Princeton, and the world-renowned University to which it is home, has played a significant role in 300 years of American history. Not only does the town have a strong architectural heritage, it has also made notable contributions to the world of politics, religion, science, and literature.
Princeton's first settlers came in the 1690s, with Quakers settling along the Stony Brook, and the Kingston Mill being built along the Millstone River. The town itself grew up in the early 18th century along an old Indian trail which became Nassau Street. The College of New Jersey, which became Princeton University in 1896, was founded in 1746 and moved to Princeton ten years later on the completion of Nassau Hall. The town sent two residents to sign the Declaration of Independence, Richard Stockton and John Witherspoon. A third former resident, Joseph Hewes, whose house, Maybury Hill, is a national historic landmark in Princeton that lies outside the historic district, also was a signer. The town was occupied by the British during the American Revolution, using Bainbridge House as their headquarters. After his famous crossing of the Delaware and victory at the Battle of Trenton, George Washington led the Continental Army to victory at the Battle of Princeton on January 3, 1777. Nassau Hall itself served as the capital of the United States in the summer of 1783 and George Washington received the nation's thanks there.
The oldest building at Princeton University and the largest in New Jersey when it was built in 1756. It served as the home of the American government from July to October 1783.
A fine example of John Notman's architecture. It formerly served as the official home of the President of Princeton University, and is now the faculty club. Woodrow Wilson lived here from 1902 to 1910, prior to entering politics.
Built by Job Stockton of brickwork with wooden keystone lintels to a central hall plan, it retains much of its original woodwork and corner fireplaces. It was the birthplace of Commodore William Bainbridge and served as the headquarters of the British in 1776 before the Battle of Princeton. It has long served as the museum of the Princeton Historical Society.
18th-century home of Jonathan Deare, moved to Bayard Lane in 1875 by William Libbey.[6] Since 1911 an inn and restaurant, one of the finest in the state.[7]
Built by Jacob Hyer, by whose name it is sometimes known, the house was purchased by Erkuries Beatty in 1816. The Marquis de Lafayette is known to have stayed here July 15, 1825. It was originally located on Nassau Street opposite Bainbridge House and was moved to its current location by James Vandeventer in 1875.[8]
The third building of Princeton University's campus, designed by Benjamin Henry Latrobe and originally home to the library, study halls, and literary societies. Later known as Geological Hall, in 1915 it was named in honor of Samuel Stanhope Smith, president of the university at the time of its construction.
Built by Charles Steadman for Robert F. Stockton. It is one of Steadman's earlier works and is noted for its elegant and restrained design. The building now serves as the guest house of Princeton University.
Built by Charles Steadman the exterior details are especially fine and the facade well balanced. Named after longtime owner Professor John Breckenridge, uncle of John C. Breckinridge. It is thought to have originally had a small center porch, since replaced by stairs. Woodrow Wilson bought this house in 1889 and it is sometimes known by his name.
Built by Charles Steadman in Greek Revival style using stuccoed brick, and is a fine example of his use of the monumental, with a recessed porch flanked by pilasters.
A small gothic building designed by John Notman as the home of the short-lived Princeton University law school. It gave its name to Ivy Club, the university's first eating club which was housed there from its founding in 1879 to 1883. Now the property of Trinity Church and home to its choir.
Designed by John Notman for the Stockton family. It is similar in design to Prospect House. It is noted for its central rotunda with a spiraling staircase with a circular skylight framed by octagonal panels.
The park was laid out by John Notman as a romantic landscape with many exotic plants and trees. It is named after former owner Allan Marquand whose descendants turned the property into a public park.
Built as Second Presbyterian Church of Princeton, the church was originally planned to have an exceedingly tall spire which was not added for cost reasons. It is now home to an Assemblies of God congregation.[12]
A Venetian Gothic structure designed by William Appleton Potter as the first standalone library of Princeton University. It is noted for its multi-colored tile roof, detailed stone work, stained glass windows, and striking interior.
Built for the Princeton University Evangelical Philadelphian Society in 1879 (Murray Hall) and 1900 (Dodge Hall) by Richard Morris Hunt. Murray Hall, known as Theater Intime, is now a theater and Dodge Hall, commonly called Murray-Dodge, is home to the Office of Religious Life.
A fine example of "carpenters" Queen Anne architecture with lapped shingles and a hexagonal tower. It is typical of the spacious Victorian houses in the neighborhood.
A Richardsonian Romanesque concert hall designed by William Appleton Potter. The massive stone walls are punctuated by arches, with turrets at the four corners.
Designed by Raleigh C. Gildersleeve for Moses Taylor Pyne in Tudor Revival style. It originally housed dormitories above commercial space as a way to integrate the Princeton University campus with the town.
Designed by William E. Stone in Dutch Colonial style, the building demonstrates diversity of architectural styles within the architectural unity of the town.
The main gate of Princeton University, designed by McKim, Mead & White using adapted Georgianironwork. It is named after Nathaniel FitzRandolph, who donated the land on which Nassau Hall sits.
The former Palmer Physical Laboratory, built 1910 to house the Princeton University Physics Department, home to lectures by Albert Einstein and work on the Manhattan Project, renovated and expanded in 2000 into the Frist Campus Center[17]
Founded by Whitney Darrow, with the financial support of Charles Scribner, as a printing press to serve the Princeton community in 1905, with a distinctive building designed by Ernest Flagg[19]
Designed by Ralph Adams Cram and contains some of the most spectacular Collegiate Gothic architecture on Princeton's campus, including Cleveland Tower, Proctor Hall, and the Van Dyke Library.
Designed by Day and Klauder, a complex of five Gothic dining halls arranged around a central kitchen. The structure is named Madison Hall after alumnus James Madison. At present only two of the halls are used for dining.[21]
Built at a cost of $2,000,000 after the previous Marquand Chapel was destroyed by fire in 1920. Seats nearly 2,000 and was the second largest university chapel in the world when built, after that of King's College, Cambridge.[24]
Built during the New Deal, the post office is known for its mural, Columbia under the Palm, painted by Karl Free for the Section of Painting and Sculpture. The mural has come under criticism for its depiction of the triumph of European settlers over indigenous peoples.[25]
Princeton's only full-service hotel, dates to 1769, current building to 1938 as part of Palmer Square, Yankee Doodle Tap Room home to Norman Rockwell mural[26]
Replaced University Gymnasium, which burned to the ground in 1944. Houses a 1,500-seat gymnasium, squash courts and a pool. Designed by Aymar Embury and named for Herbert L. Dillon, class of 1907, a one-time football captain.[27]
The main library system of Princeton University, named after tire magnateHarvey Firestone, with holdings of more than 7 million books, 6 million microforms, and 48,000 linear feet of manuscripts[28]
^ abcNumbers represent an alphabetical ordering by significant words. Various colorings, defined here, differentiate National Historic Landmarks and historic districts from other NRHP buildings, structures, sites or objects.
^ abcThe eight-digit number below each date is the number assigned to each location in the National Register Information System database, which can be viewed by clicking the number.
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