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((more citations needed|date=September 2020))

((Politics of Madeira))

The '''politics of [[Madeira]]''', [[Portugal]], takes place in the framework of a [[semi-presidential]] [[representative democracy]] and of a pluriform [[multi-party system]]. The Representative of the Republic exercises some reserve powers on behalf of the [[President of the Portuguese Republic]]. Executive power is exercised by the [[Regional Government of Madeira|Regional Government]]. Legislative power is vested in the [[Legislative Assembly of Madeira|Legislative Assembly]]. All government's offices are headquartered in [[Funchal]], Madeira's [[capital city]].<ref>((cite web |title=Madeira Government |url=https://www.madeira-web.com/en/madeira/facts/government.html |website=Madeira Web |accessdate=9 September 2020))</ref><ref>((cite web |title=Economic, social and territorial situation of Portugal |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2019/629190/IPOL_BRI(2019)629190_EN.pdf |publisher=European Parliament |accessdate=9 September 2020 |pages=3–4))</ref>

== History ==
In the years immediately after the [[Carnation Revolution]] in 1974, a small clandestine [[far-right]] [[independence movement]] – the [[Madeira Archipelago Liberation Front]] (FLAMA) – was created in response to the perceived [[Processo Revolucionário Em Curso|communist threat]] in the country's [[Government of Portugal|central government]] and carried out several [[bomb attack]]s.<ref>((cite news |title=Conservative Madeirans Are Cool to the Revolutionary Politics of Mainland. Portugal |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/11/20/archives/conservative-madeirans-are-cool-to-the-revolutionary-politics-of.html |accessdate=9 September 2020 |work=The New York Times |date=20 November 1975))</ref>

The current [[Portuguese Constitution]], in force since 25 April 1976, granted political and administrative autonomy to the Madeiran and the [[Azores|Azorian archipelagoes]] and turned the local government throughout the country democratically elected. The first election for the [[Legislative Assembly of Madeira|Regional Assembly]] were held in that year. [[Jaime Ornelas Camacho]] was the first [[President of the Regional Government of Madeira|President]] of the [[Regional Government]].

Since the archipelago gained political autonomy from [[mainland Portugal]] in 1976, the [[centre-right]] [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Social Democratic Party]] (PSD) has always been in power, winning 11 absolute majorities in a row over 43 years, and until recently it had always ruled most municipalities. From 1978 to 2015, [[Alberto João Jardim]] was the sole President of the Regional Government, winning a total of 9 elections. In 2015, former Mayor of [[Funchal]] [[Miguel Albuquerque]] succeeded him. In [[2019 Madeiran regional election|2019]], for the first time since 1976, the PSD lost its parliamentary majority and was forced into a governmental coalition with the [[right-wing]] [[CDS-PP|Popular Party]].<ref>((cite news |last1=Ames |first1=Paul |title=Portugal's Costa gets Madeira boost ahead of election |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/portugal-antonio-costa-madeira-boost-ahead-of-general-election/ |accessdate=9 September 2020 |work=Politico.eu |date=23 September 2019))</ref>

Over the more than forty years of autonomy, a few [[Catholic priests]] stood out as some of the main [[political opposition]] figures against Alberto João Jardim's long-lasting rule, winning seats in parliament and municipalities for [[far-left]] ([[Portuguese Communist Party|Communist Party]] and [[Popular Democratic Union (Portugal)|Popular Democratic Union]]) and [[centre-left]] parties ([[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Socialist Party]]) and gathering disapproval from the Church local authorities.<ref>((cite news |last1=Garcia |first1=Javier |title=Madeira's rebel priests choose politics to beat inequality |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/madeiras-rebel-priests-choose-politics-to-beat-inequality-1357664.html |accessdate=9 September 2020 |work=El País |publisher=The Independent |date=10 October 1996))</ref>

== Reserve powers ==
((See also|Representative of the Republic for Madeira))

== Legislative branch ==
((see also|Legislative Assembly of Madeira|President of the Legislative Assembly of Madeira))

== Executive branch ==
((see also|Regional Government of Madeira|President of the Regional Government of Madeira))

== Local government ==
Madeira is divided in 11 ''[[municípios]]'' ([[municipalities]]), with each of these being split into ''[[freguesias]]'' ([[civil parishes]]), which add up to a total of 54.

=== Municipalities ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Municipality
!Population
!Mayor
! colspan="2" |Party
!Chair of the Municipal Assembly
! colspan="2" |Party
!Election
|-
![[Calheta, Madeira|Calheta]]
|10,867
|Carlos Manuel Teles
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|style="width: 10px"))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|Manuel Baeta de Castro
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Câmara de Lobos]]
|33,675
|Pedro Coelho
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|Manuel Pedro Freitas
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Funchal]]
|104,024
|[[Miguel Silva Gouveia]]
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|Mário Rodrigues
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Machico, Madeira|Machico]]
|19,981
|Ricardo Franco
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|João Bosco de Castro
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Ponta do Sol, Madeira|Ponta do Sol]]
|8,593
|[[Célia Pecegueiro]]
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|Simão Santos
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Porto Moniz]]
|2,342
|[[Emanuel Câmara]]
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|Lino Conceilção
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Porto Santo (Madeira)|Porto Santo]]
|5,202
|Idalino Vasconcelos
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|Fátima Silva
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Ribeira Brava, Madeira|Ribeira Brava]]
|12,435
|Ricardo Nascimento
| bgcolor="gray" style="width: 10px" |
|[[Independent politician|independent]]
|Rita Abreu
| bgcolor="gray" style="width: 10px" |
|[[Independent politician|independent]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Santa Cruz, Madeira|Santa Cruz]]
|45,281
|Filipe Sousa
| bgcolor="#0e776d;" style="width: 10px" |
|[[Together for the People|JPP]]
|Júlia Caré
| bgcolor="#0e776d;" style="width: 10px" |
|[[Together for the People|JPP]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Santana, Madeira|Santana]]
|6,711
|Dinarte Fernandes
| ((party color cell|CDS - People's Party))
|[[CDS-PP]]
|Martinho Rodrigues
| ((party color cell|CDS - People's Party))
|[[CDS-PP]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[São Vicente, Madeira|São Vicente]]
|5,143
|José António Garcês
| bgcolor="gray" style="width:10px" |
|[[Independent politician|independent]]
|Aires Santos
| bgcolor="gray" style="width: 10px" |
|[[Independent politician|independent]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|}

=== Parishes ===
'''Parishes with more than 10,000 inhabitants'''
{| class="wikitable"
!Parish
!Municipality
!Population
!Chair of the Council
! colspan="2" |Party
!Chair of the Assembly
! colspan="2" |Party
!Election
|-
![[Santo António (Funchal)|Santo António]]
![[Funchal]]
|27,437
|Rui Santos
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|style="width: 10px"))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|Gonçalo Jardim
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[São Martinho (Funchal)|São Martinho]]
![[Funchal]]
|26,464
|Duarte Caldeira
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|Thomas Dellinger
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Caniço (Santa Cruz)|Caniço]]
![[Santa Cruz, Madeira|Santa Cruz]]
|23,361
|Milton Teixeira
| bgcolor="#0e776d;" style="width: 10px" |
|JPP
|Luís Gaspar
| bgcolor="#0e776d;" style="width: 10px" |
|JPP
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
!Câmara de Lobos
![[Câmara de Lobos]]
|17,978
|Celso Bettencourt
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|Sónia Brazão
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Santa Maria Maior (Funchal)|Santa Maria Maior]]
![[Funchal]]
|13,387
|Guido Gomes
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|Juvenal Rodrigues
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
!Machico
![[Machico, Madeira|Machico]]
|11,249
|Alberto Olim
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|José Câmara
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
|[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|-
![[Estreito de Câmara de Lobos]]
![[Câmara de Lobos]]
|10,263
|Gabriel Pereira
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|Fernanda Caldeira
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
|[[PPD/PSD]]
|[[2017 Portuguese local elections|2017]]
|}

== Political parties and leaders ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Political party or alliance
! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |Constituent parties
! colspan="2" |[[2019 Madeiran regional election|Previous result]]
! rowspan="2" |Candidate
|-
!Votes (%)
!Seats
|-
| ((party color cell|Social Democratic Party (Portugal)))
| colspan="3" |[[Social Democratic Party (Portugal)|Social Democratic]]
|39.42
|21
|[[Miguel Albuquerque]]
|-
| ((party color cell|Socialist Party (Portugal)))
| colspan="3" |[[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Socialist]]
|35.76
|19
|[[Paulo Cafôfo]]
|-
| bgcolor="#0e776d;" style="width: 10px" |
| colspan="3" |[[Together for the People]]
|5.76
|3
|Élvio Sousa
|-
| ((party color cell|CDS - People's Party))
| colspan="3" |[[CDS – People's Party|People's]]
|5.47
|3
|Rui Barreto
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background:#FF0000;"|
| rowspan="2" |[[Unitary Democratic Coalition]]
| style="background:#FF0000;"|
|[[Portuguese Communist Party|Communist]]
| rowspan="2" |1.80
|1
| rowspan="2" |[[Edgar Silva]]
|-
| ((party color cell|Ecologist Party "The Greens"))
|[[Ecologist Party "The Greens"|The Greens]]
|–
|-
| ((party color cell|Left Bloc (Portugal)))
| colspan="3" |[[Left Bloc (Portugal)|Left Bloc]]
|1.74
|–
|Paulino Ascenção
|-
| style="background:teal;"|
| colspan="3" |[[People Animals Nature|People, Animals, Nature]]
|1.46
|–
|João Henrique de Freitas
|-
| style="background:yellow;"|
| colspan="3" |[[United Party of Retirees and Pensioners|Retirees and Pensioneers]]
|1.23
|–
|Rafael Macedo
|-
| style="background:LightSeaGreen;"|
| colspan="3" |[[React, Include, Recycle]]
|1.22
|–
|Roberto Vieira
|-
| style="background:#CC0033;"|
| colspan="3" |[[Portuguese Labour Party|Labour]]
|1.00
|–
|Raquel Coelho
|-
| style="background:#6AD1E3;"|
| colspan="3" |[[Alliance (Portugal)|Alliance]]
|0.53
|–
|Joaquim Sousa
|-
| style="background:#00ADEF;"|
| colspan="3" |[[Liberal Initiative (Portugal)|Liberal Initiative]]
|0.53
|–
|Nuno Morna
|-
| style="background:darkblue;"|
| colspan="3" |[[Chega (political party)|Enough]]
|0.43
|–
|Miguel Teixeira
|-
| style="background:black;"|
| colspan="3" |[[Democratic Republican Party (Portugal)|Democratic Republican]]
|0.42
|–
|Filipe Rebelo
|-
| ((party color cell|Communist Party of the Portuguese Workers / Reorganizative Movement of the Party of the Proletariat))
| colspan="3" |[[Portuguese Workers' Communist Party|Workers' Communist]]
|0.42
|–
|Fernanda Calaça
|-
| ((party color cell|Earth Party))
| colspan="3" |[[Earth Party|Earth]]
|0.35
|–
|Valter Rodrigues
|-
| ((party color cell|National Renovator Party))
| colspan="3" |[[Ergue-te (Portuguese political party)|Rise Up]]
|0.19
|–
|Álvaro Araújo
|}

== Opinion polling ==

((Empty section|date=December 2021))

== See also ==
* [[Politics of Portugal]]

((Madeiran elections))

== References ==
((reflist))

[[Category:Politics of Madeira]]

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