| Mission type | Mir resupply |
|---|---|
| COSPAR ID | 1991-020A |
| SATCAT no. | 21188 |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft type | Progress-M 11F615A55 |
| Manufacturer | NPO Energia |
| Launch mass | 7,250 kilograms (15,980 lb) |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 19 March 1991, 13:05:15 UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-U2 |
| Launch site | Baikonur Site 1/5 |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Deorbited |
| Decay date | 7 May 1991 |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Perigee altitude | 365 kilometres (227 mi)[1] |
| Apogee altitude | 388 kilometres (241 mi)[1] |
| Inclination | 51.6 degrees |
| Docking with Mir | |
| Docking port | Core Forward |
| Docking date | 28 March 1991, 12:02:28 UTC |
| Undocking date | 6 May 1991, 22:59:36 UTC |
| Time docked | 39 days |
Progress M-7 (Russian: Прогресс М-7) was a Soviet uncrewed cargo spacecraft which was launched in 1991 to resupply the Mir space station.[2] The twenty-fifth of sixty four Progress spacecraft to visit Mir, it used the Progress-M 11F615A55 configuration,[3] and had the serial number 208.[4] It carried supplies including food, water and oxygen for the EO-8 crew aboard Mir, as well as equipment for conducting scientific research, and fuel for adjusting the station's orbit and performing manoeuvres. It also carried the second VBK-Raduga capsule, intended to return equipment and experiment results to Earth.
Progress M-7 was launched at 13:05:15 GMT on 19 March 1991, atop a Soyuz-U2 carrier rocket flying from Site 1/5 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome.[4] It took three attempts to dock with Mir; the first of which occurred at 14:28 GMT on 21 March, and resulted in Progress M-7 approaching to within 500 metres (1,600 ft) of Mir, before the attempt was aborted. During a second attempt on 23 March, approach was aborted when the spacecraft was 50 metres (160 ft) from Mir; however, it passed within 5 metres (16 ft) before moving away to a holding position whilst the problem was investigated.[5] The first two attempts had used the aft docking port of the Kvant-1 module; however, it was decided to use the forward port of the core module for the next one. At 10:12:00 GMT on 26 March, the Soyuz TM-11 spacecraft which had been occupying this port undocked from it, before flying around the station and docking with Kvant-1 at 10:58:59.[6] Progress M-7 successfully docked with Mir at 12:02:28 GMT on 28 March.[7][6]
During the 39 days for which Progress M-7 was docked, Mir was in an orbit of around 365 by 388 kilometres (197 by 210 nmi), inclined at 51.6 degrees.[1] Progress M-7 undocked from Mir at 22:59:36 GMT on 6 May, and was deorbited at 16:24:00 the next day, to a destructive reentry over the Pacific Ocean.[1][6] Its Raduga capsule, which had been deployed following the deorbit burn, came down in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic at around 17:20 GMT; however, efforts to recover it were unsuccessful.[6]
