Porsche Supercup

The official logo of Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup
Category	One-make GT3 racing by Porsche
Country	International
Inaugural season	1993
Drivers	24
Teams	13
Constructors	Porsche
Engine suppliers	Porsche
Tyre suppliers	Michelin
Drivers' champion	Bastian Buus
Teams' champion	BWT Lechner Racing
Official website	porsche.com/international
Current season

The Porsche Supercup (officially known as Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup, known as Porsche Michelin Supercup prior to 2007)^[1] is an international one-make sports car racing series supporting the FIA Formula One World Championship organized by Porsche Motorsport GmbH.

Porsche Supercup drivers compete in identical Porsche 911 GT3 Cup cars. On average, 24 race cars take part in each race. Most circuits visited by the series are European, although circuits in Bahrain, United Arab Emirates, the United States and Mexico have been included in the calendar as well.

History

Since 1993 the Porsche Michelin Supercup has run as support to the FIA Formula One World Championship. The number of races has grown from the original nine to total 13 in 2006, although decreasing to 11 in 2017 and eight in 2020.

Regulations

Two sets of slick tyres may be used per car each weekend. The number of wet tyres is unlimited. The tyres are identical for all competitors and are not permitted to be pre-warmed or chemically treated.

In-race pit stops are not mandatory and no refueling is allowed during the race, but pit stops are allowed when necessary (e.g., in case of tyre puncture, body damage, changes in weather conditions, etc.).

Racing flags

These are the racing flags that usually used in every Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup race weekends:

Flag	Names	Meaning
	SC Board (Safety Car)	Shown in conjunction with a yellow flag to indicate that the Safety Car is on track. Full course yellow flag applies. Drivers must hold position and slow down.
	VSC Board (Virtual Safety Car)	Shown in conjunction with a yellow flag to indicate that the virtual safety car is in use. During this time, the drivers are given maximum sector times that they must stay below. Full course double yellow flag applies.[2]
	Green	Normal racing conditions apply. This is usually shown following a yellow flag to indicate that the hazard has been passed. A green flag is shown at all stations for the lap following the end of a full-course yellow (or safety car). A green flag is also shown at the start of every race sessions (free practice, qualifying and race).
	Yellow	Indicates a hazard on or near the track (waved yellows indicate a hazard on the track, frozen yellows indicate a hazard near the track). Double waved yellows inform drivers that they must slow down as marshals are working on or near to the track and drivers should be prepared to stop.
	Yellow and red striped	Slippery track, due to oil, water or loose debris. Can be seen 'rocked' from side-to-side (not waved) to indicate a small animal on track.
	Blue	A blue flag indicates that the driver in front must let faster cars behind him pass because he is being lapped. If flag is missed 3 times the driver could be penalised.
	White	Indicates that there is a slow car ahead. Often waved at the end of the pit lane when a car is about to leave the pits.
	Black and orange circle	Car is damaged or has a mechanical problem, must return to the pit lane immediately. Will be accompanied by driver's number
	Half black half white	Warns a driver for poor sportsmanship or dangerous behaviour. Can be followed by a Black flag upon further infringement. Accompanied by the driver's number.
	Black	Driver is disqualified. Will be accompanied by the driver's number. This can be issued after a Half Black Half White flag.
	Red	A red flag immediately halts a race or session when conditions become too dangerous to continue.
	Chequered flag	End of the practice, qualifying or racing session.

Racing cars

Chassis

Porsche Supercup cars adhere to a rear-engined rear-wheel-drive design. A roll cage serves as a carbon-fibre space frame chassis and is covered by a multiple-gauge sheet metal body. They have a closed cockpit, fenders, a rear wing, and an aerodynamic splitter. Each team may purchase cars and engines from other teams.

The car has a front MacPherson strut suspension, and a rear Multi-link suspension. Brake discs must be made of steel and may not exceed 380 mm (15 in) diameter. The only aerodynamic components on the vehicles are the front splitter, rear wing, solid polycarbonate glass window in the windows only, and side skirts. The use of rear diffusers, vortex generators, canards, wheel well vents, hood vents, and undertrays are prohibited.

Porsche Supercup cars are required to have at least 1 working windshield wiper installed on the car for all tracks as a part of the road racing rules package.

Evolution of Porsche Supercup cars

911 Cup (Type 964)

For the inaugural 1993 Porsche Supercup season the 964 Cup (used in Carrera Cup from 1992) based on the 964 Carrera RS (itself based on the earlier 1990 964 Carrera Cup) was the vehicle of choice. Compared to the road car the Cup race car features a similarly stripped-out interior and retains the catalytic converter, 18 inch magnesium wheels and ABS but was lowered by 20mm, featured a full roll cage and no passenger seat.

911 Cup 3.8 (Type 993)

Based on the 993 Carrera 2 and used in the Porsche Supercup for seasons 1994–1997. Updated in 1995 with aero parts from the new Carrera RS, followed by a five-horsepower increase to 315 PS (232 kW; 311 hp) at 6,200 rpm in 1996. 216 units were produced in total.

911 GT3 Cup (Type 996)

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 1998–2001. Basis for the upcoming 996 GT3 road car, featuring a 3.6 litre boxer engine on basis of the GT1 block. For the 1999 season the engine output was increased to 272 kW (370 PS; 365 bhp) and 370 N⋅m (273 lbf⋅ft) at 6,250 rpm. The car managed the 0-100 km/h (62 mph) sprint in four seconds, with a top speed of 286 km/h (178 mph). For the 2001 season the GT3 Cup received modified aerodynamics including an enlarged rear wing and improved cooling.^[3][4]

911 GT3 Cup (Type 996 II)

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 2002–2004. For 2002 the GT3 Cup received several changes based on the 996.2 Carrera and Turbo models, including Turbo-style headlights. The new body significantly improves aerodynamics and cooling. Engine output is increased to 280 kW (381 PS; 375 bhp) and 380 N⋅m (280 lbf⋅ft), further changes include improved transmission cooling, a lightened exhaust system and other light-weighing measures across the car.^[5] For the 2004 season the car received further upgrades. Engine output is once again increased slightly, to 287 kW (390 PS; 385 bhp) at 7,200 rpm and 390 N⋅m (288 lbf⋅ft) at 6,500 rpm. Gear ratios of fourth, fifth and sixth gears have been shortened. An 89-litre fuel tank improves endurance racing capabilities. In the interior changes are made to enable the use of the HANS device.^[6]

911 GT3 Cup (Type 997)

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 2005–2009. The 997-based Cup car features significantly improved aerodynamics and lightweight CFRP parts, including doors, rear body panels, engine deck lid and rear wing. Parts of the suspension are adopted from the GT3 RSR.^[7]

911 GT3 Cup 3.8 (Type 997 II)

Raced in the Porsche Supercup seasons 2010–2012. Based on 997.2 GT3 RS, the car features a new 3.8 litre engine, an enlarged rear wing adopted from 911 GT3 Cup S measuring 1.70 m (67 in), additional Unibal joints on the track control arms and front and rear sword-shaped anti-roll bars with seven position settings each and a steering wheel mounted Info Display with 6 switches. The vehicle was unveiled at the 2009 Frankfurt Motor Show and deliveries began in the same year. The base MSRP of the European model was €149,850 (before tax).^[8][9]

911 GT3 Cup (Type 991)

Based on the Porsche 911 GT3 type 991, this 911 GT3 Cup was used in the Porsche Supercup for the seasons 2013–2016. The Porsche 911 GT3 Cup Type 991 features the new gearbox paddle-shifters for the first time.

911 GT3 Cup (Type 991 II)

Raced in the Porsche Supercup from the 2017 season until the end of the 2020 season. Based on the latest 911 GT3 road car it features a larger 4.0-litre flat-six boxer engine, improved aerodynamics and an enlarged escape-hatch in the roof and is priced at €189,900 excluding taxes.^[10]

911 GT3 Cup (Type 992)

The standard Porsche 911 GT3 Cup (Type 992) raced in the Porsche Supercup starting for the first time in the 2021 season and is expected to race for the next few seasons.^[11] Based on the latest 911 GT3 road car, the 911 GT3 Cup Type 992 engines will remain the same as the 911 GT3 Cup (Type 991 II) but the power output will increase slightly from 485 to 510 bhp (362 to 380 kW; 492 to 517 PS).^[12]

Transmission, gearbox and clutches

For the transmission gearboxes, all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars currently utilize a semi-automatic transmission with a 6-speed gearbox (including reverse gear) operated by paddle shifters and supplied by in-house Porsche since the 2013 season. From 1993 to 2012, all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars used sequential manual transmission with a 6-speed gearbox operated by a conventional sequential shifter. The clutch of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars is a sintered metal-plate clutch operated by foot-pedal and provided by ZF Sachs. The mechanical limited-slip differential is also allowed and constant velocity joint tripod driveshafts are also used. All Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars drivetrain is currently rear-engine with rear-wheel-drive layout.

Cockpit and safety components

For the safety equipment, all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars seating utilizes racing bucket driver's seat with 6-point seat belts. The steering wheel of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are made exclusively in-house by Porsche Motorsport GmbH. All Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are also equipped with Cosworth Omega Intelligent Colour Display units since 2013 until 2020 season until it was replaced by all-new larger in-house Porsche Motorsport display units from 2021 season onwards. The fire extinguisher of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are included in the bottom right-hand side underneath. The interior rear-view mirror is still currently used since 1993 until present.

The cockpit of all Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup cars are fully protected by doors, windshields and roofs (shielded by polycarbonate glass for windscreen, side windows and rear windows including also windshield wipers for rain weather only in the windscreen) because of current coupé-type car.

Championships

Driver championship

Points are assigned to the first 15 finishers of each race and all races count towards the championship. To receive points, a driver must compete in multiple races per season. Since 2008, there have been two bonus points awarded for the driver who secures pole position in qualifying.

In the case of a tie, Porsche Supercup will determine the champion based on the most first-place finishes. If there is still a tie, Porsche Supercup will determine the champion by the most second-place finishes, then the most third-place finishes, etc., until a champion is determined. Porsche Supercup will apply the same system to other ties in the rankings at the close of the season and at any other time during the season.

Team championship

The points of the two best drivers of each team are added up. At the end of the season Porsche rewards the three best placed teams with prize money.

Prize money

In 2006 and 2007, Porsche AG pays around 820,000 euros to drivers and teams. Per race the winner receives 9,000 euros, the runner-up 7,500 euros and the third placed driver 6,500 euros. For a 15th place 1,400 euros are paid. Additionally, the 2006 or 2007 champion receives a Porsche road car. The driver with the fastest laps will be given a premium watch from Porsche Design.

In 2015, Porsche says it pays "more than 730,000 Euros in prize money to drivers and teams. In addition, the overall winner receives a special prize. The winner of the rookie classification receives an additional prize of 30,000 Euros providing he/she reregisters for the following year’s Porsche Mobil 1 Supercup."^[13]

Champions

Dutch driver Patrick Huisman is the most successful driver in the championship, having won four straight titles between 1997 and 2000. Huisman's record is followed by René Rast and Michael Ammermüller with three titles and Jeroen Bleekemolen, Richard Westbrook, and Larry ten Voorde with two titles each. The reigning champion is Danish driver Bastian Buus.

Season	Champion	Team Champion	Car Model
1993	Altfrid Heger	Porsche Zentrum Koblenz	Porsche 911 (964) Cup
1994	Uwe Alzen	Porsche Zentrum Koblenz	Porsche 911 (993) GT3 Cup 3.8
1995	Jean-Pierre Malcher	JMB Competition	Porsche 911 (993) GT3 Cup 3.8
1996	Emmanuel Collard	Oberbayern Motorsport	Porsche 911 (993) GT3 Cup 3.8
1997	Patrick Huisman	Olaf Manthey Racing	Porsche 911 (993) GT3 Cup 3.8
1998	Patrick Huisman	Olaf Manthey Racing	Porsche 911 (996 I) GT3 Cup (1998–2001)
1999	Patrick Huisman	Olaf Manthey Racing	Porsche 911 (996 I) GT3 Cup (1998–2001)
2000	Patrick Huisman	Olaf Manthey Racing	Porsche 911 (996 I) GT3 Cup (1998–2001)
2001	Jörg Bergmeister	Farnbacher Racing	Porsche 911 (996 I) GT3 Cup (1998–2001)
2002	Stéphane Ortelli	Kadach Tuning	Porsche 911 (996 II) GT3 Cup
2003	Frank Stippler	Farnbacher Racing	Porsche 911 (996 II) GT3 Cup
2004	Wolf Henzler	Farnbacher Racing	Porsche 911 (996 II) GT3 Cup
2005	Alessandro Zampedri	Walter Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (997 I) GT3 Cup
2006	Richard Westbrook	Jetstream Motorsport	Porsche 911 (997 I) GT3 Cup
2007	Richard Westbrook	HISAQ Competition	Porsche 911 (997 I) GT3 Cup
2008	Jeroen Bleekemolen	Jetstream Motorsport	Porsche 911 (997 I) GT3 Cup
2009	Jeroen Bleekemolen	Konrad Motorsport	Porsche 911 (997 I) GT3 Cup
2010	René Rast	Al Faisal Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (997 II) GT3 Cup
2011	René Rast	Veltins Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (997 II) GT3 Cup
2012	René Rast	Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (997 II) GT3 Cup
2013	Nicki Thiim	Attempto Racing	Porsche 911 (991 I) GT3 Cup
2014	Earl Bamber	VERVA Lechner Racing Team	Porsche 911 (991 I) GT3 Cup
2015	Philipp Eng	Lechner Racing Middle East	Porsche 911 (991 I) GT3 Cup
2016	Sven Müller	Lechner MSG Racing Team	Porsche 911 (991 I) GT3 Cup
2017	Michael Ammermüller	Lechner MSG Racing Team	Porsche 911 (991 I) GT3 Cup
2018	Michael Ammermüller	BWT Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (991 II) GT3 Cup
2019	Michael Ammermüller	BWT Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (991 II) GT3 Cup
2020	Larry ten Voorde	Team GP Elite	Porsche 911 (991 II) GT3 Cup
2021	Larry ten Voorde	Team GP Elite	Porsche 911 (992) GT3 Cup
2022	Dylan Pereira	BWT Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (992) GT3 Cup
2023	Bastian Buus	BWT Lechner Racing	Porsche 911 (992) GT3 Cup

Circuits

• Albert Park Circuit (1999)
• Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez (2017–2019)
• Bahrain International Circuit (2006–2010, 2012)
• Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya (1993–1995, 1999–2011, 2013–2020)
• Circuit de Monaco (1993–2019, 2021–present)
• Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours (1993–1997, 2000, 2003–2008)
• Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps (1993–1999, 2001–2002, 2004–2005, 2007–present)
• Circuit of the Americas (2014–2016)
• Circuit Zandvoort (2021–present)
• Circuit Paul Ricard (2022)
• Circuito do Estoril (1994, 1996)
• Hockenheimring (1993–2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018–2019)
• Hungaroring (1993–2021, 2023–present)
• Imola Circuit (1993–2006, 2022, 2024)
• Indianapolis Motor Speedway (2000–2006)
• Istanbul Park (2007–2009, 2011)
• Monza Circuit (1998, 2001–present)
• Nürburgring (1995–2007, 2009, 2011, 2013)
• Nürburgring Nordschleife (2011)
• Red Bull Ring (1997–2003, 2014–present)
• Silverstone Circuit (1994–2020, 2022–present)
• Valencia Street Circuit (2008–2010, 2012)
• Yas Marina Circuit (2009, 2011, 2013)

Popularity

At the Grand Prix circuits during 2006 an average of 125,000 spectators witnessed the action from the grandstands at each round. According to Porsche AG races attracted 22 million TV viewers worldwide, most of them in Europe where Eurosport provided regular coverage.^[14]

Porsche Carrera Cup

Porsche also runs many regional and national one-make production racing series around the globe.