic party affiliation of elected officials in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, including: Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Attorney General, State Treasurer, Superintendent of Public Instruction. The tables also indicate the historical party composition in the State Senate,[1] State Assembly,[1] the State delegation to the United States Senate, and the State delegation to the United States House of Representatives. For years in which a United States presidential election was held, the tables indicate which party's nominees received the state's electoral votes.

By year

1848–1899

Year Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress Electoral votes
Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State Attorney General Treasurer Supt. of Pub. Inst. State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator
(Class I)		 U.S. Senator
(Class III)		 U.S.
House
1848 Nelson Dewey (D) John Edwin Holmes (D) Thomas McHugh (D) James S. Brown (D) Jairus C. Fairchild (D) Eleazer Root (W) 16D, 3W 49D, 17W Henry Dodge (D) Isaac P. Walker (D) 2D Cass/
Butler (D) Red XN
1849 14D, 4FS, 1W 36D, 16FS, 14W 1FS, 1W, 1D
1850 Samuel Beall (D) William A. Barstow (D) S. Park Coon (D) 12D, 4W, 2FS, 1? 41D, 17W, 8FS
1851 14D, 3W, 2FS 46D, 11W, 9FS 2D, 1FS
1852 Leonard J. Farwell (W) Timothy Burns (D)[a] Charles D. Robinson (D) Experience Estabrook (D) Edward H. Janssen (D) Azel P. Ladd (D) 13D, 5W, 1FS 31W, 28D, 6FS, 1 vac. Pierce/
King (D) Green tickY
1853 vacant 18D, 7W 51D, 22W, 7FS, 2I 3D
1854 William A. Barstow (D)[b] James T. Lewis (D) Alexander T. Gray (D) George Baldwin Smith (D) Hiram A. Wright (D)[a] 20D, 5W 50D, 25W, 8FS
1855 13D, 12R 44R, 33D, 5I, 1? Charles Durkee (R) 2R, 1D
1856 Arthur MacArthur Sr. (D) David W. Jones (D) William R. Smith (D) Charles Kuehn (D) A. Constantine Barry (D)[c] 13R, 12D 45D, 35R, 1I, 2? Fremont/
Dayton (R) Red XN
Arthur MacArthur Sr. (D)[b] vacant
Coles Bashford (R)[b] Arthur MacArthur Sr. (D)
1857 19R, 11D 62R, 33D, 2I James R. Doolittle (R) 3R
1858 Alexander Randall (R) Erasmus D. Campbell (D) Gabriel Bouck (D) Samuel D. Hastings (R) Lyman Draper (D) 18R, 12D 49R, 48D
1859 16R, 14D 55R, 42D 2R, 1D
1860 Butler Noble (R) Louis P. Harvey (R) James Henry Howe (R) Josiah Little Pickard (R)[d] 17R, 13D 58R, 39D Lincoln/
Hamlin (R) Green tickY
1861 22R, 8D 70R, 27D Timothy O. Howe (R) 3R
1862 Louis P. Harvey (U)[a] Edward Salomon (U) James T. Lewis (U) Winfield Smith (R) 20R, 11D, 3U 44R, 33D, 23U[e]
Edward Salomon (U)[f] vacant
1863 18R, 16D, 1U 53R, 45D, 2U 3D, 3R
1864 James T. Lewis (NU) Wyman Spooner (NU) Lucius Fairchild (D) John G. McMynn (NU) 22NU, 11D 75NU, 25D Lincoln/
Johnson (NU) Green tickY
1865 25NU, 8D 67NU, 33D 5R, 1D
1866 Lucius Fairchild (NU) Thomas Allen (NU) Charles R. Gill (NU) William E. Smith (NU) 23NU, 10D 67NU, 33D
1867 22NU, 11D 74NU, 25D, 1WD
1868 Alexander J. Craig (R) 18R, 15D 59R, 41D Grant/
Colfax (R) Green tickY
1869 19R, 14D 68R, 32D Matthew H. Carpenter (R)
1870 Thaddeus C. Pound (R) Llywelyn Breese (R) Stephen Steele Barlow (R) Henry Baetz (R) Samuel Fallows (R) 19R, 11D, 3I 55R, 38D, 7I
1871 19R, 14D 57R, 41D, 2I 4R, 2D
1872 Cadwallader C. Washburn (R) Milton Pettit (R)[a] 23R, 9D, 1I 58R, 38D, 4I Grant/
Wilson (R) Green tickY
1873 vacant 17R, 16D 60D, 40R 6R, 2D
1874 William Robert Taylor (D) Charles D. Parker (D) Peter Doyle (D) A. Scott Sloan (R) Ferdinand Kuehn (D) Edward Searing (LR) 17R, 15D, 1I 64R, 35D, 4I
1875 60D, 40R Angus Cameron (R) 5R, 3D
1876 Harrison Ludington (R) 21R, 12D 49D, 47R, 4I[g] Hayes/
Wheeler (R) Green tickY
1877 48R, 40D, 7GB, 4I, 1S[h]
1878 William E. Smith (R) James M. Bingham (R) Hans Warner (R) Alexander Wilson (R) Richard W. Guenther (R) William Clarke Whitford (R) 24R, 9D 45R, 41D, 13GB, 1S[i]
1879 66R, 25D, 9GB Matthew H. Carpenter (R)[a]
1880 25R, 8D 70R, 29D, 1GB Garfield/
Arthur (R) Green tickY
1881 24R, 9D 78R, 22D Philetus Sawyer (R) Angus Cameron (R)
1882 Jeremiah McLain Rusk (R)[j] Sam Fifield (R) Ernst Timme (R) Leander F. Frisby (R) Edward C. McFetridge (R) Robert Graham (R)[k] 23R, 10D 64R, 34D, 2I
1883 18R, 15D 63R, 37D 6D, 3R
1884 Blaine/
Logan (R) Red XN
1885 20R, 13D 61R, 39D John Coit Spooner (R) 7R, 2D
1886
1887 George Washington Ryland (R) Charles E. Estabrook (R) Henry B. Harshaw (R) Jesse B. Thayer (R) 25R, 6D, 1Pop, 1I 57R, 30D, 6Pop, 4ID, 3I 7R, 1D, 1Lab
1888 Harrison/
Morton (R) Green tickY
1889 William D. Hoard (R) 24R, 6D, 2UL, 1I 71R, 29D 7R, 2D
1890
1891 George Wilbur Peck (D) Charles Jonas (D) Thomas Cunningham (D) James L. O'Connor (D) John Hunner (D) Oliver Elwin Wells (D) 19D, 14R 66D, 33R, 1UL William F. Vilas (D) 8D, 1R
1892 Cleveland/
Stevenson (D) Green tickY
1893 26D, 7R 56D, 44R John L. Mitchell (D) 6D, 4R
1894
1895 William H. Upham (R) Emil Baensch (R) Henry Casson (R) William H. Mylrea (R) Sewell A. Peterson (R) John Q. Emery (R) 20R, 13D 81R, 19D 10R
1896 McKinley/
Hobart (R) Green tickY
1897 Edward Scofield (R) 29R, 4D 90R, 9D, 1Fus John Coit Spooner (R)[l]
1898
1899 Jesse Stone (R)[a] William Froehlich (R) Emmett R. Hicks (R) James O. Davidson (R) Lorenzo D. Harvey (R) 31R, 2D 81R, 19D Joseph V. Quarles (R)
Year Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State Attorney General Treasurer Supt. of Pub. Inst. State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator
(Class I)		 U.S. Senator
(Class III)		 U.S.
House		 Electoral votes
Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress

1900–1949

Year Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress Electoral
votes
Governor Lieutenant
Governor		 Secretary of State Attorney General Treasurer Supt. of Pub. Inst. State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator
(Class I)		 U.S. Senator
(Class III)		 U.S.
House
1900 Edward Scofield (R) Jesse Stone (R)[a] William Froehlich (R) Emmett R. Hicks (R) James O. Davidson (R) Lorenzo D. Harvey (R) 31R, 2D 81R, 19D Joseph V. Quarles (R) John Coit Spooner (R)[l] 10R McKinley/
Roosevelt (R) Green tickY
1901 Robert M. La Follette (R)[m] 82R, 18D
1902 James O. Davidson (R)
1903 Walter Houser (R) Lafayette M.
Sturdevant (R) 		John J. Kempf (R)[n] Charles P. Cary (R) 30R, 3D 75R, 25D 10R, 1D
1904 Thomas M. Purtell (R)[c] Roosevelt/
Fairbanks (R) Green tickY
1905 John J. Kempf (R)[n] Charles P. Cary (NP/R) 28R, 4D, 1SD 85R, 11D, 4SD 10R, 1D
1906 James O. Davidson (R)[f] vacant Robert M. La Follette (R)
1907 William D. Connor (R) James A. Frear (R) Frank L. Gilbert (R) Andrew H. Dahl (R) 27R, 5D, 1SD 76R, 19D, 5SD Isaac Stephenson (R) 9R, 2D
1908 Taft/
Sherman (R) Green tickY
1909 John Strange (R) 28R, 4D, 1SD 80R, 17D, 3SD 10R, 1D
1910
1911 Francis E. McGovern (R) Thomas Morris (R) Levi H. Bancroft (R) 27R, 4D, 2SD 59R, 29D, 12SD 8R, 2D, 1Soc
1912 Wilson/
Marshall (D) Green tickY
1913 John Donald (R) Walter C. Owen (R)[l] Henry Johnson (R) 23R, 9D, 1SD 57R, 37D, 6SD 8R, 3D
1914
1915 Emanuel L. Philipp (R) Edward Dithmar (R) 21R, 11D, 1SD 63R, 29D, 8SD Paul O. Husting (D)[a]
1916 Hughes/
Fairbanks (R) Red XN
1917 Merlin Hull (R) 24R, 6D, 3Soc 79R, 14D, 7Soc 11R
1918 Spencer Haven (R)[c] Irvine Lenroot (R)
1919 John J. Blaine (R) 27R, 4Soc, 2D 79R, 16Soc, 5D 10R, 1Soc
1920 Harding/
Coolidge (R) Green tickY
1921 John J. Blaine (R) George Comings (R) Elmer Hall (R) William J. Morgan (R) John Callahan (NP) 92R, 6Soc, 2D 11R
1922
1923 Fred R. Zimmerman (R)[a] Herman Ekern (R) Solomon Levitan (R) 30R, 3Soc 89R, 10Soc, 1D 10R, 1Soc
1924 La Follette/
Wheeler (Prog) Red XN
1925 Henry Huber (R) 29R, 4Soc 91R, 8Soc, 1D Robert M. La Follette Jr. (R)
1926
1927 Fred R. Zimmerman (R) Theodore Dammann (R) John W. Reynolds Sr. (R) 31R, 2Soc 89R, 8Soc, 3D John J. Blaine (R)
1928 Hoover/
Curtis (R) Green tickY
1929 Walter J. Kohler Sr. (R) 91R, 5D, 3Soc, 1I 11R
1930
1931 Philip La Follette (R) 30R, 2Soc, 1D 88R, 9Soc, 3D 10R, 1D
1932 Roosevelt/
Garner (D) Green tickY
1933 Albert G. Schmedeman (D) Thomas J. O'Malley (D)[a] James E. Finnegan (D) Robert Kirkland Henry (D) 23R, 9D, 1Soc 59D, 38R, 3Soc F. Ryan Duffy (D) 5D, 5R
1934
1935 Philip La Follette (WP) Theodore Dammann (WP) 14D, 13WP, 6R[o] 45WP, 35D, 17R, 3Soc[p] Robert M. La Follette Jr. (WP) 7WP, 3D
1936 Henry Gunderson (WP)[q]
1937 Herman Ekern (WP) Orland Steen Loomis (WP) Solomon Levitan (WP) 16WP, 9D, 8R[r] 46WP, 31D, 21R, 2Soc[s]
1938
1939 Julius P. Heil (R) Walter Samuel Goodland (R) Fred R. Zimmerman (R) John E. Martin (R)[a] John M. Smith (R)[a] 16R, 11WP, 6D 53R, 32WP, 15D Alexander Wiley (R) 8R, 2WP
1940 Roosevelt/
Wallace (D) Green tickY
1941 23R, 6WP, 4D 60R, 25WP, 15D 6R, 3WP, 1D
1942
1943 Orland Steen Loomis (WP)[t] 73R, 14D, 13WP 5R, 3D, 2WP
Walter Samuel
Goodland (R)[a][t] 		vacant
1944 Dewey/
Bricker (R) Red XN
1945 Oscar Rennebohm (R) 22R, 6D, 5WP 75R, 19D, 5WP 7R, 2D, 1WP
1946
1947 Oscar Rennebohm (R)[f] vacant John L. Sonderegger (R)[c][u] 27R, 5D, 1WP 88R, 12D Joseph McCarthy (R) 10R
1948
Grover L. Broadfoot (R)[c] Clyde M. Johnston (NP)[c] Truman/
Barkley (D) Green tickY
1949 George M. Smith (R) Thomas E. Fairchild (D) Warren R. Smith (R) George Earl Watson (NP) 28R, 5D 74R, 26D 8R, 2D
Year Governor Lieutenant
Governor		 Secretary of State Attorney General Treasurer Supt. of Pub. Inst. State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator
(Class I)		 U.S. Senator
(Class III)		 U.S.
House		 Electoral
votes
Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress

1950–1999

Year Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress Electoral votes
Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State Attorney General Treasurer State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator (Class I) U.S. Senator (Class III) U.S. House
1950 Oscar Rennebohm (R)[f] George M. Smith (R) Fred R. Zimmerman (R) Thomas E. Fairchild (D) Warren R. Smith (R)[a] 28R, 5D 74R, 26D Joseph McCarthy (R) Alexander Wiley (R) 8R, 2D Truman/
Barkley (D)
1951 Walter J. Kohler Jr. (R) Vernon Wallace Thomson (R) 26R, 7D 76R, 24D 9R, 1D
1952 Eisenhower/
Nixon (R) Green tickY
1953 75R, 25D
1954 Louis Allis (R)[c]
1955 Warren P. Knowles (R) Glenn M. Wise (R) 25R, 8D 64R, 36D 7R, 3D
1956
1957 Vernon Wallace Thomson (R) Robert C. Zimmerman (R) Stewart G. Honeck (R) 23R, 10D 67R, 33D William Proxmire (D)
1958 Dena A. Smith (R)[c]
1959 Gaylord Nelson (D) Philleo Nash (D) John W. Reynolds Jr. (D) Eugene M. Lamb (D) 20R, 13D 55D, 45R 5D, 5R
1960 Nixon/
Lodge (R) Red XN
1961 Warren P. Knowles (R) Dena A. Smith (R)[a] 55R, 45D 6R, 4D
1962
1963 John W. Reynolds Jr. (D) Jack B. Olson (R) George Thompson (R) 22R, 11D 53R, 47D Gaylord Nelson (D)
1964 Johnson/
Humphrey (D) Green tickY
1965 Warren P. Knowles (R) Patrick Lucey (D) Bronson La Follette (D) 20R, 13D 52D, 48R 5D, 5R
1966
1967 21R, 12D 52R, 48D 7R, 3D
1968 Jack B. Olson (R) Harold W. Clemens (R)[c] Nixon/
Agnew (R) Green tickY
1969 Robert W. Warren (R) 23R, 10D 52R, 48D 6R, 4D
1970
1971 Patrick Lucey (D) Martin J. Schreiber (D) Charles P. Smith (D) 20R, 13D 67D, 33R 5D, 5R
1972
1973 Victor A. Miller (D) 18R, 15D 62D, 37R 5D, 4R
1974 Bronson La Follette (D)
1975 Doug La Follette (D) 19D, 14R 63D, 36R 7D, 2R
1976 Carter/
Mondale (D) Green tickY
1977 Martin J. Schreiber (D) vacant 23D, 10R 66D, 33R
1978
1979 Lee S. Dreyfus (R) Russell Olson (R) Vel Phillips (D) 21D, 12R 60D, 39R 6D, 3R
1980 Reagan/
Bush (R) Green tickY
1981 19D, 14R 58D, 40R, 1 vac.[v] Bob Kasten (R) 5D, 4R
1982
1983 Tony Earl (D) James Flynn (D) Doug La Follette (D) 19D, 14R 59D, 40R
1984
1985 19D, 14R 52D, 47R
1986
1987 Tommy Thompson (R) Scott McCallum (R) Don Hanaway (R) 54D, 45R
1988 Dukakis/
Bentsen (D) Red XN
1989 20D, 13R 56D, 43R Herb Kohl (D)
1990
1991 Jim Doyle (D) Cathy Zeuske (R) 19D, 14R 58D, 41R 5R, 4D
1992 Clinton/
Gore (D) Green tickY
1993 18D, 15R 52D, 47R Russ Feingold (D)
17R, 16D[w]
1994
1995 Jack Voight (R) 51R, 48D 6R, 3D
1996
17D, 16R[x]
1997 52R, 47D 5D, 4R
1998
17R, 16D[y]
1999 17D, 16R 54R, 45D
Year Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary of State Attorney General Treasurer State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator (Class I) U.S. Senator (Class III) U.S. House Electoral votes
Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress

2000–present

Year Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress Electoral votes
Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary
of State		 Attorney General Treasurer Sup. of Pub. Inst. State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator
(Class I)		 U.S. Senator
(Class III)		 U.S.
House
2000 Tommy Thompson (R)[z] Scott McCallum (R) Doug La Follette (D)[l] Jim Doyle (D) Jack Voight (R) John T. Benson (NP/D) 17D, 16R 54R, 45D Herb Kohl (D) Russ Feingold (D) 5D, 4R Gore/
Lieberman (D) Red XN
2001 Scott McCallum (R)[aa] Margaret Farrow (R) Elizabeth Burmaster (NP/D) 18D, 15R 56R, 43D
2002
2003 Jim Doyle (D) Barbara Lawton (D) Peg Lautenschlager (D) 18R, 15D 58R, 41D 4R, 4D
2004 Kerry/
Edwards (D) Red XN
2005 19R, 14D 60R, 39D
2006
2007 J. B. Van Hollen (R) Dawn Marie Sass (D) 18D, 15R 52R, 47D 5D, 3R
2008 Obama/
Biden (D) Green tickY
2009 Tony Evers (NP/D) 52D, 46R, 1I
2010
2011 Scott Walker (R) Rebecca Kleefisch (R) Kurt W. Schuller (R) 19R, 14D 59R, 39D, 1I Ron Johnson (R) 5R, 3D
17R, 16D[ab]
2012 17D, 16R[ac]
2013 18R, 15D 60R, 39D Tammy Baldwin (D)
2014
2015 Brad Schimel (R) Matt Adamczyk (R) 19R, 14D 63R, 36D
2016 Trump/
Pence (R) Green tickY
2017 20R, 13D 64R, 35D
2018 18R, 15D
2019 Tony Evers (D) Mandela Barnes (D) Josh Kaul (D) Sarah Godlewski (D) Carolyn Stanford
Taylor (NP/D)[c] 		19R, 14D 63R, 36D
2020 Biden/
Harris (D) Green tickY
2021 Jill Underly (NP/D) 21R, 12D 61R, 38D
2022
2023 Sara Rodriguez (D) Sarah Godlewski (D)[c] John Leiber (R) 22R, 11D 64R, 35D 6R, 2D
2024 [to be determined]
Year Governor Lieutenant Governor Secretary
of State		 Attorney General Treasurer Sup. of Pub. Inst. State Senate State Assembly U.S. Senator
(Class I)		 U.S. Senator
(Class III)		 U.S.
House		 Electoral votes
Executive offices State Legislature United States Congress
Key to party colors and abbreviations for members of the U.S. Congress and other politicians or officials
Alaskan Independence (AKIP)
American (Know Nothing) (KN)
American Labor (AL)
Anti-Jacksonian (Anti-J)
National Republican (NR)
Anti-Administration (AA)
Anti-Masonic (Anti-M)
Conservative (Con)
Democratic (D)
Democratic–Farmer–Labor (DFL)
Dixiecrat (Dix),
States' Rights (SR)
Democratic-Republican (DR)
Farmer–Labor (FL)
Federalist (F)
Pro-Administration (PA)
Free Soil (FS)
Fusion (Fus)
Greenback (GB)
Independence (IPM)
Independent Democrat (ID)
Independent Republican (IR)
Jacksonian (J)
Liberal (Lib)
Libertarian (L)
National Union (NU)
Nonpartisan League (NPL)
Democratic–Nonpartisan
League (D-NPL)
Nullifier (N)
Opposition Northern (O)
Opposition Southern (O)
Populist (Pop)
Progressive (Prog)
Prohibition (Proh)
Readjuster (Rea)
Republican (R)
Silver (Sv)
Silver Republican (SvR)
Socialist (Soc)
Unionist (U)
Unconditional Unionist (UU)
Vermont Progressive (VP)
Whig (W)
Independent (I)
Nonpartisan (NP)

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Died in office.
  2. ^ a b c Initially, Barstow was declared the winner of the 1855 election, but soon resigned amid claims that he had won through fraudulent means. MacArthur, as lieutenant governor, acted as governor for five days, until the Wisconsin Supreme Court declared Barstow's opponent, Bashford, the legitimate governor. Bashford completed the term, with MacArthur continuing to serve as lieutenant governor.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Appointed to fill a vacancy.
  4. ^ Resigned to become Chicago superintendent of schools.
  5. ^ Elected a Unionist, James W. Beardsley, as Speaker.[2]
  6. ^ a b c d As lieutenant governor, acted as governor for remainder of unexpired term.
  7. ^ Elected a Republican, Sam Fifield, as Speaker.[2]
  8. ^ Elected an Independent, John B. Cassoday, as Speaker. He ran on a Unionist ticket.[2]
  9. ^ Elected a Greenback, Augustus Barrows, as Speaker.[2]
  10. ^ During Rusk's first term, the Wisconsin Constitution was amended to provide that all elections of state and county officers would henceforth take place in even-numbered years. By the provisions of the amendment, the terms of all officials who would have left office in 1884, including Rusk, were extended by one year.
  11. ^ Also nominated by the Democratic Party and the Prohibition Party.
  12. ^ a b c d Resigned.
  13. ^ La Follette nominated himself to Wisconsin's vacant U.S. Senate seat in 1905 and was confirmed by the state Senate; he held both offices, leaving the senate seat unfilled, until he resigned from the office of governor to take his seat in the Senate.
  14. ^ a b Failed to give required bond.
  15. ^ Elected a Democrat, Harry W. Bolens, as President Pro Tempore.[3]
  16. ^ Elected a Progressive, Jorge W. Carow, as Speaker.[4]
  17. ^ Resigned to take an appointment to the state tax commission.
  18. ^ Elected a Progressive, Walter J. Rush, as President Pro Tempore.[5]
  19. ^ Elected a Progressive, Paul Alfonsi, as Speaker.[6]
  20. ^ a b Loomis was elected in 1942 but died before taking office. Per a ruling of the Wisconsin Supreme Court, Goodland, who had been re-elected lieutenant governor in the same election, acted as governor for the term.
  21. ^ Resigned to become State Insurance Commissioner.
  22. ^ The 47th Assembly district was vacant for most of this term due to a resignation followed by a disputed special election.
  23. ^ On April 6, 1993, three special elections were held, and in two of them, Republicans flipped the seats to their control, and thus took control of the chamber on April 20.[7][8]
  24. ^ On June 4, 1996, a special election was held, and Democrats flipped the seat to their control, and thus took control of the chamber on June 19.[9]
  25. ^ On April 7, 1998, a special election was held, and Republicans flipped the seat to their control, and thus took control of the chamber on April 20.[10][8]
  26. ^ Resigned to become United States Secretary of Health and Human Services.
  27. ^ Ascended to the governorship upon Gov. Thompson's resignation.
  28. ^ See 2011 Wisconsin Senate recall elections.
  29. ^ See 2012 Wisconsin Senate recall elections.

References

  1. ^ a b Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau (comp.). State of Wisconsin 2005-2006 Blue Book. Madison: Wisconsin Legislature Joint Committee on Legislative Organization, 2005, p. 271.
  2. ^ a b c d The State of Wisconsin Blue Book. Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau, distributed by Document Sales. 1973. p. 649.
  3. ^ The State of Wisconsin Blue Book. Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau, distributed by Document Sales. 1973. p. 648.
  4. ^ Sharp, Nancy Weatherly; Sharp, James Roger; Ritter, Charles F.; Wakelyn, Jon L. (1997). American Legislative Leaders in the Midwest, 1911-1994. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-313-30214-5.
  5. ^ https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=YQUtAAAAIBAJ&sjid=6tMFAAAAIBAJ&pg=4362,5129113&hl=en [dead link]
  6. ^ The State of Wisconsin Blue Book. Wisconsin Legislative Reference Bureau, distributed by Document Sales. 1973.
  7. ^ Journal of the Senate
  8. ^ a b President of the Senate Brian Rude
  9. ^ "Wisconsin Legislature: SJ96171". docs.legis.wisconsin.gov. Retrieved 2021-06-30.
  10. ^ "Wisconsin Legislature: sj042198e". docs.legis.wisconsin.gov. Retrieved 2021-06-30.

External links

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