Praya Central, around 1873
Praya
Chinese海旁

Praya (Chinese: 海旁; lit. 'next to the sea') was a term used in 19th Century Hong Kong to refer to a promenade by the waterfront. The name comes from the Portuguese word praia, which means "beach," but in China it came to mean a stone-faced waterfront road.[1] In Hong Kong, it was a broad road running parallel along the harbour in front of the city.[2] HSBC and Dent & Co. were just some of the major companies based in the area.[2]

History

British occupation of Hong Kong Island began on 26 January 1841, and the colonial government held its first land sale on 14 June of that year. Purchasers were mostly the British, Indian and Parsee traders such as Dent, Jardines, Lindsay, etc. These traders were mainly import and export merchants and required land with frontage along Victoria Harbour.[3]

Queen's Road, to the south, was the first road opened. The land lots acquired were subsequently much expanded and reclaimed from the sea without paying rent to the government. The first land reclamations after 1841 were private ones without any planning at all, making the shoreline very irregular.[3]

Lisa Lim of the South China Morning Post argued that the proximity of Macau meant that Hong Kongers kept using the word "praya" as opposed to the word "bund".[4]

A number of reclamation schemes took place around the time that John Bowring served as the Hong Kong Governor. Hence many of the major Praya areas were named after him. The long names are usually "Bowring Praya East", "Bowring Praya Central" for example.

Major areas

Praya West

The Praya Reclamation Scheme began in 1868 in this area. It was completed in 1873, adding significant land to Praya West and Central.[5] Praya west is now Des Voeux Road West.

Praya Central

Praya central is now Des Voeux Road Central.

Praya East

The Praya East area went through a series of land reclamation projects. The earliest series was known as Praya East Reclamation Scheme. The filled in area is known as today's Johnston Road and Hennessy Road in Wan Chai.[6] The Hong Kong Tramways first opened its service in 1904 in Praya East.[6]

Roads and areas

There are at least seven waterfront roads in Hong Kong that still retain the name praya:

See also

References

  1. ^ Wordie, Jason (January 20, 2008). "FYI: Why do some Hong Kong street names seem to have no connection to the area they are in?". South China Morning Post. p. 10. Retrieved January 8, 2014. (subscription required)
  2. ^ a b The Praya, Hong Kong Illustrations of China and Its People, John Thomson 1837-1921, (London,1873-1874)
  3. ^ a b "A Historical and Architectural Appraisal of Queen’s Pier, Central (Annexe B3), Antiquities and Monuments Office, Government of Hong Kong SAR, accessdate=2007-12-15
  4. ^ Lim, Lisa (2017-08-18). "Where the word praya came from and how it became part of place names in Hong Kong". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 2022-06-06.
  5. ^ Bard, Solomon. [2002] (2002). Voices from the Past: Hong Kong 1842-1918. HK University press. ISBN 962-209-574-7
  6. ^ a b Wordie, Jason. [2002] (2002) Streets: Exploring Hong Kong Island. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. ISBN 962-209-563-1
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