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((Multiple issues|
((primary sources|date=January 2017))
((more citations needed|date=January 2017))
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((Catholic marian prayers sidebar))
'''Raimondo Spiazzi OP''' (18 January 1918 &ndash; 14 October 2002) was an Italian  [[Catholic]] [[theologian]], advisor to [[Pius XII]], and  [[Mariology(RC)|Mariologist]]  with over 2,500 publications.

==Early Biography==
Spiazzi was born in [[Moneglia]], [[province of Genoa]].

==Formation==
He met [[Cardinal Secretary of State]] [[Eugenio Pacelli]] in 1937, who left a major impression on him and  facilitated his entry in the seminary.<ref name="pc">personal communication, March 2, 1992((Unverifiable|date=January 2017))</ref> 25 March 1944, he was ordained to the priesthood. During the war years he taught religion in a secondary school in [[Turin]].  After the war, he studied at  the Pontifical International Athenaeum ''Angelicum'', the future [[Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas|Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, ''Angelicum]]<ref>[[Cf.]] ((Cite book|title=Preaching Justice: Dominican Contributions to Social Ethics in the Twentieth Century|last=Benetollo|first=Vincenzo |publisher=Dominican Publications|year=2007|isbn=978-1-905604-07-4|editor-last=Compagnoni|editor-first=Francesco |volume=Part 1, Section C, 11|location=Dublin|pages=248|chapter=Raimondo Spiazzi (1918–2002)|editor-last2=Alford|editor-first2=Helen))</ref> in [[Rome]] and completed his doctorate in Sacred Theology there in 1947 with a dissertation entitled ''Il cristianesimo perfezione dell'uomo''.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.freeforumzone.com/lofi/Dedicato-al-grande-e-venerabile-padre-Raimondo-Spiazzi-O-P-/D8350616.html|title=Dedicato al grande e venerabile padre Raimondo Spiazzi O.P. - Madre Antonia Lalìa|website=www.freeforumzone.com|language=it|access-date=2017-01-13))</ref>

==Career==
He taught in Rome at the ''Angelicum'' until 1972.<ref name="in mem">rivoltialsignore.blogspot.com/2007/10/in-memoriam-padre-raimondo-spiazzi_((Dead link|date=January 2017))</ref> Spiazzi, a tireless scholar authored 2.500 publications of which  are 150 publications in book format. '' l'Edizione Marietti dell'Opera Omnia di San Tommaso d'Aquino, l'Enciclopedia Moderna del Cristinesimo, l'Enciclopedia Mariana "Theotòcos"''.<ref name="in mem" />  Many of his later publications are in the area of [[Mariology(RC)|Mariology]].

In 1959, Spiazzi published an article, which costs him banning from Rome and the wrath of [[Pope John XXIII]]. Aware of discussions  on the continued mandatory priestly celibacy, most prominently by the Cardinal Archbishop [[Emmanuel Célestin Suhard]] of Paris,  Spiazzi argued in ''Monitor Ecclesiasticus,'' that historical evidence for mandatory priestly celibacy was extremely shaky. He pointed out, that even at the Ecumenical [[Council of Trent]],  the fathers did not consider clerical celibacy a matter of divine positive law, "nor could they  since there were validly ordained married priests in communion with Rome".<ref>((Cite journal|year=1959|journal=Monitor Ecclesiasticus|publisher=Romae : Desclée|volume=84|issn=0026-976X))((unverifiable|date=January 2017))</ref>

Pope John XXIII  was not amused. He could not punish the Cardinal of Paris, but Spiazzi had to leave his teaching position and Rome within 24 hours. At the Roman synod on 27 January 1960, the Pontiff affirmed mandatory celibacy as a permanent reminder of  the heroic age, in which the Church had to do battle and succeeded to the extent that it won the triple title and emblem of its victory: ''The Church of Christ, free, chaste Catholic''.<ref>((Cite book|title=Lettere. 1958-1963. In appendice: Documenti e appunti vari.|last=Giovanni XXIII|publisher=Storia e Letteratura|year=1978|isbn=9788884986030|pages=133))</ref>

Spiazzi was theological advisor to [[Pope Pius XII]] from 1954 until his death in October 1958. During this time, the Pontiff issued two Marian encyclicals, [[Ad Caeli Reginam]] and [[Fulgens corona]].<ref name="pc" />  After the death of the Pope he wrote several books,  in which he illustrated the modern nature and applicability of the [[Magisterium]] of Pius XII. He participated in two seminars in the  Vatican on the theology and ecclesiology of the late pontiff. A bitter disagreement developed in a 9 October 1992 seminar, when [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]] [[Fiorenzo Angelini]] accused Raimondo Spiazzi of misrepresenting the late Pope. Angelini, who had come late to the Spiazzi presentation,  had most probably misinterpreted him. The encyclical ''[[Mystici corporis]]'', was in the view of Spiazzi, a most important legacy of Pope Pius XII  and a manifestation not only of his [[Christology]] but also of his [[Mariology]].<ref>R Spiazzi Mystici corpopis in 30 Giorni 1993.((unverifiable|date=January 2017))<!-- No idea what this even means --></ref> After a serious illness, Spiazzi left Rome in 1997. 
He was Ordinarius member of [[Pontifical Academy of Mary]].

Raimondo Spiazzi died in 2004 at [[Varazze]], [[province of Savona]].<ref name="in mem" />

== Selected works ==
* ''Processo a Pio XII Intervista con Raimondo Spiazzi'' (1979)
* ''Pio XII, mezzo secolo dopo'' (1991)
* ''Il Cardinale [[Giuseppe Siri]]'' (1990)
*''Echi et Commenti della Proclamazione del Domma dell’Assunzione ''(with [[Augustin Bea]] and  [[Pietro Parente]]; 1954)
* ''Da San Sisto sull'Appia al SS Rosario a Monte Mario'' (1999)
*''L'Enciclopedia Moderna del Cristianesimo''
* ''L'Enciclopedia Mariana'' (1965?)
* ''L'Edizione Marietti dell'Opera Omnia di San Tommaso d'Aquino''
* ''Cronache e fioretti del Monastero di San Sisto all'Appia'' (1994)
* ''San Domenico e il monastero di San Sisto all'Appia'' (1994)
* ''San Tommaso d'Aquino: biografia documentata'' (1997)
* ''Temi e problemi di Teologia Politica'' (1988)
* ''Dottrina soziale della Chiesa'' (1989)
* ''Enciclopedia del pensiero sociale cristiano'' (1992)

==Sources==
* Raimondo Spiazzi, ''Processo a Pio XII Intervista con Raomondo Spiazzi'', Pan Editrice, Milan, 1979
* ivoltialsignore.blogspot.com/2007/10/in-memoriam-padre-raimondo-spiazzi

== References==
((reflist|2))

((Catholicism)) 
((History of the Roman Catholic Church|collapsed))
((Pope Pius XII))
((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Spiazzi, Raimondo))
[[Category:1918 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:Italian religious writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Italian Roman Catholic theologians]]
[[Category:Italian Dominicans]]
[[Category:People from Moneglia]]
[[Category:Pope Pius XII advisers]]
[[Category:Pope Pius XII Mariology]]
[[Category:Catholic Mariology]]
[[Category:20th-century Italian Roman Catholic priests]]

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