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At the beginning of the 20th century, the first routes of what would become Route 138 (formerly Route 15) were laid in the vicinity of Sept-Îles. In 1961, a section was added from the Franquelin region to the tip of the Moisie River, some 20 kilometres east of Sept-Îles.
On the north shore of the Gulf of St. Lawrence, until 1976, there was no continuous route to go further east than the Moisie River. Only bits of paths here and there connect a few coastal villages to each other, Natashquan connects to Aguanish by a dirt road (1959).
Route 138, from Moisie River to Havre-Saint-Pierre, opened in the spring of 1976, from there access to the islands of the Mingan Archipelago by sea.
In 1984, to commemorate the 450th anniversary of Jacques Cartier's arrival in New France, the Commission de toponymie gave this name to the part of Route 138 located east of the Saguenay River, that is, the part that extends from Tadoussac to Havre-Saint-Pierre.[2]' [3]
Route Jacques-Cartier - Route 138 East - Route des Baleines 1976
Fill of Highway No. 138, Sept-Îles (City), Hamlet Matamec
Roadside restaurant sign
Pole transport by helicopter
From Havre-Saint-Pierre to Natashquan
Since 2013, motorists can reach the small village of Kegaska, the westernmost village of the Lower North Shore.
Until the mid-1990s, the highway's eastern terminus was Havre-Saint-Pierre, but in 1996 the extension to Natashquan was completed. A 40 km gravel section between Natashquan and Kegaska opened on September 26, 2013, with the inauguration of a bridge across the Natashquan River.[4]' [5]
A second segment of about 17 km extends from Tête-à-la-Baleine's airport, east through Tête-à-la-Baleine, to the ferry terminal southeast of Tête-à-la-Baleine. There is also a 10.7 km roadway, la route Mecatina, from Mutton Bay to a ferry terminal in La Tabatière and continuing beyond.
A gap remains between Kegaska and Old Fort, through isolated communities accessible only by coastal ferry. On August 25, 2006, the Quebec government announced a 10-year project to connect the two segments by building 425 km of highway along the Lower North Shore. In 2011, the Quebec government announced an additional $122 million investment for the project over five years as part of the Plan Nord.[7] However, by 2013 difficulties ensued between the Quebec Ministry of Transport and the Pakatan Corporation, who was previously responsible for managing the funding for this project, leading to the termination of agreement between the two. By this time only 12 km of this road had been built, plus some additional engineering work and deforestation.[8] The construction of two segments of the highway (Kegaska–La Romaine and Tête-à-la-Baleine–La Tabatière) was set to begin in 2019. A total of $232 million will be contributed to this project.[9]
^Ministère des transports, "Distances routières", page 66-69, Les Publications du Québec, 2005
^The Ages of Exploration. "Jacques Cartier". The Mariners' Museum and ParK. Retrieved 2024-01-13. Jacques Cartier is credited with discovering and claiming the land now known as Canada for France.
^Pierre Frenette (2009). "North Shore, a land of convergence"(PDF) (in French). Les Éditions Histoire Québec. p. 8. Retrieved 14 January 2024. Logger-farmers swapped axes, harrows, and horses for saws, truck steering wheels, and bulldozer levers
Route 2 (Montreal – Quebec City)
Route 2C (through Quebec City)
Route 4 (U.S. border – Montreal)
Route 15 (Quebec City – Baie-Comeau)
NY 30 at Constable, New York
A-30 / R-132 in Châteauguay 
A-20 in Montreal 
A-15 in Montreal 
R-112 / R-134 / R-125 in Montreal 
A-25 (TCH) in Montreal 
A-640 in Repentigny 
R-131 in Lavaltrie 
A-40 / R-158 in Berthierville 
R-153 in Yamachiche 
A-40 / A-55 / R-157 in Trois-Rivières 
R-159 in Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade 
A-540 in Quebec City 
A-40 / A-73 in Quebec City 
A-740 / A-973 / R-175 in Quebec City 
A-440 in Quebec City 
R-170 in Saint-Siméon 
R-172 in Tadoussac 
R-389 in Baie-Comeau
Route 510 east of Blanc Sablon
