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((Short description|1911 ocean liner))
((other ships|RMS Laconia))
((Use dmy dates|date=March 2020))
((More citations needed|date=April 2023))
{|((Infobox ship begin))
((Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[Image:RMS Laconia 1912.jpg|300px|RMS ''Laconia'' at New York.]]
|Ship caption=RMS ''Laconia'' at Liverpool with the tender Skirmisher.
))
((Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Ship name=RMS ''Laconia''
|Ship namesake= [[Laconia]] in the [[Peloponnese]]
|Ship owner=Cunard Line
|Ship flag= 
|Ship operator=
|Ship registry=((flagicon|United Kingdom|civil))
|Ship route=
|Ship ordered=
|Ship builder=[[Swan Hunter]], [[Wallsend]]
|Ship yard number=
|Ship original cost=
|Ship way number=
|Ship laid down=
|Ship launched=27 July 1911
|Ship completed=
|Ship christened=
|Ship acquired=12 December 1911
|Ship maiden voyage=20 January 1912
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship identification=
|Ship fate=Torpedoed and sunk 25 February 1917 by ((SMU|U-50))
|Ship notes=
))
((Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Ocean liner]]
|Ship tonnage=((GRT|18,099))
|Ship displacement=
|Ship length=((convert|183|m|ftin|abbr=on))
|Ship beam=((convert|22|m|ftin|abbr=on))
|Ship height=
|Ship draught=
|Ship draft=
|Ship depth=
|Ship decks=
|Ship deck clearance=
|Ship ramps=
|Ship ice class=
|Ship sail plan=
|Ship power=Eight-cylinder [[quadruple-expansion]] engines by [[Wallsend Slipway & Engineering Company]]
|Ship propulsion=Twin propellers
|Ship speed=((convert|17|kn|km/h))
|Ship capacity=* Passenger accommodations:
* 300 1st class
* 350 2nd Class
* 2,200 3rd Class
|Ship crew=
|Ship notes=
))
|}
[[File:Los Angeles Herald, Number 100, 26 February 1917 (page 1 crop).jpg|thumb|The sinking of ''RMS Laconia'' newspaper report, 26 February 1917]]
'''RMS ''Laconia''''' was a [[Cunard Line|Cunard]] [[ocean liner]] built by [[Swan Hunter & Wigham Richardson]], [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 27 July 1911, with the wife of the [[List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Kingdom|U.S. Ambassador]] Mrs. [[Whitelaw Reid]] [[Ship christening|christening]] the vessel.<ref name=MENA>((cite journal |year=1911 |title=The Latest Cunarder – Launch of the ''Laconia'' at Wallsend |journal=International Marine Engineering |volume=34 |issue=September |pages=42 |publisher=Marine Engineering, Inc., New York—London |url=https://archive.org/stream/marineengineer34londuoft#page/42/mode/1up |access-date=29 January 2018))</ref> ''Laconia'' was delivered to the Cunard Line on 12 December 1911, and began service on 20 January 1912.<ref name="eng">((cite magazine|title=The Cunard Liner Laconia|magazine=[[The Engineer (UK magazine)|The Engineer]]|date=26 January 1912|volume= 113|pages=85–57|url=http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/images/9/94/Er19120126a.pdf))</ref> She was the first Cunard ship of that name. She was torpedoed and sunk on 25 February 1917 during [[World War I]]; 12 passengers were killed.

''Laconia'' was intended for the [[Liverpool]]-[[Boston]] service with cruising from New York to the Mediterranean off season.<ref name=MENA/> The ship was the first British ship and first North Atlantic liner to be equipped with anti-roll tanks.<ref name=MENA/>

==Drafted into war service==

On the outbreak of [[World War I]], ''Laconia'' was converted into an [[Armed merchantman#Armed merchant cruisers|armed merchant cruiser]] in 1914. She was fitted with eight ((convert|6|in|adj=on|0)) guns and for a time she carried two [[seaplane]]s, which were housed on the [[quarterdeck]]. She was based at [[Simon's Town]], [[South Africa]] in the [[South Atlantic]], from which she patrolled the South Atlantic and [[Indian Ocean]] until April 1915. She was then used as a [[headquarters ship]] stationed at [[Zanzibar]] and engaged in operations for the capture of [[Tanga, Tanzania|Tanga]] and the colony of [[German East Africa]]. She was mainly employed on patrol duties but on one occasion, was engaged at the [[bombardment]] of Tanga. She continued to serve on the East Africa station, and made several trips from [[Durban]] and [[Cape Town]] with troops for the army in [[British East Africa]]. ''Laconia'' returned home to the UK with a convoy in June 1916, with a large shipment of gold ingots from Cape Town, and was [[paid off]] at [[HMNB Devonport|Devonport]].<ref>((cite web|last1=Boyd|first1=Captain Robert Storrar|title=A Dundee Master Mariner - His Own Story, serving as a Lieutenant on the Laconia|url=http://ninetradesofdundee.co.uk|website=ninetradesofdundee.co.uk|publisher=Self|access-date=30 December 2017|ref=Fraternity 1615, part 2))</ref>

==Returned to Cunard==
((Unreferenced section|date=April 2023))

She was handed back to Cunard in July 1916 and on 9 September resumed service.

On 25 February 1917, she was [[torpedo]]ed by ((SMU|U-50)) ((convert|6|nmi|km|spell=in)) northwest by west of [[Fastnet Rock|Fastnet]] while returning from the United States to England with 75 passengers (34 first class and 41 second class) and a crew of 217 commanded by Captain Irvine. The first torpedo struck the liner on the starboard side just abaft the engine room, but did not sink her. 20 minutes later a second torpedo exploded in the engine room, again on the starboard side, and the vessel sank at 10:20 pm. A total of 12 people were killed; six crew and six passengers.  Two of the killed passengers were American citizens, Mrs. Mary Hoy and her daughter, Miss Elizabeth Hoy, who were originally from [[Chicago]].  The death of the Hoys stirred up public opinion in America against the Germans, and raised public support for the United States entering the war.

''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' reporter [[Floyd Gibbons]] was aboard ''Laconia'' when she was torpedoed and gained fame from his dispatches about the attack, his graphic account of the sinking read to both Houses of Congress and was credited with helping to push the United States into joining the war.

==Rediscovery==
((More citations needed section|date=April 2023))
In March 2009, it was announced that the wreck of ''Laconia'' was located in November 2008 and claimed by [[Odyssey Marine Exploration]], Inc., a commercial [[archaeology]] company in [[Tampa, Florida]]. She was found about ((convert|160|nmi|km)) off of the coast of [[Ireland]]. "Britain claims it is the legitimate owner of the wrecks because, under a wartime insurance scheme, it paid the owners of the vessels when they sank, in effect making the remains the property of the taxpayer."<ref name="IndependentCoUk">((cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/battle-for-the-treasure-chest-that-changed-course-of-the-great-war-1646524.html |title=Battle for the treasure chest that changed the course of the Great War |newspaper=[[The Independent]] |access-date=2009-03-18 |location=London |date=17 March 2009))</ref> The search for the wreck was featured on an episode of Discovery Channel's ''[[Treasure Quest (TV series)|Treasure Quest]]'' titled "The Silver Queen". Items salvaged were 852 bars of silver and 132 boxes of silver coins worth an estimated £3m. One of the artifacts recovered during their investigation of the wreck happened to be the remains of a left shoe that likely belonged to one of the ship's female passengers.

==References==
((reflist))

==Bibliography==
*((cite book|last1=Osborne|first1=Richard|last2=Spong|first2=Harry|last3=Grover|first3=Tom|title=Armed Merchant Cruisers 1878–1945|year=2007|publisher=World Warship Society|location=Windsor, UK|isbn=978-0-9543310-8-5|name-list-style=amp))

==External links==
* ((cite web
|url=https://www.ggarchives.com/OceanTravel/ImmigrantShips/Laconia.html
|title=RMS Laconia - History, Accommodations, & Ephemera Collection
|work=GG Archives
|publisher=Gjenvick, Paul K.
))
* ((cite book
|url=https://www.ggarchives.com/SteamshipLines/CunardLine/Articles/1918-TheSinkingOfTheCunardLaconia.html
|chapter=The Sinking of the Cunard Line R.M.S. Laconia (I)
|title=And They Thought We Wouldn't Fight
|year=1918
|publisher=George H. Doran Company
|location=New York
|last=Gibbons
|first=Floyd
|work=GG Archives
))
* ((cite web
|url=https://www.ggarchives.com/Immigration/ImmigrantDocumentation/1913-06-10-Immigrant-Inspection-Card-Steerage.html
|title=Inspection Card for Immigrants and Steerage Passengers - 1913
|work=GG Archives
|publisher=Gjenvick, Paul K.
))
* ((cite web
|url=https://www.ggarchives.com/Immigration/ImmigrantTickets/1913-06-05-SteeragePassengerContract.html
|title=Steamship Ticket - Contract for Passage - Norwegian Immigrant - 1913
|work=GG Archives
|publisher=Gjenvick, Paul K.
))
* ((cite web
|url=https://www.ggarchives.com/OceanTravel/Brochures/CunardLine-1912-FranconiaAndLaconia.html
|title=The Cunard New Twin-Screw Steamers R.M.S. FRANCONIA and LACONIA (1912)
|work=GG Archives
|publisher=Gjenvick, Paul K.
))
* ((cite book
|url=http://www.skaneateles.org/laconia1.html
|chapter=The Sinking of the Laconia
|title=Your Headline Hunter
|year=1953
|orig-year=First published 1918
|publisher=Exposition Press
|location=New York
|last=Gibbons
|first=Floyd
|editor-last=Gibbons
|editor-first=Edward
|work=Gjenvick-Gjønvik Archives
))
((coord|52|0|N|13|40|W|display=title))
((Cunard ships))
((February 1917 shipwrecks))

((DEFAULTSORT:Laconia (1911)))
[[Category:1911 ships]]
[[Category:World War I Auxiliary cruisers of the Royal Navy]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1917]]
[[Category:Ships built by Swan Hunter]]
[[Category:Ships of the Cunard Line]]
[[Category:Ships sunk by German submarines in World War I]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks of Ireland]]
[[Category:World War I cruisers of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:World War I passenger ships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:World War I shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean]]

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