| Prithviraja I | |
|---|---|
| Parama-bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Parameshvara | |
| King of Sapadalaksha | |
| Reign | c. 1090–1110 CE |
| Predecessor | Vigraharaja III |
| Successor | Ajayaraja II |
| Dynasty | Chahamanas of Shakambhari |
| Father | Vigraharaja III |
Prithvirāja I (r. c. 1090–1110 CE ) was an Indian king belonging to the Shakambhari Chahamana dynasty. He ruled the Sapadalaksha country, which included parts of present-day Rajasthan in north-western India.
Prithviraja succeeded his father Vigraharaja III on the Chahamana throne.[1] The 1105 CE Jinamata inscription gives his title as Parama-bhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Parameshvara, which indicates that he was a powerful king.[2]
The Prithviraja Vijaya claims that a band of 700 Chaulukyas came to Pushkara Tirtha to rob the Brahmins during the reign of Prithviraja I. The Chahamana king defeated and killed them. This legend may be a reference to Prithviraja's conflict with either Karna or Jayasimha Siddharaja, the Chaulukya kings of Gujarat.[3] However, because the text does not provide any additional information, this cannot be said with certainty.[4]
The Prabandha Kosha states that Prithviraja "pulled away the arms" of one Baguli Shah.[3] This probably refers to his repulsion of a Ghaznavid invasion. Minhaj-i-Siraj, in his Tabaqat-i Nasiri, mentions that during the reign of Mas'ud III, the Ghaznavid general Hajib Taghatigin raided India, going beyond the Ganga river. It is possible that Baguli Shah was a subordinate of Hajib Taghatigin.[5]
Prithviraja appears to have been a Shaivite.[4] According to the Prithviraja Vijaya, he built a food distribution centre (anna-satra) on the road to Somnath temple for pilgrims.[3]
He also patronized Jainism. Vijayasimha Suri's Upadeśāmālavritti (1134 CE) and Chandra Suri's Munisuvrata-Charita (1136 CE) state that he donated golden kalashas (cupolas) for the Jain temples at Ranthambore.[4]