The cover of Railroad Gazette, June 17, 1904 to December 31, 1904.

Railroad Gazette, published as Western Railroad Gazette from its founding until 1870,[1] was a trade journal first published by Stanley C. Fowler, assisted by James J. Schock, in April 1856 at 128 South Clark St., Chicago, which focused on railroad, transportation and engineering topics. Master mechanics read and used the publication to share information about railway matters with one another.[2] An article in the publication documented what was purported to be the first locomotive run in the United States on a railroad, which was stated as performed by the author of the article. It also reported about the Erie Railroad's Rochester Division's electrification and about the opening of the Thebes Bridge. Over time Railroad Gazette editors included Arthur Mellen Wellington, Silas Wright Dunning (1838–1924) and Matthias Nace Forney with Horace Cleveland as an article contributor. The journal was sold by Fowler in 1870 to A.N. Kellogg (Ansel Nash Kellogg 1832-1886), who retained Schock.[3][4]

Another publication of the same name Railroad Gazette was established in 1843 in Rogersville, Tennessee.[5] It focused exclusively upon "internal improvement".[5]

Overview

Railroad Gazette was a trade journal[6][7] published in the United States that focused on railroad news, transportation and engineering.[8] The journal also published editorial content.[9] It was established and first published in April 1856.[10] Master train mechanics were among the journal's readership, who used it to share in technological information about railway matters.[2] The publication served as a forum for readers to discuss railroad management and technology.[11]

Content

In February–June 1872, Railroad Gazette published a series of articles written by a person using the pen name "Hindoo", and reader comments in response to the articles.[11] Hindoo was a British colonial official who was visiting the United States, who stated that the Indian railway system very rarely had problems with head-on and rear-end collisions, which were more frequent in the United States.[11] Hindoo proposed that this was due to the manner in which Indian train stations dispatched trains using telegraphs, in which a system was used whereby each train station acted as a "blocking point."[11] This blocking point system was originally devised by the British railroad industry, and forbade trains from leaving a station until a telegraph was received from the next station stating that the line was clear, upon which a clearance card was issued to the train operator.[11] Hindoo felt that the U.S. system placed too much responsibility upon a single dispatcher, who would "oversee all freight and passenger train movements on a division."[11]

Hindoo's articles provided a comparison of safety matters between Indian and American railway systems, comparisons of management systems and styles and comparisons in train dispatching methods.[11] A main contributor to the ongoing discussion was a reader using the pen name "X", and several other readers also responded.[11] In a response, X stated that the U.S. system was less expensive and more efficient compared to British and Indian methods, and posited whether another system could be used that is both cost effective and safe.[11] Additional reader responses generally concurred with X's opinion, but did not provide solid suggestions about how to remedy such problems.[11] One respondent stated that some of the comparisons were faulty as being based upon U.S. railway lines that did not use telegraphic dispatching.[11] This discourse in Railroad Gazette during this time also covered various aspects of problems and flaws in the American railroad system, and potential reforms to remedy these problems.[11]

An article published on April 18, 1884 in Railroad Gazette, written by railroad engineer Horatio Allen and titled "The First Railroad in America", states that the author (Allen) was the operator of the first locomotive run in the United States on a railroad.[12] Allen stated that on August 9, 1829, he ran a locomotive named Stourbridge Lion in Pennsylvania "three miles and back over rails of wood upon which bar iron 2 ¼ inches wide and 1 ½ inch thick was spiked down".[12]

Railroad Gazette reported about the electrification of the Erie Railroad's Rochester Division.[13] It also reported about the Thebes Bridge at the time the bridge was opened in Illinois.[14]

Personnel

Arthur Mellen Wellington was one of the editors of Railroad Gazette from 1884 to early 1887.[15] Wellington's work The Economic Theory of the Location of Railroads was first published in a series of Railroad Gazette articles in 1876.[15] A book of the same content was published in 1877 by Railroad Gazette.[15][16] Matthias Nace Forney was editor of the publication in the (circa) 1870s.[17][18] In 1866, Forney patented a concept for urban elevated railways which "later became the de facto standard for elevated railway service".[19] Articles written by the noted American landscape architect Horace Cleveland that focused upon tree planting efforts in the western United States were published in Railroad Gazette.[20]

Selected works

See also

References

  1. ^ Western Railroad Gazette, Illinois Digital Newspaper Collections, Illinois University Library
  2. ^ a b Fisk, Catherine L. (2009). Working Knowledge. Univ of North Carolina Press. p. 135. ISBN 978-0807899069.
  3. ^ Watson, Elmo Scott, A History of Newspaper Syndicates in the United States, 1865–1935, p. 12, Chicago, 1936.
  4. ^ Kellogg, Ansel Nash 1832 – 1886, Wisconsin Historical Society
  5. ^ a b Foster, Austin P. (2009). Counties of Tennessee. Genealogical Publishing. p. 21. ISBN 978-0806350615.
  6. ^ Camp, Mark J. (2006). Railroad Depots of West Central Ohio. Arcadia Publishing. p. 6. ISBN 0738540099.
  7. ^ "Railroad Gazette". Railroad Gazette. September 7, 1870. p. 1. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  8. ^ Railroad gazette : a journal of transportation, engineering, and railroad news. World Cat. OCLC 310961433.
  9. ^ Trachtenberg, A. (1979). Brooklyn Bridge: Fact and Symbol. A Phoenix book. University of Chicago Press. p. 111. ISBN 978-0-226-81115-4.
  10. ^ Railroad Gazette. Railroad Gazette. 1904.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Schwantes, B.S.M. (2008). Fallible Guardian: The Social Construction of Railroad Telegraphy in 19th-century America. University of Delaware. pp. 185–190. ISBN 978-0-549-92497-5. (subscription required)
  12. ^ a b Allen, Horatio (April 18, 1884). "The First Railroad in America". Daily Gazette and Bulletin (Williamsport, Pennsylvania). Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  13. ^ "The Electrification of Erie Railroad's Rochester Division". The Diamond. Erie Lackawanna Historical Society. 20 (2). 2006. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  14. ^ "Blog: Testing the Thebes Bridge". Southeast Missourian. January 17, 2011. Retrieved May 16, 2015.
  15. ^ a b c Petroski, Henry (2010). Engineers of Dreams. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. pp. 196–197. ISBN 978-0307773135.
  16. ^ Wellington, Arthur Mellen (1887). The Economic Theory of the Location of Railways. Railroad gazette.
  17. ^ Puffert, Douglas J. (2009). Tracks Across Continents, Paths Through History. University of Chicago Press. p. 132. ISBN 978-0226685090.
  18. ^ White, J.H. (1985). The American Railroad Passenger Car. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 379. ISBN 978-0-8018-2747-1.
  19. ^ Cudahy, B.J. (2002). How We Got to Coney Island: The Development of Mass Transportation in Brooklyn and Kings County. Fordham University Press Series. Fordham University Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0-8232-2209-4.
  20. ^ Cleveland, H.W.S.; History, Library of American Landscape (1873). Landscape Architecture, as Applied to the Wants of the West: With an Essay on Forest Planting on the Great Plains. American Society of Landscape Architects centennial reprint series. University of Massachusetts Press. ISBN 978-1-55849-330-8.

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