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((Short description|Le Mans prototype race car))
((More citations needed|date=June 2018))
((Infobox racing car
| Car_name         = Porsche WSC-95
| Image            = Joest WSC95.jpg
| Caption          = The original WSC-95 at [[Donington Park]]
| Category         = [[Le Mans Prototype]]
| Constructor      = [[Porsche AG]]<br />([[Tom Walkinshaw Racing]])
| Designer         = [[Ross Brawn]] <small>(technical director)</small><ref name=wsc>((Cite web|url=https://www.ultimatecarpage.com/spec/6384/Porsche-TWR-WSC95.html|title = 1996 Porsche TWR WSC95 Specifications))</ref><br>Tony Dowe <small>(engineer)</small><ref name=wsc /><br>Ian Reed <small>(designer, gearbox)</small><ref name=collier>((Cite web|url=https://www.collierautomedia.com/porsche-twr-wsc95|title = Porsche TWR WSC95|date = 16 September 2020))</ref>
| Predecessor      = [[Porsche 962|Porsche 962C]],<br />[[Jaguar XJR-14]] (original)
| Successor        = [[Porsche RS Spyder]] <br />[[Porsche LMP2000]] (planned, LMP)
| Team             = 
| Drivers          = 
| Technical ref    = <!-- <ref name=tech>Insert formatted reference</ref> -->
| Chassis          = 
| Front suspension = 
| Rear suspension  = 
| Length           = <!-- Use: ((convert|XXX|in|cm|1|abbr=on)) -->
| Width            = <!-- Use: ((convert|XXX|in|cm|1|abbr=on)) -->
| Height           = <!-- Use: ((convert|XXX|in|cm|1|abbr=on)) -->
| Wheelbase        = <!-- Use: ((convert|XXX|in|cm|1|abbr=on)) -->
| Track            = <!-- Use: ((convert|XXX|in|cm|1|abbr=on)) -->
| Engine name      = 
| Capacity         = ((convert|3.0|L|cuin|1|abbr=on))<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.racingcardraws.com/twr-porsche-wsc-95-n-7-1996/|title = TWR Porsche WSC-95 n.7 Winner 24 Hours of le Mans 1996|date = 31 December 2017))</ref><ref>((Cite web|url=https://www.supercars.net/blog/1996-joest-porsche-wsc/|title=1996 Joest-Porsche WSC &#124; Race Car|date=24 February 2016))</ref><ref name=collier />
| Configuration    = [[Porsche flat-six engine|Type-935 Flat-6]]
| Power            = ((convert|540|hp|kW|1|abbr=on))<ref name=wsc />
| Turbo/NA         = Turbo
| Engine position  = [[mid-engine]]
| Gearbox name     = 
| Gears            = 
| Type             = 
| Differential     = 
| Weight           = <!-- Use: ((convert|XXX|kg|lb|1|abbr=on)) -->
| Fuel             = 
| Lubricants       = 
| Tyres            = 
| Debut            = 
| Races            = 
| Wins             = 
| Cons_champ       = 
| Drivers_champ    = 
| Teams_champ      = 
| Poles            = 
| Fastest_laps     = 
))
The '''Porsche WSC-95''' (sometimes referred to as the '''TWR WSC-95''') was a [[Le Mans Prototype]] originally built by [[Tom Walkinshaw Racing]]. It was modified by Porsche from the original Group C [[Jaguar XJR-14]] from which it derived,<ref name=MC>((Cite web|title=Mulsanne's Corner: 1991-1992 Jaguar XJR-14|url=http://www.mulsannescorner.com/JaguarXJR-14.html|access-date=2020-07-10|website=www.mulsannescorner.com))</ref> and run by [[Joest Racing]]. Originally intended to race in the [[International Motor Sports Association|IMSA]] [[IMSA GT Championship|World Sportscar Championship]], the WSC-95 saw very little race action even though it won the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] in both ((24hLM|1996)) and ((24hLM|1997)) without being acknowledged as a factory supported project. It was later upgraded to the '''Porsche LMP1-98''' before being retired. Only two cars were ever built.

==Development==
In 1994, [[Porsche]] approved the beginning of a project to develop a prototype for the [[International Motor Sports Association]] (IMSA) series, running under the World Sports Car (WSC) regulations. The car was not a factory-backed effort, yet was approved by Porsche and use some of their expertise and most of all their powerplant. [[Tom Walkinshaw Racing]] (TWR) used the [[Jaguar XJR-14|XJR-14]] chassis number 691,<ref name=MC/> modified by [[Porsche]].

For an engine, Porsche used one of their longest running motors, the Type-935 turbocharged Flat-6. Originally used in the [[Porsche 956]] in the 1980s, the engine was still powerful enough to power modern prototypes. While Porsche's new [[Porsche 911 GT1|911 GT1]]s used a 3.2 Litre engine, the WSC-95 used a smaller 3.0 Litre engine. Although smaller, this gave the WSC-95 a better fuel economy than the 911 GT1, which was useful over long race distances.

Unfortunately, the IMSA WSC regulations were changed prior to the 1995 season, leading to Porsche canceling the project.  However, in February 1996 [[Reinhold Joest]] of the Joest Racing team convinced Porsche to give the unused prototype to his team, and for them to compete in the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]]. With approval from Porsche, Joest put forth the money to allow for the construction of a second car from scratch, as well as the slight modifications to the existing car in order to meet the [[Le Mans Prototype]] (LMP1) regulations. Porsche agreed to help in the development of the car only if Joest agreed to pay for the services.

Following the success of the WSC-95s in winning both the ((24hLM|1996)) and [[1997 24 Hours of Le Mans]], [[Porsche]] decided to take over the project themselves. Both WSC-95 chassis underwent major revisions to their bodywork. The nose was raised in the middle, while to the sides sculpting allowed for the moving of the air intakes for the engine, necessitating the removal of the large scoop underneath the rollbar. The sides of the car were also redesigned, with the large opening for the radiator vents covered up while exhaust vents were also rearranged. The Type-935 Flat-6 was also upgraded, expanded out to 3.2 Litres. Having become a proper factory undertaking, the cars became officially known as the Porsche LMP1-98s.

== Racing history ==
The two WSC-95s were completed just in time for [[Joest Racing]] to go to the Le Mans test session in May. There, the two cars showed their pace early by setting the fifth and tenth fastest times, easily beating the factory [[Porsche 911 GT1]]s. A few weeks later at Le Mans, the WSC-95s showed their improvements and the #8 entry was at the [[pole position]], while #7 was seventh. However the 911 GT1s had also improved, taking the fourth and fifth fastest qualifying positions. During the race, the #7 WSC-95 led for nearly the entire race, although closely followed by the factory 911 GT1s. The #8 entry remained towards the front as well, although it succumbed to mechanical failures caused by a collision on the track during the closing hours. In the end, the #7 entry of [[Davy Jones (racing driver)|Davy Jones]], [[Alexander Wurz]], and [[Manuel Reuter]] took the overall victory, a mere lap ahead of the following [[Porsche 911 GT1]]. The car experienced lighter tyre wear than competitors in the GT1 class and was able to make up time by only changing tyres at every third pit stop made for petrol.<ref>((Cite news|url= https://www.autosport.com/le-mans/news/archive-the-a-mothballed-racer-that-became-a-double-le-mans-winner/10458087/|title= Archive: The mothballed racer that became a double Le Mans winner |work= [[Autosport]] |last= Watkins |first= Gary |date= 19 April 2023 |access-date= 19 April 2023))</ref>
[[Image:Porsche LMP1 '98 - WSC-002 No. 8.jpg|thumb|right|250px|WSC-95 chassis #002 on display in its 1998 Porsche LMP1-98 guise.]]
Although Joest had originally intended to run the car just at Le Mans in 1996, the team decided to attempt once again in 1997 with a single car. A few weeks prior to Le Mans, Joest decided to showcase their car at the inaugural [[International Sports Racing Series]] event at [[Donington Park]], where the car took a dominant victory. Upon returning to Le Mans they still showed their pace by once again taking pole position. Although still facing competition from the factory [[Porsche 911 GT1]]s as well as the new [[McLaren F1 GTR]]s, [[Nissan]] had now entered and were keen to take an overall victory. However, unlike the previous year, the 911 GT1s suffered various difficulties, both in the hands of the factory team but also for the privateers. The finish therefore came down to a close race between a [[McLaren F1 GTR]] and the WSC-95, with [[Joest Racing]] once again coming out the victor by a single lap. [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari]] [[Formula One]] teammates of ((f1|1985)) and ((f1|1986)), [[Michele Alboreto]] and [[Stefan Johansson]], drove with Le Mans rookie [[Tom Kristensen (racing driver)|Tom Kristensen]] to take the win. It was the first of a record nine wins at Le Mans for Kristensen.

Now realizing the potential of the abandoned WSC-95 against their 911 GT1, Porsche developed both chassis into the newer and even more capable LMP1-98. Unfortunately at the same time, not only were [[Porsche]] attempting to improve both the 911 GT1 and LMP1-98, but as were [[Nissan]] and the newcomers [[Toyota]], [[Mercedes-Benz]], and [[BMW]]. Still run by the [[Joest Racing]] squad, the LMP1-98s showed that their quick pace was now lacking against new competitors, managing to take a best of only ninth in qualifying. During the race itself, although the LMP1-98s showed pace, they were not able to survive the entire race. One car suffered electronics difficulties after only 107 laps, while the second car broke some bodywork mountings in a spin and was not able to continue after it had completed 218 laps.

For a final appearance, an LMP1-98 appeared at the debut [[Petit Le Mans]] in the United States. Alongside a lone 911 GT1, both cars showed great pace, but the LMP1-98 had to settle for second place, defeated by a customer [[Ferrari 333 SP]] by only a few seconds following ten hours of racing.

The LMP1-98s were retired after 1998, with Porsche planning to develop [[Porsche LMP2000|their own Le Mans Prototype for 2000]]. That project was later cancelled, and Porsche did not return to factory prototype racing until the 2005 debut of the [[Porsche RS Spyder]].

==Chassis history==
'''WSC-95 #001'''
* [[1996 24 Hours of Le Mans]] #7 - Winner
* [[1997 FIA Sportscar Championship Donington|1997 ISRS Donington Park]] #7 - Winner
* [[1997 24 Hours of Le Mans]] #7 - Winner
* [[1998 24 Hours of Le Mans]] #7 - DNF
* [[1998 Petit Le Mans]] #77 - 2nd
'''WSC-95 #002'''
* [[1996 24 Hours of Le Mans]] #8 - DNF
* [[1998 24 Hours of Le Mans]] #8 - DNF

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* [http://www.porsche.com/usa/eventsandracing/motorsport/philosophy/history/racingcars/1996-wscjoestspyder/ Porsche USA] - 1996 WSC Joest Spyder history

((Porsche vehicles))

[[Category:Le Mans Prototypes]]
[[Category:Porsche racing cars|WSC-95]]
[[Category:24 Hours of Le Mans race cars]]
[[Category:Le Mans winning cars]]

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