| Anne-Marie of Denmark | |||||
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Anne-Marie in 2018 | |||||
| Queen consort of the Hellenes | |||||
| Tenure | 18 September 1964 – 1 June 1973 | ||||
| Born | Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark 30 August 1946 Amalienborg Palace, Copenhagen, Kingdom of Denmark | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue | Princess Alexia Pavlos, Crown Prince of Greece Prince Nikolaos Princess Theodora Prince Philippos | ||||
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| House | Glücksburg | ||||
| Father | Frederick IX of Denmark | ||||
| Mother | Ingrid of Sweden | ||||
| Religion | Greek Orthodox prev. Church of Denmark | ||||
| Greek royal family |
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Prince Michael
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| Danish royal family |
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Queen Anne-Marie of Greece |
| Extended royal family |
Anne-Marie, RE (Greek: Άννα-Μαρία pronounced [ana marˈia]; born 30 August 1946) is a Greek and Danish royal who was the last Queen of Greece from 1964 to 1973 as the wife of King Constantine II. The Greek monarchy was abolished with the 1974 Greek Republic Referendum.
Born Princess Anne-Marie of Denmark, she is the youngest daughter of King Frederick IX of Denmark and his wife Ingrid of Sweden. In 1964 she married King Constantine and became queen consort of Greece. During her short tenure as Queen of Greece, Anne-Marie spent much of her time working for a charitable foundation known as "Her Majesty's Fund" and later as the "Anne-Marie Foundation", which provided assistance to people in rural areas of Greece. In 1967, however, the king and queen were forced into exile and later deposed as Greece transitioned into a Republic.
Anne-Marie is the youngest sister of the reigning Queen Margrethe II of Denmark. She is also a first cousin of the reigning King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden, and a second cousin of the reigning King Harald V of Norway. Anne-Marie and her husband Constantine are third cousins: they share King Christian IX of Denmark as patrilineal great-great-grandfather. They also share Queen Victoria as a great-great-grandmother. They have five children: Princess Alexia, Crown Prince Pavlos, Prince Nikolaos, Princess Theodora, and Prince Philippos.
Princess Anne-Marie was born on 30 August 1946 in Frederick VIII's Palace, an 18th-century palace which forms part of the Amalienborg Palace complex in central Copenhagen. She was the third and last daughter and child of Crown Prince Frederik and Crown Princess Ingrid of Denmark. Her father was the eldest son of King Christian X of Denmark and his wife, Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin; her mother, born a Princess of Sweden, was the only daughter of the Crown Prince of Sweden and his late British-born first wife, Princess Margaret of Connaught, daughter of the Duke of Connaught. At birth, Anne-Marie had two elder sisters: Princess Margrethe, the present Queen of Denmark, and Princess Benedikte, who married Prince Richard of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg and lives in Germany.[1]
Anne-Marie was baptised on 9 October 1946 in the Holmen Church in Copenhagen. Her godparents are the King and Queen of Denmark (paternal grandparents); Crown Prince of Sweden (maternal grandfather), Prince Bertil of Sweden (maternal uncle), the King of Norway (paternal grand-uncle), Prince George of Greece and Denmark, the Crown Princess of Norway (father's first cousin), Queen Mary of the United Kingdom, Princess Dagmar of Denmark (paternal grand-aunt) and the Crown Princess of the Netherlands.[2]
She is a great-great granddaughter of Queen Victoria, thus a third cousin to Queen Elizabeth II and her late husband Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, as well as of King Juan Carlos I of Spain, King Michael I of Romania. Through her mother, Queen Ingrid born princess of Sweden, she is also a first cousin of King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden and a second cousin to King Harald V of Norway.
Anne-Marie and her sisters grew up in apartments at Frederick IX's Palace at Amalienborg in Copenhagen and in Fredensborg Palace in North Zealand. She spent summer holidays with the royal family in her parents' summer residence at Gråsten Palace in Southern Jutland. On 20 April 1947, King Christian X died and Anne-Marie's father ascended the throne as King Frederick IX.
At the time of her father's accession to the throne, only males could ascend the throne of Denmark. As Anne-Marie's parents had no sons, it was assumed that her uncle Prince Knud would one day assume the throne. The popularity of Frederick IX and his daughters and the more prominent role of women in Danish life paved the way for a new Act of Succession in 1953 which permitted female succession to the throne following the principle of male-preference primogeniture, where a female can ascend to the throne if she has no brothers. Her eldest sister Margrethe therefore became heir presumptive, and Princess Benedikte and Princess Anne-Marie became second and third in the line of succession.
Anne-Marie was educated at N. Zahle's School, a private school in Copenhagen, from 1952 to 1961. In 1961 she attended the Chatelard School for Girls, an English boarding school outside Montreux in Switzerland. In 1963 and 1964 she attended the Institut Le Mesnil, a Swiss finishing school also in Montreux.
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Main article: Wedding of Constantine II of Greece and Anne-Marie of Denmark |
In 1959, at the age of thirteen, Anne-Marie first met her future husband, her third cousin Constantine, Crown Prince of Greece, who accompanied his parents, King Paul and Queen Frederica, on a state visit to Denmark.[3] They met a second time in Denmark in 1961, when Constantine declared to his parents his intention to marry Anne-Marie. They met again in Athens in May 1962 at the marriage of Constantine's sister Princess Sofia of Greece and Denmark to Prince Juan Carlos of Spain at which Anne-Marie was a bridesmaid: and again in 1963 at the centenary celebrations of the Greek monarchy.
On 6 March 1964, King Paul died, and Constantine succeeded him as King of the Hellenes. In July 1964, the announcement of the engagement of Constantine and Anne-Marie raised the polite protests of the Left in Denmark.[4] Anne-Marie and Constantine were married on 18 September 1964 (two weeks after Anne-Marie's 18th birthday) in the Metropolis, the Greek Orthodox Cathedral of Athens. Prior to the wedding, Anne-Marie converted from Lutheranism to the Greek Orthodox Church. Also, in view of the fact that she was marrying a foreign ruler, consent to the marriage was given on the condition that Anne-Marie renounced her succession rights to the Danish throne for herself and her descendants.[5]
As Queen of Greece, Anne-Marie spent much of her time working for a charitable foundation known as "Her Majesty's Fund" and later as the "Anne-Marie Foundation", which provided assistance to people in rural areas of Greece. On 10 July 1965, Queen Anne-Marie gave birth at the villa Mon Repos in Corfu to her first child, Princess Alexia, who was heir presumptive to the throne of Greece, from her birth until the birth of her younger brother Crown Prince Pavlos on 20 May 1967, Greece's order of succession adhering to male-preference primogeniture.[1]
In April 1967, Anne-Marie's husband King Constantine II, after a military coup, swore into office a military junta. In December 1967, the King attempted to shake off the authoritarian regime and tried to stage a counter-coup with the help of certain like-minded people.[who?] The counter-coup failed and Anne-Marie and her family had to flee to Italy. In the aftermath, Anne-Marie miscarried a child.[6] The family lived for two months in the Greek embassy in Rome and then for the next five years in a house in a suburb of Rome.
In 1973, Anne-Marie moved with her family to England. They lived first in Chobham in Surrey. Later they moved to the London suburb of Hampstead. The Greek government seized their former private home of Tatoi. It was only after a successful appeal to the European Court of Human Rights that the Greek government were forced to pay compensation for the property. King Constantine used the money obtained to establish the Anna-Maria Foundation, which was established in 2003 to provide aid to victims of natural disasters, including earthquakes and floods, in Greece.[citation needed] As of 2019[update] Anne-Marie serves as president of the foundation.[7]
In 1980 Anne-Marie and Constantine founded Hellenic College of London, a bilingual school where her own children were educated. The school closed in 2005.[citation needed]
The government of Greece did not permit Anne-Marie to return to Greece until 1981 when she was allowed to enter Greek territory for several hours to attend the funeral of her mother-in-law, Queen Frederika. She and her family paid a private visit to Greece in 1993. Since 2003 – when the property dispute between her husband Constantine and the government of Greece concluded – Anne-Marie has visited Greece numerous times.
On 21 May 2004 Anne-Marie was peripherally involved in a dispute in Madrid between former Crown Prince Vittorio Emanuele of Italy and his cousin and dynastic rival Prince Amedeo of Savoy-Aosta. At a soirée held at the Zarzuela Palace during the wedding celebrations of Felipe, Prince of Asturias, Amedeo approached Vittorio who reportedly punched him twice in the face, causing him to stumble backward down the steps.[8] The quick intervention of Anne-Marie, who propped him up, prevented Amedeo from falling to the ground. She discreetly assisted him indoors while stanching his bleeding facial wounds until first aid was administered.[8] Upon learning of the incident Spain's King Juan Carlos, a cousin of both men, reportedly declared that "never again" would an opportunity to abuse his hospitality be afforded the competing pretenders.[8]
On 14 August 2004 Anne-Marie and her husband Constantine visited their former home in Athens, the former Royal Palace that is now the Presidential Palace, for the first time since 1967. They were received by then-President of Greece Costis Stephanopoulos along with other members of the International Olympic Committee (of which Constantine is an honorary member). In December 2004 Constantine, Anne-Marie and their children were again invited to pay a personal private visit by President Stephanopoulos.
She has been the titular Queen of the Hellenes since 1973. This title is not recognized under the terms of the republican Constitution of Greece.[9]
Denmark: Knight Grand Cross with Collar of the Order of the Elephant (R.E.)[12] Denmark: Dame of the Royal Family Order of King Frederik IX[12] Denmark: Dame of the Royal Family Order of Queen Margrethe II[12] Denmark: Recipient of the Silver Anniversary Medal of Queen Margrethe II and Prince Henrik[12] Denmark: Recipient of the 75th Birthday Medal of Queen Margrethe II Denmark: Recipient of the Ruby Jubilee Medal of Queen Margrethe II Denmark: Recipient of the 70th Birthday Medal of Queen Margrethe II Denmark: Recipient of the Silver Jubilee Medal of Queen Margrethe II Denmark: Recipient of the Golden Anniversary Medal of Queen Margrethe II and Prince Henrik Denmark: Recipient of the Prince Henrik's Commemorative Medal Denmark: Recipient of the 80th Birthday Medal of Queen Margrethe II
Greek Royal Family: Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Redeemer Greek Royal Family: Grand Mistress Dame Grand Cross of the Order of Saints Olga and Sophia Greek Royal Family: Recipient of the Commemorative Badge of the Centenary of the Kingdom of Greece
Empire of Iran: Recipient of the Commemorative Medal of the 2,500 year celebration of the Persian Empire
Netherlands: Recipient of the Wedding Medal of Princess Beatrix, Princess of Orange and Claus Van Amsberg
Sweden: Recipient of the 85th Birthday Badge Medal of King Gustaf VI Adolf Sweden: Recipient of the Commemorative Badge of the 50th Birthday Medal of King Carl XVI Gustaf
Thailand : King Rama IX Royal Cypher Medal, First Class .[13]Dual Cypher of King Constantine II and Queen Anne-Marie of Greece |
Coats of Arms of Queen Anne-Marie of Greece |
Dual Cypher of King Constantine II and Queen Anne-Marie of Greece |
The coats of arms of Queen Anne-Marie combine the 1936–1973 royal coat of arms of Greece and the 1948–1972 coat of arms of Denmark which was current at the time of her marriage in 1964. The Danish coat of arms is almost identical with the dynastic arms inescutcheon in the Greek coat of arms, which equals the Danish coat of arms of 1819–1903. The only difference is that the Greek arms also include Iceland's white stockfish on red in the lower dexter corner.
Constantine and Anne-Marie have five children and nine grandchildren.
| Ancestors of Queen Anne-Marie of Greece |
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