Augusta Wilhelmina
Portrait by Johann Friedrich Dryander, 1790.
Duchess consort of Zweibrücken
Tenure1 April 1795 – 30 March 1796
Born(1765-04-14)14 April 1765
Darmstadt, Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt
Died30 March 1796(1796-03-30) (aged 30)
Rohrbach, Electoral Palatinate
Burial
Stadtkirche Darmstadt
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1785)​
Issue
Names
German: Augusta Wilhelmina Maria
HouseHesse-Darmstadt
FatherPrince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt
MotherCountess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
ReligionLutheranism

Princess Augusta Wilhelmina of Hesse-Darmstadt (German: Augusta Wilhelmina Maria von Hessen-Darmstadt; 14 April 1765 – 30 March 1796) was Duchess consort of Zweibrücken by marriage to Maximilian, Duke of Zweibrücken and the mother of King Ludwig I of Bavaria.

Biography

Augusta Wilhelmina was born at Darmstadt, the fourth daughter and ninth child of Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt (second son of Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt) and Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Falkenburg-Dagsburg.

Marriage

Portrait by Johann Friedrich Dryander.

On 30 September 1785, in Darmstadt, Augusta Wilhelmina married Maximilian, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken (later King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria).

Maximilian was an officer in the French army stationed at Strasbourg, but the couple also often visited Paris.[1] There, Augusta Wilhelmina met Queen Marie Antoinette, with whom she maintained an ongoing correspondence.

In 1789, Maximilian's regiment rose in revolt and he and Augusta Wilhelmina fled to her parents' home in Darmstadt.[2] For the next five years, they lived mostly in the neighboring town of Mannheim. In December 1794, the French army attacked Mannheim. Augusta Wilhelmina fled the city when her home was shelled by French artillery.[3]

Duchess of Zweibrücken

In April 1795, Maximilian succeeded his brother as reigning Duke of Zweibrücken; however, his duchy was entirely occupied by the French. In March 1796, Augusta Wilhelmina, who had always had delicate lungs, finally succumbed and died at Rohrbach [de]. Her death plunged Maximilian into deep mourning. He wrote some poems in memory of his wife.[4] She was buried in the Schlosskirche in Darmstadt.[5]

Issue

Augusta Wilhelmina had five children:

Ancestry

Footnotes

  1. ^ Egon Caesar Corti, Ludwig I of Bavaria (London: Thornton Butterworth, 1938), 15.
  2. ^ Corti, 19.
  3. ^ Corti, 21.
  4. ^ Corti, 24.
  5. ^ Hans Rall, Wittelsbacher Lebensbilder von Kaiser Ludwig bis zur Gegenwart (Munich: Wittelsbacher Ausgleichsfonds), 142.
  6. ^ Genealogie ascendante jusqu'au quatrieme degre inclusivement de tous les Rois et Princes de maisons souveraines de l'Europe actuellement vivans [Genealogy up to the fourth degree inclusive of all the Kings and Princes of sovereign houses of Europe currently living] (in French). Bourdeaux: Frederic Guillaume Birnstiel. 1768. p. 70.

Bibliography

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