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((Short description|String, cord, or chain wound on a spring-loaded spindle that engages a mechanism when pulled))
((redirect|Pull chain|the linguistic term|Chain shift))
((morerefs|date=January 2012))
[[File:Japanese Top itomakigoma01.jpg|thumb|Japanese [[spinning top]]s with pullstrings]]
A '''pullstring''' ('''pull string''', '''pull-string'''), '''pullcord''' ('''pull cord''', '''pull-cord'''), or '''pullchain''' ('''pull-chain''', '''pull chain''') is a [[twine|string]], [[rope|cord]], or [[chain]] wound on a [[Spring (device)|spring]]-loaded [[spindle (tool)|spindle]] that engages a [[mechanism (engineering)|mechanism]] when it is [[force|pulled]]. It is most commonly used in [[toy]]s and motorized equipment. More generally and commonly, a pullstring can be any type of string, cord, rope, or chain, attached to an object in some way used to pull or mechanically manipulate part of it.

==Toys==
[[File:Comic History of Rome p 014 Initial R.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|A [[jumping jack (toy)|jumping jack toy]] with pullstring]]
Perhaps the simplest pullstring toy is the [[yo-yo]] (c. 460 BCE). The [[Jumping jack (toy)|jumping jack]] is a more complicated animated puppet paper doll that uses a pullstring to move its arms and legs up and down. [[Trompo]]s and some [[spinning top]]s use a string that is wound around the top and then pulled to make it spin.

More recent toys include [[doll]]s, such as [[Chatty Cathy]] (1959), [[Charmin' Chatty]] (1963), [[Talking Tamu]] (1970), [[Look Around Crissy]] (1972), [[Sky Dancers]] (1994), and [[Sheriff Woody]] (from the [[Toy Story (franchise)|''Toy Story'']] franchise), that have a pullstring built into them that activates a [[Loudspeaker|speaker]] when it is pulled, causing the doll to say a built-in phrase. The [[Blythe (doll)|Blythe]] doll (1972) has a pullstring that changes the doll's eye color. Other non-doll toys like [[See 'n Say]] (1965).

The earliest [[patent]] with a pullstring included in it is an 1886 "Toy [[bowling alley|Bowling-Alley]]".<ref>[http://www.google.com/patents?id=iyxsAAAAEBAJ Toy Bowling-Alley], Thomas Kochka, filed 11 December 1886 (retrieved 31 January 2012 from [[Google Patents]])</ref>

==Engines==
[[File:Chainsaw starter handle.jpg|thumb|[[Chainsaw]] starter handle attached to a pullcord]]
Many motorized [[lawn mower]]s, [[chainsaw]]s, [[portable generator]]s, and portable [[outboard motor]]s use a pullstring or pullcord attached to a [[handle (grip)|handle]] as a manual [[ignition system|ignition]] device. Some vehicle engines are also started with pullchains, such as the early-1900s [[Puckridge (automobile)|Puckridge]], or pullcords, like the pre-release version of the [[Citroën 2CV]] car, and the [[Scooter (motorcycle)#Second generation (1936–1968)|DKW RT 125]] scooter. Early jet engines such as the [[Junkers Jumo 004]] used a Riedel two-stroke starter motor actuated by a pullcord.

==Weapons==
Some grenades such as the German Models [[Model 24 grenade|24]], [[Model 39 grenade|39]], and [[Model 43 grenade|43]] have pullcords. Some machine guns such as the [[M73 machine gun]] and [[M85 machine gun]] use a pullchain to charge and/or fire them. The [[Kord machine gun]] uses a device to cock the weapon.

Various [[Booby trap]] weapons and devices have used cords/cables.

==Transport==
[[File:Chain-Indian-Railways.jpg|thumb|Pullchain on a [[train emergency brake]] in India.]]
A [[emergency brake (train)|train's emergency brake]] can be a cord or chain that will stop the train when pulled. Some [[transit bus]]es and [[tram|trams/trolleys]] have a pullcord, also known as a bell cord, that a passenger can pull to signal the driver that they are requesting a stop. Many newer vehicles now use buttons to request stops instead. The [[Jaguar XK120]] sports car's doors have no external handles so it uses an interior pullcord instead.

==Other==
Some types of [[window blind]]s and [[curtain]]s use a cord pull to open, close, raise, and lower them. Some types of ladders like the [[extension ladder]] and [[attic ladder]] can have a pullstring that pulls it down from the ceiling. A [[dock plate]] can use a pullchain to move it. Some [[gate]]s have a pullstring on its [[Latch (hardware)|latch]]. A [[pull switch]] uses a chain or string to actuate a switch, commonly used in lighting and [[ceiling fan]]s. Modern [[flush toilet]]s use a pullchain attached to a lever that lifts the plunger to release water into the toilet bowl. The [[photoplayer]] uses pullchains to generate sound effects for silent films. Pre-1990s North American diesel locomotive [[train horn]]s used a lever or pull cord to actuate an air valve. Older [[steam whistle]]s were almost always actuated with a pull cord.

Some [[grandfather clock]]s have a pullchain to raise the weights in order to wind the clock's gears. A [[personal flotation device#Lifejacket|lifejacket]] has a pullcord used to inflate it.

==Variants==
A [[bow string]] is perhaps the simplest type of pullstring that pulls a bow's ends together. A [[ripcord (skydiving)|ripcord]] is a type of pullstring used to release a parachute. A [[drawstring]] is a type of 
pullstring used in many aspects of the fashion industry and in bags as a closing device.

==See also==
* [[Bell pull]]
* [[Drawer pull]]
* [[Drawstring]]
* [[Hoist (device)]]
* [[Pull switch]]

==References==
((reflist))

[[Category:Hardware (mechanical)]]
[[Category:Chains]]

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