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((Short description|Ethnic group in China and Vietnam))
((More citations needed|date=September 2014))
((Infobox ethnic group|
|group=Qabiao
|image=[[File:Trang phuc Pu Peo.jpg|250px]]
|population=705 (1999 est.)
|popplace=Vietnam: [[Hà Giang Province|Hà Giang]] 903 (2019)<ref name="Census2019">((cite web|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YK6iY-j0AfZTuip28Py2Gmz5P8zw04Rn/view?usp=sharing|title=Report on Results of the 2019 Census|publisher=General Statistics Office of Vietnam|access-date=1 May 2020|archive-date=15 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200115072006/https://drive.google.com/file/d/1YK6iY-j0AfZTuip28Py2Gmz5P8zw04Rn/view?usp=sharing|url-status=live))</ref><br>China: [[Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture|Wenshan]]
|langs=[[Qabiao language|Qabiao]] • [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]] • [[Chinese language|Chinese]]
|related=
))
The '''Qabiao''' or '''Pu Peo''' people (((lang-vi|Pu Péo))) are an ethnic group living in [[Hà Giang Province]], [[Vietnam]] and  [[Malipo County]] of [[Yunnan]] province, [[China]]. The total population was 903 as of the 2019 census, while Liang (2007) cites a total population of 777. In China, they are classified with the [[Yi people]].((sfnp|Liang|Zhang|Li|2007)) Their autonym is ''((IPA|qa˧ biau˧))''.((sfnp|Liang|Zhang|Li|2007|page=4)) The Chinese also refer to the Qabiao as 'Bendi Lolo', which translates as 'indigenous Lolo'.<ref name=Qabiao>((cite web|title=Qabiao of Vietnam|url=http://www.joshuaproject.net/people-profile.php?peo3=12993&rog3=VM|publisher=Joshua Project|access-date=2 February 2013|archive-date=16 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121116111631/http://joshuaproject.net/people-profile.php?peo3=12993&rog3=VM|url-status=live))</ref>

==History==
Historically, the Qabiao have inhabited either side of the China-Vietnam border, although nowhere were they existing in large numbers. One survey conducted in 1990 showed that there were 307 Qabiao living in southern China, whereas 382 dwelt in northern Vietnam.((Citation needed|date=February 2013))<!-- Dead link<ref>((cite web|access-date=Qabiao))</ref>--> In China, the Qabiao are concentrated near the Vietnam border, namely in the Tiechang, Matong, Punong, Pucha, and Pufeng villages of [[Malipo County]] in the [[Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture|Wenshan Zhuang-Miao Prefecture]] of [[Yunnan]] province. The Qabiao live in seven communes of [[Đồng Văn District]] in [[Hà Giang Province]] in Vietnam.((Citation needed|date=February 2013))
[[File:SaPhin.JPG|thumb|A village in Đồng Văn District, Vietnam.]]

==Culture and traditions==
The Qabiao women's traditional attire consisted of an ankle length skirt. For the upper body the women usually wore two vests. Now, there is an increasingly popular custom of wearing only the inner vest. Bok tam, as the inner vest is known, consists of five panels and has buttons under the right armpit. Bands of colored cloth are sewn around the hems, neck and sleeves of the dress, which resemble the embellishments found in the costumes of the [[Giáy people|Giay]]. 
[[File:Trang phuc Pu Peo.jpg|thumb|Traditional dress of the Qabiao]]

==Religion==
The Qabiao practice animism. Souls and spirits are cornerstones of their belief system. The Qabiao believe a person has eight souls and nine spirits, all of which control his or her actions and existence. Most Qabiao homes have a small altar at which are seen three sandstone jars. Each jar represents a generation of ancestors. Other paraphernalia include dried pumpkin and a bundle of oxtail hair attached to a stick. These items are said to be the deceased ancestors' clue to identifying their descendants.

The Qabiao have an oath of preserving the sacred forest.

==Mythology==
The Qabiao people have the following pantheon:((sfnp|Liang|Zhang|Li|2007|page=8))
*''((IPA|te˧ sau˧ ʑa˥ sau˧))'': principal god
*''((IPA|sau˧ mun˧))'': sky god – controls the wind, rain, thunder, lightning
*''((IPA|sau˧ muŋ˥))'': land god – controls rivers and mountains
*''((IPA|sau˧ te˥))'': tree god

==References==
((reflist))
((refbegin))
* ((Cite book |last=Liang |first=Min 梁敏 |title=Pǔbiāoyǔ yánjiū |last2=Zhang |first2=Junru 张均如 |last3=Li |first3=Yunbing 李云兵 |date=2007 |publisher=Minzu chubanshe |isbn=978-7-105-09011-2 |location=Beijing Shi |language=zh |script-title=zh:普标语研究))
((refend))

==See also==
*[[Qabiao language]]

((Ethnic groups in Vietnam))
((Ethnic groups in China))

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Vietnam]]


((vietnam-stub))

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