History
Pottery sherds from the Iron Age I - II, Persian, Hellenistic/Roman have been found here,[4] as has sherds from the Byzantine[5] and Crusader/Ayyubid eras.[4] While the majority of Iron Age pottery was unearthed at the bottom of the southern and eastern slopes, a Middle Bronze Age sherd was found near a sheikh tomb to the west.[4]
During the Crusader period, Diya' al-Din (1173–1245) writes that there was a Muslim population in the village.[6][7] He also noted that followers of Ibn Qudamah lived here.[8]
Sherds from the Mamluk era have also been found here.[4]
Ottoman era
In 1517, the village was included in the Ottoman empire with the rest of Palestine, and it appeared in the 1596 tax-records as Qira, located in the Nahiya of Jabal Qubal of the Liwa of Nablus. The population was 8 households and 1 bachelor, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on agricultural products, such as wheat, barley, summer crops, olive trees, goats and beehives and a press for olive oil or grape syrup, in addition to occasional revenues and a fixed tax for people of Nablus area; a total of 2,000 akçe.[9] Sherds from the early Ottoman era have been found here.[4]
In the 18th and 19th centuries, the village formed part of the highland region known as Jūrat ‘Amra or Bilād Jammā‘īn. Situated between Dayr Ghassāna in the south and the present Route 5 in the north, and between Majdal Yābā in the west and Jammā‘īn, Mardā and Kifl Ḥāris in the east, this area served, according to historian Roy Marom, "as a buffer zone between the political-economic-social units of the Jerusalem and the Nablus regions. On the political level, it suffered from instability due to the migration of the Bedouin tribes and the constant competition among local clans for the right to collect taxes on behalf of the Ottoman authorities.”[10]
In 1838, Edward Robinson noted it as a village, Kireh, in the Jurat Merda district, south of Nablus.[11]
In 1870, Victor Guérin noted Kireh on a hill partly covered with olives, and having "barely a hundred and forty inhabitants".[12]
In 1870/1871 (1288 AH), an Ottoman census listed the village in the nahiya (sub-district) of Jamma'in al-Thani, subordinate to Nablus.[13]
In 1882, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described Kireh as: "A moderate village on high ground, with a chapel venerated by the Moslems, but named after the Virgin Mary. The water supply is from a pool.[14]
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Qireh had a population of 87 Muslims,[15] increasing in the 1931 census to 102 Muslims in 28 occupied houses.[16]
In the 1945 statistics the population was 140 Muslims[17] while the total land area was 2,249 dunams, according to an official land and population survey.[18] Of this, 475 were allocated for plantations and irrigable land, 1,145 for cereals,[19] while 14 dunams were classified as built-up areas.[20]
Jordanian era
In the wake of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, and after the 1949 Armistice Agreements, Qira came under Jordanian rule.
The Jordanian census of 1961 found 259 inhabitants.[21]
Post-1967
Since the Six-Day War in 1967, Qira has been under Israeli occupation.
After the 1995 accords, 97.6 % of village land is defined as Area B land, while the remaining 2.4 % is Area C. The Segregation Wall established around Ariel settlement isolates Qira from Salfit and neighboring villages, leading Qira residents to take alternative longer routes to reach Salfit.[22]
Settlers' attacks
Qira has been the target of violence by Israeli settlers from nearby Jewish settlements. In January 2022, Palestinian cars were vandalized in the area, with perpetrators spray-painting Stars of David on the vehicles and puncturing their tires.[23]
