The Qawwal Bacchon Ka Gharana or Delhi Gharana is the oldest khayal gharana of the Hindustani Classical music tradition.[1] It was founded by Amir Khusrau and his students.
History
[edit]The members of this gharana have lived in Delhi for many generations. The gharana was founded by Amir Khusrau, pioneer of qawwali, tarana, and khayal.[2] As a result, this gharana specializes in these genres.
Style
[edit]Members of this gharana approach raagdari with more freedom than the dhrupad-informed gharanas, like Gwalior, Jaipur, and Agra.[3] Emphasis on bhav and exposition are the hallmarks of this style.[4]
Repertoire
[edit]In addition to extensive khayal compositions, the gharana is known for its qawwals.[5]
Controversy
[edit]Some orthodox members of the Indian subcontinental or South Asian music world do not regard the Delhi gharana as an "authentic" one because its members include a number of tabla and sarangi players. Some believe these members do not represent a truly unique musical style. Scholars note the individual quality of each generation's leading singer. Though, this tradition is a gharana in familial terms.[citation needed]
It is strictly forbidden to play Sarangi in the tradition of the original Qawwal Bacche.[citation needed]
Exponents
[edit]- Amir Khusrau
- Miyan Saamat Bin Ibrahim
- Mir Hassan Sawant
- Mir Bula Kalawant
- Mir Saleh
- Mir Gunwant
- Bade Muhammad Khan
- Bade Mubarak Ali Khan
- Ghagge Nazir Khan
- Wahid Khan
- Umrao Khan
- Munshi Raziuddin
- Ustad Naseeruddin Saami
- Manzoor Ahmed Khan Niazi
- Fareed Ayaz
- Abdullah Niazi Qawwal
- Abu Muhammad
- Bahauddin Khan
- Baba Nasir Khan[6]
- Miyan Achpal[7]
- Tanras Khan
- Ramzan Khan[8]
- Muhammed Siddiq Khan Sahab
- Muzaffar Khan[9]
- Munawwar Khan
- Aziz Ahmed Khan Warsi
- Warsi Brothers
- Meraj Ahmed Nizami Qawwal[10]
- Mohammed Hayat Khan Nizami[11]
- Baba Zaheer Ahmed Khan Warsi
- Nasir Ahmed Khan
- Fateh Ali Khan
- Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan[12]
- Iqbal Ahmed Khan
- Farrukh Fateh Ali Khan
- Rahat Fateh Ali Khan
References
[edit]- ^ "Dilli Gharana". Google Arts & Culture.
- ^ Ranade, Ashok Da. (2006). Music Contexts: A Concise Dictionary of Hindustani Music. Promila & Co. Publishers. pp. 54–114. ISBN 81-85002-63-0.
- ^ Te Nijenhuis, Emmie (1974). Indian Music: History and Structure. Belgium. p. 90.
((cite book)): CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Gharanas Of Hindustani Music - Hindustani Classical Gharanas - Hindustani Music Gharanas". www.culturalindia.net.
- ^ Imani, Alifiyah (20 August 2015). "Qawwal Gali: The street that never sleeps". Herald Magazine.
- ^ https://www.oxfordreference.com/viewbydoi/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095438765?rskey=cJwGyC&result=0
- ^ https://www.swarganga.org/artist_details.php?id=698
- ^ https://www.swarganga.org/artist_details.php?id=501
- ^ https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780195650983.001.0001/acref-9780195650983-e-3372?rskey=T6fm70&result=1
- ^ http://www.mabelis.nl/qawwali/merajnizami/meraj.asp
- ^ https://www.veethi.com/india-people/hamsar_hayat-profile-4803-24.htm
- ^ "1988 Interview". Outlook (India).