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((short description|Entity that operates a railroad/railway track and/or trains))
((More citations needed||date=August 2019|talk=y|small=))
A '''rail transport company''' is a [[company]] active within the [[rail industry]]. It can be: 
* a [[manufacturing]] company,
* a [[railway undertaking]] providing services through operating [[rolling stock]],
* a [[railway infrastructure manager]].

In some jurisdictions such as the [[United States]], railway companies may combine these roles.<ref>((cite web |title=A Primer On The Railroad Sector |url=https://www.investopedia.com/articles/stocks/11/primer-on-railroad-sector.asp |website=Investopedia |access-date=4 February 2022 |language=en))</ref> Railway companies can be [[private ownership|private]] or [[public ownership|public]].

==Structure==
In Europe, the EU requires its members to separate the national [[railway infrastructure manager]]s from [[railway undertaking]]s which are public and private companies providing services by operating [[rolling stock]]. This ensures conditions enabling the latter companies to [[competition|compete]] fairly among each other, with multiple companies [[bidding]] for the privilege to operate the line for a limited time period under [[public service obligation]] aided by [[railway subsidies]] or under [[franchising]]. In addition, other companies offer trackside and rolling stock maintenance.

Some countries have in turn a national railway company that owns all track and operates all trains in the country, for instance the [[Russian Railways]]<ref>((Cite web |url=https://tass.com/economy/1024573 |access-date=2022-06-01 |title=Russian railway monopoly plans to sell railcars, equipment to India |date=5 October 2018 |website=tass.com))</ref> (the world's largest rail company by network size). Other countries have many different, sometimes competing, railway companies that operate each their own lines, particularly in the [[United States]] and [[Canada]].<ref>((Cite web |title=Freight Rail Map of Class I Carriers in North America - ACW Railway Company |url=https://www.acwr.com/economic-development/rail-maps/class-i-freight-carriers |access-date=2022-06-01 |website=www.acwr.com))</ref> Countries may have both public and private railway companies, for instance the United States, where the publicly-owned [[Amtrak]] exists alongside numerous private operators.<ref>((Cite web |title=Understanding Amtrak and the Importance of Passenger Rail in the United States |url=https://www.americanprogress.org/article/understanding-amtrak-and-the-importance-of-passenger-rail-in-the-united-states/ |access-date=2022-06-01 |date=2015-06-04 |website=Center for American Progress |language=en))</ref>

==See also==
* [[Railway undertaking]]
* [[Railway infrastructure manager]]
* [[List of railway companies]]
* [[List of countries by rail transport network size]]
* [[Rail transport by country]]

==References==
((reflist))

((Rail-transport-stub))
((National railway companies of Europe))
((Authority control))

[[Category:Railway companies]]
[[cs:Provozovatel drážní dopravy]]
[[pl:Przewoźnik kolejowy]]

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