Pur-Baha Jami | |
|---|---|
| Born | |
| Died | 1284? |
| Nationality | Iranian |
| Other names | Tāj al-Din ibn Bahā al-Din, Malik-al Shu'ara (King of the Poets) |
| Occupation(s) | Poet satirist social commentator |
| Notable work | 'Mongol Ode' |
Tāj al-Din ibn Bahā al-Din better known as Pur-Baha Jami (Persian: پوربهای جامی, romanized: Pūr Bahā-ye Jāmī; born in Jam,[1] Khorasan, present-day Afghanistan – c. 1284) was an Iranian poet, Pun master, satirist, and often scathing social commentator.[2] He was contemporary to Sadi, Homam Tabrizi and Ghotb al-Din Shirazi.[3]
Dawlat-shah Samarqandi devotes an article to him in his book, Taḏkerat al-šoʿarā (The Biographies of the Poets) and later other biographical works such as Atashkadeh, Haft Iqlim and Majamu-s Shuara add a little to.[4] Little is known about his early life but he was born in Jam and spent his youth in Herat[2][a]and his father was one of the judges of Jām county. He learned poetry in the presence of Rukn al-Din Kubai and Saeed Heravi.[3]
Maybe using so many non-Persian and Mongolian vocabulary is why he is not famous nowadays. Most of his Qasidas (odes) are sociologically important rather literary because the words used in these poems reflect the violent environment of the Ilkhanate era.[5]
At first he was a eulogist of Khwaja Wajih al-Din Zangi, the son of Khwaja Taher Faryumadi[6][7] but after moving to Tabriz he composed eulogies for Khwaja Shams al-Din Joveini.
No one collection contains all Pur Bahāʾ’s work, and his verses remain scattered. However, the job of identifying his work is made easier by the very idiosyncratic style that he employs in almost all his work.[2]
In 1267–68 the city of Nishapur was destroyed by a massive earthquake.[9] Pur-Baha elaborates with word-plays and far-fetched metaphors both the destruction and restoration of the city. In his poetic ode (Qasidah) he described the damage to different structures such as minarets, mosques, libraries and schools and then gave the date of the rebuilding of the city as early may of 1271. This poem has been quoted by Hafiz-e Abru and Fasih Khafi.[10][11] In the restoration poem he refers to the good-works of Abaqa Khan, the Ilkhanid king of Iran and describes him as the "Nuširvān of our time, Abaqa, the lord of the world, the sovereign of the earth, the world conqueror, foe-binder"[2]
چو کهنه بود و قدیمی بنای نیشابور |
The buildings of Nishapur Time had striven to displace |