The village of Svatá Barbora is an administrative part of Radnice.
Geography
Radnice is located about 19 km (12 mi) northeast of Plzeň. It lies in the Plasy Uplands. The highest point is the hill Rovnička at 502 m (1,647 ft) above sea level. The Radnický stream flows through the town. Městský Pond is located inside the built-up area.
History
The first written mention of Radnice is from 1336, when King John of Bohemia sold it to the Rosenberg family. In 1478, Radnice was acquired by the Sternberg family. From 1541 to 1620, it was owned by the Czernin family. In 1570, Radnice was promoted to a town by Emperor Maximilian II.[2]
After the Battle of White Mountain, properties of the Czernin family were confiscated, and Radnice changed owners several times. During the Thirty Years' War, the town was looted several times. From 1758 until the abolition of manorialsm, Radnice was again property of the Rosenbergs.[2]
In the 19th century, coal mining developed in vicinity of Radnice igniting industrial development. In 1893, the railway was built. Radnice coal basin was depleted in 1986.[2]
The railway line from Plzeň terminates in the town.[5]
Sights
Former synagogue
The main landmark of the town centre is the Church of Saint Wenceslaus. It was originally a medieval church, first mentioned in 1385. It was completely rebuilt in the Baroque style around 1720, probably according to the design by Jakub Auguston.[6]
On the hill above the town there is the Chapel of the Visitation of the Virgin Mary, designed by Kilian Ignaz Dientzenhofer. It was built in the Baroque style around 1735. The way to the chapel is lined with Stations of the Cross.[2][7]
The former synagogue is a well preserved late Baroque building from the end of the 18th century.[8]
The most important Jewish monument is the cemetery with 210 preserved tombstones. The cemetery includes many artistically valuable tombstones, the oldest of which dates from 1734. The cemetery was used until 1935.[9]
The town museum is located in a valuable house from the first third of the 18th century. The museum bears the name of its founder, teacher Josef Hylák, and focuses on the ethnography, history and nature of Radnice and its surroundings.[10]
Notable people
Isaac Mayer Wise (1819–1900), American Reform rabbi; worked here in 1843–1846
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Czech Republic
