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((Short description|Azerbaijani officer who was convicted of the murder of an Armenian lieutenant))
((Use dmy dates|date=December 2022))
((Infobox criminal
| name              = Ramil Səfərov
| image             = 
| image_size        = 
| caption           = 
| birth_date        = ((birth date and age|1977|August|25))
| birth_place       = [[Şükürbəyli, Jabrayil|Şükürbəyli]], [[Jabrayil District]], [[Azerbaijani SSR]], [[Soviet Union]]
| motive            = Anti-Armenian sentiment
| allegiance        = [[Azerbaijan]]
| conviction        = [[Premeditated murder]]
| conviction_penalty = [[Life imprisonment]]
| conviction_status = Extradited to Azerbaijan, pardoned by President [[Ilham Aliyev]]
| occupation        = [[Lieutenant colonel]] in [[Azerbaijani Army]]
| religion          = 
| victims           = [[Gurgen Margaryan]], 25
| date              = 19 February 2004
| states            = [[Hungary]]
))

'''Ramil Sahib oghlu Safarov''' (((lang-az|Ramil Sahib oğlu Səfərov)), ((IPA-az|ɾɑˈmil sɑˈhip oɣˈlu sæˈfæɾof|)), born August 25, 1977) is an officer of the [[Azerbaijani Land Forces|Azerbaijani Army]] who was convicted of the 2004 [[murder]] of [[Armenian Army]] Lieutenant [[Gurgen Margaryan]]. During a [[NATO]]-sponsored training seminar in [[Budapest]], Safarov broke into Margaryan's dormitory room at night and axed Margaryan to death while he was asleep. In Azerbaijan, Safarov has become a highly [[Anti-Armenian sentiment|celebrated figure]] for his killing of an [[Armenians|Armenian]].<ref name="aif">((cite news |last=Polupanov |first=Vladimir |date=6 September 2012 |title=Владимир Полупанов: Об убийцах с топором и национальных героях |url=https://aif.ru/society/35939 |work=[[Argumenty i Fakty]] |access-date=2 October 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002194538/https://aif.ru/society/35939 |archive-date=2 October 2013))</ref><ref name="Amnesty"/><ref name="IWPR" /><ref name="hearing" /><ref name=":0">“Zerkalo” Newspaper, Baku, 28.02.2004</ref>

In 2006, Safarov was convicted of [[premeditated murder]] and sentenced to [[life imprisonment]] in Hungary with a 30-year minimum. After his request under the [[Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons|Strasbourg Convention]], he was [[extradition|extradited]] on August 31, 2012, to Azerbaijan, where he was greeted as a hero,<ref>((cite news

|title=Azeri killer Ramil Safarov: Concern over Armenian anger|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19463968|agency=BBC News|date= September 3, 2012|access-date=September 3, 2012|quote=Ramil Safarov was given a hero's welcome on his return to Azerbaijan last week.))</ref><ref name="Jazeera">((cite news|title=Hero's welcome for Azerbaijan axe murderer|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/video/europe/2012/09/201291215548920251.html|agency=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]|date=September 2, 2012|access-date=September 2, 2012))</ref><ref name=BBC19440661>((cite news |title=Armenia cuts ties with Hungary over Azerbaijan killer pardon |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19440661 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=31 August 2012 |access-date=1 September 2012))</ref> pardoned by Azerbaijani president [[Ilham Aliyev]] despite contrary assurances made to Hungary,<ref name="WP">((cite news|title=Azerbaijan pardons, frees convicted killer|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2012/08/31/azerbaijan-pardons-frees-convicted-killer/|agency=[[Associated Press]] |work=[[Fox News]] |date=31 August 2012 |access-date=20 January 2013))</ref> promoted to the rank of major and given an apartment and over eight years of back pay.<ref name="rferl">((cite news|title=As Armenia Protests Killer's Pardon, Azerbaijan Promotes Him |url=http://www.rferl.org/content/armenia-protest-azerbaijani-killer-pardon-to-osce-minsk-group/24694817.html|agency=Radio Free Europe|date=31 August 2012 |access-date=2 September 2012))</ref> According to Azerbaijani authorities, Safarov was pardoned in compliance with the Constitution.<ref>((cite news|title=Ramil Safarov's pardon 'in line with the Constitution and laws of Azerbaijan'|url=http://www.news.az/articles/politics/67413|agency=News.az|date=1 September 2012|access-date=3 September 2012|archive-date=31 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331222346/https://news.az/articles/politics/67413|url-status=dead))</ref><ref>((cite web|title=Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons|url=http://conventions.coe.int/Treaty/en/Treaties/Html/112.htm|publisher=Council of Europe|date=21 March 1983|access-date=3 September 2012))</ref> Following Safarov's pardon, Armenia severed [[Armenia–Hungary relations|diplomatic relations with Hungary]] and immediate protests broke out in [[Yerevan]].<ref>((cite news|title=Armenians hold anti-Hungary rally over Azeri killer pardon|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19450438|agency=BBC|date=1 September 2012|access-date=3 September 2012))</ref> The extradition was widely condemned by international organizations and governments of many countries, including the US, Russia and France.

In a 2017 investigation into the [[Azerbaijani laundromat]] [[Money laundering|money-laundering]] scheme, it was uncovered and revealed that several bank transfers in 2012, totalling more than USD $9&nbsp;million, made to the Hungarian [[MKB Bank]] account in [[Budapest]] right around the time when the Hungarian government extradited Safarov to Azerbaijan.<ref name="atlatszo-2020"/><ref name="beacon-mkb"/>

==Early life==
Ramil Safarov was born on August 25, 1977, in the [[Şükürbəyli, Jabrayil|Şükürbəyli]] village<ref>((Cite web |date=2004-02-22 |title=Подробности по делу об убийстве армянского офицера в Венгрии |url=https://news.day.az/armenia/4619.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Day.Az |language=ru))</ref> of [[Jabrayil District]], former [[Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic]] of the [[Soviet Union]] (now [[Azerbaijan]]), where he finished middle school. He is one of four brothers. Jabrayil was occupied by Armenian forces<ref>((cite web|title=GENERAL ASSEMBLY ADOPTS RESOLUTION REAFFIRMING TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF AZERBAIJAN, DEMANDING WITHDRAWAL OF ALL ARMENIAN FORCES ((!)) Meetings Coverage and Press Releases|url=https://www.un.org/press/en/2008/ga10693.doc.htm|website=www.un.org|access-date=28 April 2017|language=en))</ref> on August 26, 1993, and remained under the control of the self-proclaimed Armenian [[Republic of Artsakh]] (Nagorno-Karabakh) as part of the unresolved [[Nagorno-Karabakh conflict]] until October 4, 2020. Safarov's family fled to [[Baku]] in 1991. During a court hearing, Safarov claimed to recount memories from the years of war, during which he had lost family members.<ref name="IWPR"/> This, however, contradicted another version he told the court, where he stated that he was studying in Azerbaijan's capital of [[Baku]] and in [[Turkey]] from 1992 to 1996.<ref name="IWPR"/> He continued his studies at Maltepe Military High School in [[İzmir]], Turkey, and then at the [[Turkish Military Academy]], graduating in 2000, after which he returned to Azerbaijan.<ref>((Cite news |last=Abilova |first=Gunel |date=26 August 2012 |title="Ramil dedi ki, heç vaxt intihar etmərəm" - Atası |trans-title="Ramil said that he would never commit suicide" - His father |work=Markaz.az |url=http://qafqazinfo.az/%E2%80%9CRAMIL_DEDI_KI,_HE%C3%87_VAXT_INTIHAR_ETM%C6%8FR%C6%8FM%E2%80%9D___ATASI-24109-xeber.html |url-status=dead |access-date=1 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120830054852/http://qafqazinfo.az/%E2%80%9CRAMIL_DEDI_KI,_HE%C3%87_VAXT_INTIHAR_ETM%C6%8FR%C6%8FM%E2%80%9D___ATASI-24109-xeber.html |archive-date=2012-08-30))</ref>

==Budapest murder==
In January 2004, the 26-year-old Ramil Safarov, along with another officer from Azerbaijan, went to [[Budapest]], Hungary, to participate in the three-month English language courses, organized by [[NATO]]'s [[Partnership for Peace]] program for military personnel from different countries. Two Armenian officers, a 25-year-old [[Gurgen Margaryan]] and Hayk Makuchyan, also participated in this program.

((external media |width=180px |image1=[https://galeria.index.hu/belfold/2012/09/01/ramil_safarov/2 The murder weapon]))

On the evening of February 18, Safarov bought an axe and a honing stone at Tesco, near [[Ferenc Puskás Stadium (1953)|Ferenc Puskás Stadium]]. He took them in the bag to his dormitory room at the [[:hu:Zrínyi Miklós Nemzetvédelmi Egyetem|Zrínyi Miklós National Defence University]], where all the course participants were staying. Safarov's roommate had returned to his native Ukraine to attend the funerals of his relatives and so nobody interrupted Safarov as he sharpened the axe in his room. At around 5:00 am on February 19, Safarov took the axe and went to Margaryan's room, which he was sharing with his Hungarian roommate, Balázs Kuti.<ref name="Vaskuti-13-4-2006">((cite document |last1=Vaskuti |first1=Andras |last2=Sandorne |first2=Almasi |last3=Szabo |first3=Tiborczi |date=13 April 2006 |title=Case number: 6.B. 515/2004/128 |location=Budapest |publisher=Capital Court in Budapest)) [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212543/https://safarov.org/safarov.pdf Archived] on 4 March 2016</ref> The door of their room was not locked. Safarov attacked the sleeping Margaryan with the axe and delivered 16 blows to his body, which almost severed Margaryan’s head.<ref name="IWPR">((cite web |url=http://iwpr.net/report-news/murder-case-judgement-reverberates-around-caucasus |title=Murder Case Judgement Reverberates Around Caucasus |last1=Grigorian |first1=Marina |last2=Orujev |first2=Rauf |date=20 April 2006 |work=[[Institute for War and Peace Reporting|Institute for War & Peace Reporting]] |access-date=12 September 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905071818/http://iwpr.net/report-news/murder-case-judgement-reverberates-around-caucasus |archive-date=5 September 2012 ))</ref> The noises woke up Kuti, who was shocked seeing the Azerbaijani officer standing by Gurgen’s bed with a long axe in his hands. As Kuti later testified, "By that time I understood that something terrible had happened for there was blood all around. I started to shout at the Azerbaijani urging him to stop it. He said that he had no problems with me and would not touch me, stabbed Gurgen a couple of more times and left. The expression of his face was as if he was glad he had finished something important. Greatly shocked, I ran out of the room to find help, and Ramil went in another direction".<ref>((cite web |url=https://evnreport.com/politics/echr-chamber-judgment-holds-azerbaijan-accountable-but-falls-short/ |title=ECHR Chamber Judgment Holds Azerbaijan Accountable, But Falls Short |date=26 May 2020 |website=[[EVN Report]] |access-date=7 June 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200607180122/https://evnreport.com/politics/echr-chamber-judgment-holds-azerbaijan-accountable-but-falls-short/ |archive-date=7 June 2020))</ref>

Afterwards, Safarov headed for the room of Makuchyan, the other Armenian student, with the intention of attacking him also, but found his door locked.<ref name="Vaskuti-13-4-2006" /><ref>((Cite web |title=Safarov Trial Resumes in Budapest – Asbarez.com |url=https://asbarez.com/safarov-trial-resumes-in-budapest/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=en-US))</ref> He shouted out Makuchyan’s name in a threatening voice. The half-sleeping Makuchyan wanted to open the door, but his [[Lithuania]]n roommate stopped him and called his compatriot next door to check what was going on.<ref>((cite news |title=Lithuanian Officer honored for saving Armenian serviceman in 2004 |url=https://balticword.com/lithuanian-officer-honored-for-saving-armenian-serviceman-in-2004/ |work=The Baltic Word |date=16 May 2018 |access-date=1 November 2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231101210144/https://balticword.com/lithuanian-officer-honored-for-saving-armenian-serviceman-in-2004/ |archive-date=1 November 2023))</ref> Meanwhile, Safarov went to look for Makuchyan in the room of the Serbian and the Ukrainian roommates, showing them the blood-stained axe and stating that he thirsted for nobody's blood but Armenian.<ref name=":1">((cite web |url=https://www.panorama.am/en/news/2020/02/19/axe-murdered-Armenian-officer/2241953|title='Just murder sleeping Armenian and you become hero in Azerbaijan', says expert 16 years after Gurgen Margaryan's brutal murder |date=19 February 2022 |access-date=1 May 2022 ))</ref> Later the eyewitnesses confessed that they were afraid to approach Ramil with a blood-stained axe closer than three meters.<ref name=":1" />

Soon after, the Hungarian police, which was summoned by Balázs Kuti, arrived and arrested Safarov at the scene.<ref name="Vaskuti-13-4-2006" /> A Hungarian court later found that it was an attempt on Makuchyan’s life and recognized the latter also as a victim.<ref>((Cite web |title=Safarov victim Hayk Makuchyan to apply to European institutions |url=https://www.panarmenian.net/eng/news/121214/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=PanARMENIAN.Net))</ref> While announcing the verdict the judge particularly emphasized that if Safarov had not been restrained by his fellow officers he would have killed the second Armenian officer as well.<ref name=":2">((Cite news |date=2006-04-13 |title=Hungary jails Azerbaijani killer |language=en-GB |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4907552.stm |access-date=2022-12-06))</ref>

===Interrogation and trial===
During his initial interrogation Safarov confessed to killing Margaryan and his intention to kill Makuchyan. Questioned about his motives during the interrogation, Safarov stated:

((blockquote|I regret that I hadn't killed any Armenian before this. The army sent me to this training and here I learnt that two Armenians were taking the same course with us. I must say that hatred against Armenians grew inside me. In the beginning we were greeting each other, or rather they said "hi" to me but I didn't respond. The reason why I committed the murder was that they passed by and smiled in our face. At that moment I decided to kill them, i.e. to saw their heads off...<ref name="aif"/>
<br />
I have been a soldier for 14 years now, but I cannot give an answer whether I would kill if I were a civil person. I haven't thought on the question whether I would kill Armenians if I were civil [sic]. My job is to kill all, because until they live we will suffer.<ref name="Kristóf">((Cite web |last=Szombati |first=Kristóf |date=7 September 2012 |title=What does the Safarov case tell us about Hungary today? |url=https://www.boell.de/en/intlpolitics/europe-north-america-safarov-case-hungary-15461.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124044943/http://www.boell.de/worldwide/europenorthamerica/europe-north-america-safarov-case-hungary-15461.html |archive-date=2012-11-24 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung [Heinrich Boell Foundation] |language=en))</ref>
<br />
If not here and now, then I would do the same thing any other time and in any other place. If there were more Armenians here I would like to kill all of them. It is a pity this was the first occasion and I hadn't managed to get better prepared for this action... My calling is to kill all the Armenians.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.panorama.am/ru/law/2012/02/20/safarov-margaryan/ |title=Рамиль Сафаров: Мое призвание в том, чтобы убить всех армян |access-date=2013-04-15 |archive-date=2012-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120906033746/http://www.panorama.am/ru/law/2012/02/20/safarov-margaryan/ |url-status=live ))</ref><ref>((cite news |last=Dadaian |first=Raffi |date=17 November 2020 |title=You are our mountains |url=https://armenianweekly.com/2020/11/17/you-are-our-mountains/ |work=Armenian Weekly |access-date=18 November 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201118230239/https://armenianweekly.com/2020/11/17/you-are-our-mountains/ |archive-date=18 November 2020))</ref>))

According to Balázs Kuti, at the very beginning of the language courses, when the students got acquainted, there was a conversation about different international issues, but nobody spoke of it afterwards. Kuti also said that he had not noticed any strain in the relationship between Margaryan and the Azerbaijani officers. Makuchyan's neighbor, officer Saulius Paulius, also said that he observed nothing strange in the relationship between the Armenian and the Azerbaijani guys. The police afterwards interrogated all the students and all testified that there was no conflict between the Armenian and the Azerbaijani officers and that they did not even interact with each other.<ref name="Vaskuti-13-4-2006" />

Later in an interview to the Armenian newspaper ''Iravunk'', Makuchyan confirmed that neither Gurgen nor him had had any contacts with any of the Azerbaijani officers. "They were not of a communicative type. Usually, after classes, they went straight to their rooms", said Makuchyan.<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.ianyanmag.com/the-safarov-triangle-a-primer-part-i/ |title=The Safarov Triangle: A Primer, Part I |last=Aghajanian |first=Liana |date=5 September 2012 |website=IANYAN |access-date=9 July 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709191358/http://www.ianyanmag.com/the-safarov-triangle-a-primer-part-i/ |archive-date=9 July 2018))</ref> To the question as to why he chose to attack Margaryan first, Safarov answered it was because he was big, muscular and of sportive type.<ref name="Vaskuti-13-4-2006" />

When the case went to trial Safarov's defense claimed that the murder was committed because Margaryan had insulted the Azerbaijani flag.<ref name="IWPR" /><ref name=":2" /> The claim that Safarov had been somehow insulted underwent several variations among press and politicians in Azerbaijan, without any evidence.<ref>((Cite web |last=Pearce |first=Katy |date=September 10, 2012 |title=Deep Dive: Filling In The Gaps – Reading The Ramil Safarov Case In Azerbaijan |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/filling-in-the-gaps-azerbaijani-media-construction-of-narrative-over-ramil-safarov-case-armenia/24703619.html |access-date=September 14, 2012 |website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |language=en))</ref> Safarov did not mention any insult in either his court trial,<ref name="Vaskuti-13-4-2006" /> and made it very clear he killed Margaryan just because he was an Armenian.<ref name="aif"/> No witnesses were ever called during the trial to corroborate these allegations of harassment in court and prosecution lawyers strongly disputed that they had taken place.<ref name="IWPR" /><ref name="Amnesty">((Cite web |title=Azerbaïdjan : Par son attitude, le gouvernement attise dangereusement les violences ethniques |trans-title=Azerbaijan: Government sends dangerous message on ethnically-motivated violence |url=https://www.amnesty.org/fr/documents/eur55/015/2012/fr/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Amnesty International |date=6 September 2012 |language=fr))</ref> Despite the lack of evidence the Azerbaijani media, including state-owned media outlets, have circulated the version of the flag for making Safarov a national hero.<ref name="Amnesty" />

The defense also alleged that Safarov was mentally sick when committing the murder; however, the forensic medical examination, which was upheld by the judge, showed that "Safarov was sane and aware of the consequences of his act".<ref>((Cite web |last= |first= |date=2013-03-04 |title=Hero-murderer Ramil Safarov told about his bodily fear towards Armenians |url=http://www.panorama.am/en/society/2013/03/04/ramil-safarov/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=www.panorama.am |language=en))</ref>

On April 13, 2006, a Hungarian court sentenced Safarov to [[life imprisonment]] without right of appeal for 30 years.<ref name="IWPR"/> The judge, András Vaskuti, cited the premeditated nature and brutality of the crime and the fact that Safarov showed no remorse for his deeds as the reasons for the sentence. Handing down a life sentence, the judge particularly emphasised that “the murder of a sleeping man in peace time is always a crime and cannot be an act of heroism”.<ref name="IWPR"/> On February 22, 2007, a Hungarian appeals court upheld the ruling following an appeal filed by Safarov's lawyer.<ref>((cite news |title=Azeri jailed for life in Hungary for killing Armenian |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL22518458 |work=[[Reuters]] |date=22 February 2007 |access-date=30 December 2009))</ref>
While serving his sentence, Safarov translated several novels by [[Literature of Hungary|Hungarian]] authors into [[Azeri language|Azeri]], including [[Magda Szabó]]'s ''The Door'' (((lang-hu|Az ajtó)))<ref>((Cite web |date=2011-09-14 |title=Рамиль Сафаров перевел очередное произведение венгерского автора |trans-title=Ramil Safarov Translated Another Work by Hungarian Writer |url=https://news.day.az/society/288324.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Day.Az |language=ru))</ref> and ''[[The Paul Street Boys]]'' (((lang-hu|A Pál utcai fiúk))) ([[Young adult literature|youth novel]] by the [[Hungary|Hungarian]] writer [[Ferenc Molnár]]).<ref>((cite news |title=The Paul Street Boys translated by Ramil Safarov published in Azerbaijani |url=http://www.apa.az/en/news.php?id=172633 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191219192225/https://www.apa.az/en/news.php?id=172633 |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 December 2019 |agency=[[Azerbaijan Press Agency|Azerbaijan Press Agency (APA)]] |date=28 May 2012 |access-date=12 September 2012 ))</ref>

===Reaction to the murder and the sentence===
A lawyer representing the victim's family welcomed the sentence as a "good decision for the Hungarian court and for [[Armenia]]n society."<ref>((cite news |title=Hungary jails Azerbaijani killer |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4907552.stm |work=[[BBC News]] |date=April 13, 2006 |access-date =September 2, 2012))</ref>

Many officials in Azerbaijan publicly praised Safarov's actions, while there were also those who condemned them. [[Elmira Süleymanova]], the human rights commissioner ([[ombudsman]]) of Azerbaijan, declared that Safarov's punishment was far too harsh and that "Safarov must become an example of patriotism for the Azerbaijani youth".<ref name="IWPR"/><ref name=":0"/> The banned radical [[Azerbaijan National Democrat Party]] awarded Safarov with the title of "Man of the Year 2005" for killing an Armenian.<ref name="hearing">((cite book |title=Ideals vs. Reality in Human Rights and U.S. Foreign Policy: The Cases of Azerbaijan, Cuba, and Egypt |year=2007 |publisher=Committee on Foreign Affairs – House of Representatives |page=12 |isbn=9780160793028 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bTtKr0XbTcAC&q=Safarov))</ref>

Fuad Agayev, a prominent Azeri lawyer, said that Azeris "...have to urgently stop this current campaign to raise Safarov to the rank of national hero. He is no hero.”<ref name="IWPR"/>

The [[United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs]] condemned Azerbaijan's reaction to the brutal murder of the Armenian officer in a hearing. A report which was published by the Committee on Foreign Affairs contained a statement by Bryan Ardouny, Executive Director of the [[Armenian Assembly of America]], who stated that "The Azerbaijani government has also consistently failed to condemn Safarov, an Azeri military officer who in 2003 [sic] brutally murdered an Armenian participant at a NATO Partnership for Peace military training exercise in Budapest, Hungary. Instead, it has encouraged domestic media and various organizations to treat the murderer as a celebrity. That individual has since been awarded the title of 'Man of the Year' by Azerbaijan’s National-Democratic Party."<ref name="hearing"/>

==Extradition and pardon==
===Safarov's welcome in Azerbaijan===
After serving eight years of the life sentence, Safarov was extradited under the framework guidelines of the 1983 Strasbourg [[Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons]] and transferred to Azerbaijan on August 31, 2012.<ref name=BBC19440661/> Although the Hungarian government stated that it had received assurances from the Azerbaijan government that the remainder of the sentence would be enforced, President [[Ilham Aliyev]] issued a [[pardon]] immediately upon Safarov's arrival in Baku and ordered that he be "freed from the term of his punishment."<ref name="washingtonpost">((cite news |title=Azerbaijani military officer serving life for murder in Hungary is freed when sent home
|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/azerbaijani-military-officer-serving-life-for-murder-in-hungary-is-freed-when-sent-home/2012/08/31/8aae7450-f371-11e1-b74c-84ed55e0300b_story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211061543/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/azerbaijani-military-officer-serving-life-for-murder-in-hungary-is-freed-when-sent-home/2012/08/31/8aae7450-f371-11e1-b74c-84ed55e0300b_story.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=December 11, 2018 |agency=[[Associated Press]] |newspaper=[[Washington Post]] |date=August 31, 2012 |access-date=August 31, 2012))</ref>

Azerbaijani Defense Minister [[Safar Abiyev]] promoted Safarov to the rank of major and the Defense Ministry of Azerbaijan provided him with an apartment and over eight years of back pay.<ref name="rferl"/><ref>((cite news |title=Azerbaijani Defense Ministry grants apartment to Ramil Safarov |first=E.|last=Mehdiyev |url=http://en.trend.az/news/society/2060913.html |agency=[[Trend News Agency]] |date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=September 1, 2012))</ref> On September 1, Azerbaijani Foreign Ministry spokesman Elman Abdullayev said that the return of Safarov to Azerbaijan is a matter of relations between Azerbaijan and Hungary, which was resolved in the "framework of the law and is not contrary to norms and principles of the international law."<ref name=Trend/> He described Armenian President [[Serzh Sargsyan]]'s statements as "hysterical" and accused him of being one of the leaders of the group that committed the [[Khojaly Massacre]].<ref name=Trend>((cite news |title=Azerbaijani Foreign Ministry: Safarov's return not contrary to international law |first=M. |last=Aliyev |url=http://en.trend.az/news/politics/2060944.html |agency=[[Trend News Agency]] |date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=September 1, 2012))</ref>

After arriving in Baku, Safarov stated: "This is restoration of justice. It was a bit of surprise for me."<ref>((cite news |title=Ramil Safarov: "This is restoration of justice" |url=http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=178082 |agency=[[Azerbaijan Press Agency]] |date=August 31, 2012 |access-date=August 31, 2012 ))((dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))</ref> He then visited [[Martyrs' Lane]] to lay flowers at the tomb of Azerbaijan's former president [[Heydar Aliyev]]. He also laid flowers at the Eternal Flame monument and visited a monument to Turkish soldiers.<ref>((cite news|title=Ramil Safarov pays respect to national leader Heydar Aliyev and Azerbaijani heroes|url=http://www.today.az/news/politics/111826.html|newspaper=TODAY.AZ
|date=August 31, 2012|access-date=September 1, 2012))</ref>

[[Novruz Mammadov]], the head of the presidential foreign relations department, said that secret talks had been going on for a year between Azerbaijan and Hungary, and that agreement had been reached on the visit of Hungarian prime minister [[Viktor Orbán]].<ref>((cite news |title='Agreement during Hungarian Premier's visit decisive in Ramil Safarov's issue' |url=http://news.az/articles/politics/67397 |work=News.az |date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=September 1, 2012))</ref>

A week before Safarov's release there came reports that the two countries were in talks over a loan from Azerbaijan to Hungary of 2-3bn euros ($2.5–3.8bn; £1.6–2.4bn) which gave way to speculations in Hungary that Orbán extradited Safarov in return for a promise that Azerbaijan would buy Hungarian bonds.<ref name="euobserver.com">((Cite web |date=2012-09-03 |title=Axe murder complicates EU-Azerbaijan love affair |url=https://euobserver.com/world/117404 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=EUobserver |language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite news |date=2012-09-06 |title=Azeri killer Ramil Safarov: Nato chief 'concerned' |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-19499151 |access-date=2022-12-06))</ref> In a 2017 investigation, an [[Azerbaijani laundromat]] [[Money laundering|money-laundering]] scheme was uncovered and revealed, among many other briberies, that several bank transfers in 2012, totalling more than USD $9&nbsp;million, made to the Hungarian [[MKB Bank]] account in [[Budapest]] right around the time when the Hungarian government extradited Safarov to Azerbaijan.<ref name="atlatszo-2020">((Cite web|title=Hungarian businessman connected to the Azerbaijani Laundromat makes a fortune in the ventilator business|url=https://english.atlatszo.hu/2020/11/05/hungarian-businessman-connected-to-the-azerbaijani-laundromat-makes-a-fortune-in-the-ventilator-business/|access-date=March 6, 2021|website=English|date=5 November 2020 ))</ref><ref name="beacon-mkb">((cite news |last=Novak |first=Benjamin |date=6 September 2017 |title=Azeri slush fund reportedly tied to deposits in MKB account around the time of Safarov extradition |url=https://budapestbeacon.com/azeri-slush-fund-reportedly-tied-deposits-mkb-account-around-time-safarov-extradition/ |work=[[The Budapest Beacon]] |access-date=11 October 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011013800/https://budapestbeacon.com/azeri-slush-fund-reportedly-tied-deposits-mkb-account-around-time-safarov-extradition/ |archive-date=11 October 2017))</ref> Several media outlets suggested a connection between [[Viktor Orbán]]'s visit to Baku in June and the first instalment of $7.6&nbsp;million transferred to the bank account in July, since by the end of August Safarov was handed over to Azerbaijan.<ref>((Cite web|last=Novak|first=-Benjamin|date=November 16, 2017|title=Big push in Hungary and EP for comprehensive inquiry into Azeri Laundromat|url=https://budapestbeacon.com/big-push-hungary-ep-comprehensive-inquiry-azeri-laundromat/|access-date=March 6, 2021|website=The Budapest Beacon|language=en-US))</ref><ref>((Cite web|date=September 5, 2017|title=Azeri guruló dollárok Budapesten a baltás gyilkos kiadása idején ((!)) atlatszo.hu|url=https://atlatszo.hu/2017/09/05/azeri-gurulo-dollarok-budapesten-a-baltas-gyilkos-kiadasa-idejen/|access-date=March 6, 2021|language=hu))</ref><ref>((Cite web|last=Tbg|date=September 5, 2017|title=Akkor érkeztek azeri dollármilliók egy budapesti számlára, amikor az ország kiadta a baltás gyilkost|url=https://444.hu/2017/09/05/akkor-erkeztek-azeri-dollarmilliok-egy-budapesti-szamlara-amikor-az-orszag-kiadta-a-baltas-gyilkost|access-date=March 6, 2021|website=444))</ref><ref>((Cite web|last=Balogh|first=Eva S.|date=September 6, 2017|title=The "Azerbaijan Laundromat" and Orbán's Hungary|url=https://hungarianspectrum.org/2017/09/06/the-azerbaijan-laundromat-and-orbans-hungary/|access-date=March 6, 2021|website=Hungarian Spectrum|language=en-US))</ref><ref>((Cite web|title=Report: $7 Million Payment Tied to Hungary's Extradition of Azerbaijani Axe-Murderer ((!)) Eurasianet|url=https://eurasianet.org/report-7-million-payment-tied-to-hungarys-extradition-of-azerbaijani-axe-murderer|access-date=March 6, 2021|website=eurasianet.org|language=en))</ref><ref name="atlatszo-2017">((Cite web|title=Atlatszo is joining forces with Hungarian MEP to urge a comprehensive inquiry into the Azerbaijani Laundromat|url=https://english.atlatszo.hu/2017/11/17/atlatszo-is-joining-forces-with-hungarian-mep-to-urge-a-comprehensive-inquiry-into-the-azerbaijani-laundromat/|access-date=March 14, 2021|website=English|date=17 November 2017 ))</ref>

Azerbaijani high-ranking officials have praised Safarov's extradition and pardon giving him a hero's welcome. Presidential Administration of Azerbaijan Novruz Mammadov stated in the interview:
<blockquote>Yes, he is in Azerbaijan. This is a great news for all of us. It is very touching to see this son of the homeland, which was thrown in jail after he defended his country's honor and dignity of the people.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://news.az/articles/67397/print |title=News.az ''Agreement during Hungarian Premier's visit decisive in Ramil Safarov's issue'' |access-date=2013-04-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905031232/http://news.az/articles/67397/print |archive-date=2012-09-05 |url-status=dead ))</ref><ref name="euobserver.com"/></blockquote>

Elnur Aslanov, Chief of the Political Analysis and Information Department of the Presidential Administration of Azerbaijan said that "...heroes as Mubariz Ibrahimov and Ramil Safarov with their bravery brought the second breath to the Azerbaijani society and people”.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://en.apa.az/news/153959 |title=Apa.az, 26.09.2011 ''Department Chief of Presidential Administration Elnur Aslanov: "Mubariz Ibrahimov and Ramil Safarov brought second breath to Azerbaijan"'' |access-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715142536/http://en.apa.az/news/153959 |archive-date=2014-07-15 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

Ali Ahmedov, Deputy Chairman and Executive Secretary of the ruling New Azerbaijan Party stated that the "Order of President Ilham Aliyev to pardon Ramil Safarov is a triumph of determination, courage and justice".<ref>((Cite web |date=2012-09-01 |title=NAP: 'Safarov's release is triumph of courage and justice' |url=http://www.today.az/news/politics/111835.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=www.today.az))</ref>

Prominent public figures in Azerbaijan have made similar statements endorsing Safarov's image as a hero. Famous Azerbaijani singer and a deputy of Azerbaijani Parliament Zeynab Khanlarova made the following statement:
<blockquote>Safarov is not just a hero of Azerbaijan, he is an international hero! A monument should be set up to him. Not every man could do this. There are two heroes − Mr. Ilham Aliyev and Ramil Safarov. I would have done exactly as Ramil did. He did the right thing to take the life of an Armenian.<ref>((Cite news |date=2012-03-10 |title=Zeynəb Xanlarova: "Əlimdə səlahiyyət olsa..." |trans-title=Zeynab Khanlarova: "If I had the power..." - EXCLUSIVE |work=AzNews |url=http://aznews.az/news.php?id=7477#.USYg6R1aU2k |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130621100759/http://aznews.az/news.php?id=7477 |archive-date=2013-06-21))</ref></blockquote>

Commenting on the hero's welcome received by Safarov in Azerbaijan, [[Geydar Dzhemal]], political scientist, the Chairman of the Islamic Committee of Russia, said,
“I am absolutely convinced that the welcoming of Ramil Safarov as a hero in Azerbaijan is quite natural”.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.peeep.us/f2ddcadb |title=Day.Az. 04.09.2012 |access-date=2018-12-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714234601/http://www.peeep.us/f2ddcadb |archive-date=2014-07-14 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

On September 19, 2013, during the opening ceremony of the [[March days#Legacy|Guba Memorial Complex]], President Aliyev stated that they "restored the justice" by returning Safarov to Azerbaijan.<ref>((cite news|title=Azerbaijani President: "There will be time, we will live in Irevan, Goyce and Zengezur|url=http://en.apa.az/xeber_azerbaijani_president_____there_will_be_ti_199733.html|access-date=21 September 2013|newspaper=APA|date=19 September 2013))</ref>
Аzeri leaders have more than once called Armenians number one enemy, while Safarov’s attorney stated at Budapest trial that "killing an Armenian is not a crime in Azerbaijan."<ref>((Cite web |date=August 25, 2012 |title=Armenian NGOs urge Hungary against extradition of Azeri assassin Safarov |url=https://www.panarmenian.net/eng/news/120551/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=PanARMENIAN.Net))</ref>

===International reaction===
====Armenia====
((external media |video1=((YouTube|LkwnkSpPTAY|Protesters burn the Hungarian flag in Yerevan))))
President [[Serzh Sargsyan]] announced Armenia's suspension of diplomatic relations and all official communications with Hungary on the day of Safarov's release.<ref name=president>((cite web |url=http://www.president.am/en/press-release/item/2012/08/31/President-Serzh-Sargsyan-ambassadors-meeting/ |title=Remarks by the President of the Republic of Armenia Serzh Sargsyan at the Meeting with the Heads of Diplomatic Missions Accredited in the Republic of Armenia |date=August 31, 2012 |publisher=The Office to the President of the Republic of Armenia |access-date=August 31, 2012))</ref> "This is not a simple murder. It is murder on ethnic grounds," he said.<ref>((cite news |title=Armenia cuts links with Hungary after axe-killer pardon |url=http://www.focus-fen.net/?id=n286310 |agency=Focus Information Agency |date=31 August 2012 |access-date=2 September 2012))</ref>

Sargsyan suggested the possibility that Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev and Hungarian prime minister [[Viktor Orbán]] had entered into a secret agreement during the latter's visit to Baku on June 30, 2012. A number of sources in the media have also speculated that Hungary's deepening economic ties with Azerbaijan may have had something to do with Safarov's release.<ref name="washingtonpost"/><ref>((cite news|title=Blunder in Budapest|url=https://www.economist.com/blogs/easternapproaches/2012/09/hungary-armenia-and-axe-murderer|newspaper=[[The Economist]]|date=September 4, 2012|access-date=September 4, 2012))</ref> Sargsyan concluded his statements by saying, "with their joint actions the authorities of Hungary and Azerbaijan have opened the door for the recurrence of such crimes."<ref name=president/>

Demonstrations took place in front of the Hungarian consulate in [[Yerevan]], during which the building was pelted with tomatoes. Demonstrators also burned a Hungarian flag. A photo of Safarov was also burned by the activists.<ref>((cite news |title=Armenian activists threw down Hungarian flag |url=http://armenpress.am/eng/news/691837/armenian-activists-threw-down-hungarian-flag.html |agency=ArmenPress |date=August 31, 2012 |access-date=September 12, 2012))</ref><ref>((cite news |title=Armenians hold anti-Hungary rally over Azeri killer pardon |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19450438 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=September 1, 2012))</ref> National Assembly Speaker [[Hovik Abrahamyan]] cancelled his visit to Hungary planned for late September.<ref>((cite news
|url=http://armenpress.am/eng/news/691836/speaker-of-the-armenian-parliament-cancells-his-visit-to-hungary.html |title=Speaker of the Armenian Parliament cancels his visit to Hungary |agency=ArmenPress |date=August 31, 2012 |access-date=August 31, 2012))</ref>

Hayk Makuchyan, whom Safarov unsuccessfully planned to kill on the same night as Margaryan, stated that he will petition to all judicial instances and possibly The Hague, since the murder was committed on ethnic grounds, adding: "I had no doubt that Ramil Safarov would not have served his sentence in the case of an extradition. But the Azerbaijani leadership’s cynicism surpassed everything."<ref>((cite news |title=Armenian officer, who miraculously escaped from Azerbaijani serviceman's axe, will fight for his rights |url=http://news.am/eng/news/119244.html |agency=News.am |date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=September 2, 2012))</ref>

====Hungary====
((multiple image |direction=vertical
|image1= |caption1=Armenians protest in Los Angeles
|image2=Armenian-Cypriots Hungarian embassy.jpg |caption3=[[Armenians in Cyprus|Armenians]] protest in front of the Hungarian Embassy in Nicosia
|image3=Protest aganist pardon of Safarov in Moscow Sept 14 2012-10.jpg|caption4=Protest in [[Moscow]], September 14, 2012))

On September 2 the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Hungary announced the country "refuses to accept and condemns the action of Azerbaijan, which contradicts the relevant rules of international law and sharply contrasts the undertaking of the Azerbaijani side in this matter, confirmed by the Deputy Minister of Justice of the Republic of Azerbaijan in his letter <...> of 15 August 2012."<ref name="kormany1"/> The Ministry of Foreign Affairs condemned the action of Azerbaijan in a [[diplomatic note]].<ref name="kormany1">((cite web |url=http://www.kormany.hu/en/ministry-of-foreign-affairs/news/press-release |title=Press release |date=September 2, 2012 |work=Website of the Hungarian Government |access-date=September 2, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120906134610/http://www.kormany.hu/en/ministry-of-foreign-affairs/news/press-release |archive-date=September 6, 2012 ))</ref> The press release also states that "Hungary regards the decision of Azerbaijan inconsistent with the spirit of cooperation based on mutual trust that has been achieved during the past years between our respective countries."<ref name="kormany1"/>

The opposition parties strongly criticized [[Viktor Orbán]] and his cabinet for the move.<ref>((cite web|url=http://atv.hu/cikk/20120901_navracsics_es_martonyi_tavozasat_koveteli_az_ellnzek|title=Navracsics és Martonyi távozását követelik|date=September 1, 2012|publisher=ATV|access-date=September 1, 2012|language=hu))</ref>
Despite government denials, opposition parties said Orbán let Safarov return to Azerbaijan in the hope of economic favors in return from the energy producer Azerbaijan.<ref name="reuters">((Cite news |date=2012-09-18 |title=INSIGHT-Hungarians impatiently await promised "fairy tale" |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/hungary-orban-idUSL5E8KDGBI20120918 |access-date=2022-12-06))</ref>

Representatives of [[Magyar Szocialista Párt|MSZP]], the then largest opposition party, called for various subcommittees of the parliament to examine who exactly made the decision and why the procedure was kept secret. MSZP had been in power until 2010, and had refused to release Safarov.<ref>((cite web|url=http://nol.hu/archivum/mszp__titkos_paktum_safarov_kiadatasarol_|title=MSZP: Titkos paktum Safarov átadásáról?|date=September 1, 2012|publisher=NOL / MTI|access-date=September 1, 2012|language=hu))</ref> The Socialists have also called on Orbán to resign over the decision.<ref name="reuters"/>

====Other countries ====
*'''((Flag|United States))''': Both the [[United States National Security Council]] and the [[State Department]] expressed "deep concern" over the matter. The press statement from Washington said: "We are expressing our deep concern to Azerbaijan regarding this action and seeking an explanation. We are also seeking further details from Hungary regarding the decision to transfer Mr. Safarov to Azerbaijan."<ref>((cite web |url=https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2012/08/197250.htm |title=Pardon of Azerbaijani Soldier |date=August 31, 2012 |publisher=[[U.S. State Department]] |access-date=September 1, 2012 ))</ref> National Security Council Spokesman Tommy Vietor also stated: "President Obama is deeply concerned by today’s announcement that the President of Azerbaijan has pardoned Ramil Safarov following his return from Hungary... We are communicating to Azerbaijani authorities our disappointment about the decision to pardon Safarov. This action is contrary to ongoing efforts to reduce regional tensions and promote reconciliation."<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2012/08/31/statement-nsc-spokesman-tommy-vietor-azerbaijan-s-decision-pardon-ramil- |title=Statement by NSC Spokesman Tommy Vietor on Azerbaijan's Decision to Pardon Ramil Safarov |date=August 31, 2012 |publisher=[[The White House]] |access-date=August 31, 2012))</ref> "We were appalled by the glorification that we heard in some quarters of somebody who was convicted of murder," said [[Philip Gordon]], the U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs. He called the case "a real provocation in the region."<ref>((Cite web |date=September 20, 2012 |title=U.S. 'Not Satisfied' On Safarov Case |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/us-gordon-safarov-azerbaijan-armenia-hungary/24715107.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty |language=en))</ref> The Azerbaijani foreign ministry responded, "it is perplexing that the U.S. government interferes in the relations of two independent states – Azerbaijan and Hungary" and suggested that the U.S. response was connected to the [[2012 United States presidential election|elections in the U.S.]]<ref>((cite news |title=Azerbaijan FM: It is perplexing that U.S. government interferes in relations of two independent states |first=Anahanum |last=Idoyatova |url=http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=178154 |agency=[[Azerbaijan Press Agency|Azerbaijan Press Agency (APA)]] |date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=September 1, 2012 ))((dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes ))</ref>
*'''((flag|Russia))''': On September 3, the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued the following statement: "In Russia, which is the co-chairman of the OSCE Minsk Group on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict settlement, received reports with deep concern regarding the clemency of Baku Azeri serviceman Ramil Safarov, who was sentenced to life imprisonment for the commission of the murder of an Armenian officer with an extreme atrocity in Hungary in the 2004, as well as regarding the preceded decision of the Hungarian authorities to extradite him to Azerbaijan. We believe that these actions of Azerbaijan, as well as the Hungarian authorities to run counter to the efforts agreed at international level, particularly through the OSCE Minsk Group, directed to reduce tension in the region."<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.mid.ru/BDOMP/Brp_4.nsf/arh/68D09D0ECD48637B44257A6F0046A931 |title=Statement of t A.K. Lukashevich, Official Representative of MFA of Russia, regarding the extradition of Azerbaijani soldier by Hungary |date=September 3, 2012 |publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation]] |access-date=September 3, 2012))</ref>
*'''((flag|France))''': Foreign Ministry said that "France expresses her concern following the announcement of the pardon granted to M. Safarov by the Azerbaijani authorities". As one of the [[OSCE Minsk Group]] countries, France is "strongly committed to a peaceful solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, [and] believes that this decision risks seriously damaging the negotiation efforts and the establishment of a climate of trust between the parties."<ref>((cite web| url = http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files/azerbaijan/france-and-azerbaijan/political-relations-6890/article/azerbaijan-pardon-granted-to-m| title = Azerbaijan – Pardon granted to M.Safarov – Statement by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Spokesman (September 3, 2012)| date = September 3, 2012| publisher = Ministry of Foreign Affairs of France| access-date = September 5, 2012| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121117083829/http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files/azerbaijan/france-and-azerbaijan/political-relations-6890/article/azerbaijan-pardon-granted-to-m| archive-date = November 17, 2012))</ref>
*'''((flag|Sweden))''': Swedish Foreign Minister [[Carl Bildt]] tweeted "Strange decision in Azerbaijan to pardon man having murdered an Armenian in Hungary. Rule of law must apply."<ref>((Cite web |title=Carl Bildt: Strange decision in Azerbaijan to pardon man having murdered an Armenian in Hungary. Rule of law must apply. |url=https://twitter.com/carlbildt/status/241794637193416704 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Twitter |language=en))</ref>
*'''((flag|Cyprus))''': Foreign Affairs Minister [[Erato Kozakou-Marcoullis]]'s statement said "we deeply regret and deplore this Presidential pardon and the damage inflicted by the actions that followed the release, aimed at glorifying this hideous crime, to the reconciliation efforts with Azerbaijan and we are also very concerned of its effects on regional stability."<ref>((cite news | title = Cyprus FM deplores release of Ramil Safarov | url = http://news.am/eng/news/121130.html | agency = News.am | date = September 15, 2012 | access-date = September 15, 2012))</ref>

====European Court of Human Rights====
A court case, [[Makuchyan and Minasyan v. Azerbaijan and Hungary]], was brought in front of the [[European Court of Human Rights]] and decided upon in 2020, the final judgement placing blame on Azerbaijan for its decisions in the treatment of Safarov ([[mala fide]] acts), but largely acquitting Hungary for its part in transferring the convicted murderer to his home country ([[due diligence]]).<ref name=EuropeanCourt>((cite web |author= Cedric Ryngaert and Kushtrim Istrefi |title= An Azeri kills an Armenian soldier at a NATO training in Budapest: the ECtHR decides a rare case of State responsibility and presidential pardon |website= strasbourgobservers.com |publisher= The Strasbourg Observers Blog, Human Rights Centre of Ghent University, Belgium |date= 29 June 2020 |url= https://strasbourgobservers.com/2020/06/29/an-azeri-kills-an-armenian-soldier-at-a-nato-training-in-budapest-the-ecthr-decides-a-rare-case-of-state-responsibility-and-presidential-pardon/#more-4747 |access-date=18 November 2020))</ref><ref name=ECHRfinal>((cite web |url=https://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-202524 |title=Final judgement in case of MAKUCHYAN AND MINASYAN v. AZERBAIJAN AND HUNGARY |work=[[European Court of Human Rights]] |date=12 October 2020 ))</ref><ref>((cite journal |last1=Istrefi |first1=Kushtrim |last2=Ryngaert |first2=Cedric |title=Makuchyan and Minasyan v Azerbaijan and Hungary: Novel Questions of State Responsibility, Presidential Pardon, and Due Diligence of Sentencing Transfer Meet in a Rare Case of the Right to Life |journal=European Convention on Human Rights Law Review |date=2021 |volume=3 |issue=2 |pages=263–278 |doi=10.1163/26663236-bja10029 |s2cid=239273692 |issn=2666-3228))</ref>

====Organizations====
* '''((flag|United Nations))''' UN Secretary General [[Ban Ki-moon]] has expressed his concern over Safarov's extradition and subsequent pardon.<ref>((Cite web |date=6 September 2012 |title=Highlights of the Noon Briefing by Martin Nesirky, Spokesperson for Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon: Secretary-General Voices Concern Over Case of Azeri Man |url=https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/highlight/2012-09-06.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=www.un.org))</ref> The U.N.'s top human rights official also strongly criticized Safarov's pardon. U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay's spokesman, Rupert Colville, told reporters Friday in Geneva that "ethnically motivated hate crimes of this gravity should be deplored and properly punished – not publicly glorified by leaders and politicians... We are also in full agreement with the Co-Chairs of the OSCE Minsk Group who earlier this week expressed deep concern about “the damage the pardon and any attempts to glorify the crime have done to the [Nagorno-Karabakh] peace process and trust between the two sides.""<ref>((Cite web |date=7 September 2012 |title=Press briefing note on Azerbaijan |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-briefing-notes/2012/09/press-briefing-note-azerbaijan |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=OHCHR |language=en))</ref><ref>((Cite web |date=Sep 7, 2012 |title=Azerbaijan's president defends killer's pardon – Yahoo! News |url=https://news.yahoo.com/azerbaijans-president-defends-killers-pardon-133853490.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910150518/https://news.yahoo.com/azerbaijans-president-defends-killers-pardon-133853490.html |archive-date=2012-09-10 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=news.yahoo.com))</ref>
*'''((flag|European Union))''': EU Foreign Affairs Representative [[Catherine Ashton]] and European Commissioner for Enlargement and European Neighbourhood Policy [[Štefan Füle]] announced that they are "concerned by the news that the President of Azerbaijan has pardoned Azerbaijani army officer Ramil Safarov". They called on Azerbaijan and Armenia "to exercise restraint, on the ground as well as in public statements, in order to prevent an escalation of the situation in the interest of regional stability and on-going efforts towards reconciliation".<ref>((cite web |url=http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/EN/foraff/132251.pdf |title=Statement by the spokespersons of EU High Representative Catherine Ashton and Commissioner Štefan Füle on the release of Ramil Safarov |date=September 3, 2012 |publisher=[[European Union]] |access-date=September 3, 2012))</ref> The EU foreign relations spokeswoman, Maja Kocjanic, told press in Brussels: "We are particularly concerned with the impact the developments might have on the wider region."<ref>((Cite web |last=Rettman |first=A. |date=2012-09-03 |title=Axe murder complicates EU-Azerbaijan love affair |url=https://euobserver.com/world/117404 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=EUobserver |language=en))</ref>
::*'''((flagicon image|Europarl logo.svg)) [[European Parliament]]''' passed a resolution on the Ramil Safarov case, stating that it “deplores the decision by the President of Azerbaijan to pardon Ramil Safarov”, "the hero’s welcome accorded to Mr Safarov in Azerbaijan and the decision to promote him to the rank of major…” as well as expresses a “concern about the example this sets for future generations and about the promotion and recognition he has received from the Azerbaijani state”. As for the legitimacy of Aliyev’s pardon the European Parliament "Considers that, while the presidential pardon granted to Mr Safarov complies with the letter of the Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons, it runs contrary to the spirit of that international agreement, which was negotiated to allow the transfer of a person convicted on the territory of one state to serve the remainder of his or her sentence on the territory of another state”.<ref>((Cite web |last1=Schöpflin |first1=György |last2=Preda |first2=Cristian Dan |display-authors=1 |date=2021-09-12 |title=JOINT MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on Azerbaijan: the Ramil Safarov case ((!)) RC-B7-0428/2012 ((!)) (2012/2785(RSP)) |url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/RC-7-2012-0428_EN.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=European Parliament |language=en))</ref>

*[[File:Flag of the Collective Security Treaty Organization.svg|22px]] '''[[Collective Security Treaty Organisation]]''': Secretary-General [[Nikolay Bordyuzha]] stated that Azerbaijan's decision to pardon Safarov is against international law. He then continued, "this move was obviously done for the sake of short-term political goals and can not be justified by anything".<ref>((cite web |script-title=ru:Комментарий Генерального секретаря Организации Договора о коллективной безопасности Н.Бордюжи о ситуации вокруг решения властей Азербайджана помиловать убийцу армянского офицера |url=http://www.odkb-csto.org/news/detail.php?ELEMENT_ID=1101 |publisher=Организация Договора о коллективной безопасности/[[Collective Security Treaty Organisation]]
|date=September 3, 2012 |access-date=September 3, 2012 |language=ru))</ref>
*[[File:OSCE logo.svg|50px]] '''[[OSCE Minsk Group]]''': The OSCE Minsk Group (composed of negotiators from the US, Russia and France to encourage a peaceful, negotiated resolution to the conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia over [[Nagorno-Karabakh]]) stated that Azerbaijan's pardoning of a military officer who murdered an Armenian officer has harmed attempts to establish peace between the countries.<ref>((cite web |title=OSCE Minsk Group Co-Chairs meet with the Foreign Ministers of Armenia and Azerbaijan |url=http://www.osce.org/mg/93343 |publisher=[[Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe]] |date=September 3, 2012 |access-date=September 3, 2012))</ref>
*'''((flag|NATO))''': NATO likewise condemned Safarov's pardon. NATO Secretary General Fogh Rasmussen expressed his "deep concern" and stated that "The act [Safarov] committed in 2004 was a terrible crime that should not be glorified. The pardon damages trust and does not contribute to the peace process."<ref>((Cite web |last= |date=6 September 2012 |title=Speech by NATO Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen at the Yerevan State University in Yerevan, Armenia |url=http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natohq/opinions_89730.htm |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=NATO |language=en))</ref>
*'''[[Council of Europe]]''': "Honouring a convicted murderer and transforming him into a hero is unacceptable", Secretary General [[Thorbjørn Jagland]] has declared. Human rights commissioner [[Nils Muižnieks]] and [[Jean-Claude Mignon]], President of the Parliamentary Assembly, also expressed their outrage at the pardon.<ref>((Cite web |date=September 5, 2012 |title=Thorbjørn Jagland: Killer Safarov is not a hero |url=http://www.humanrightseurope.org/2012/09/thorbj%C3%B8rn-jagland-killer-safarov-is-not-a-hero/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150926145710/http://www.humanrightseurope.org/2012/09/thorbj%C3%B8rn-jagland-killer-safarov-is-not-a-hero/ |archive-date=2015-09-26 |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=HUMANERIGHTSEUROPE))</ref>

====Non-governmental organizations====
[[Amnesty International]] human rights organization issued a public statement on the occasion of Safarov's release, which stated, "By pardoning and then promoting Ramil Safarov, President Aliyev has signalled to Azerbaijanis that violence against Armenians is not only acceptable, but rewarded. The Azerbaijani government should rescind any privileges awarded to Safarov and publicly condemn ethnic violence."<ref name="Amnesty"/>

British expert on Caucasus [[Thomas de Waal]] called President Aliyev's move to pardon Safarov "deeply provocative." In De Waal's view, "This is now a full-blown state-to-state row, with as yet unknowable consequences."<ref>((cite news|title=Viewpoint: Setback for peace in the Caucasus|author=Thomas de Waal|author-link=Thomas de Waal|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-19477043|agency=BBC News|date=September 4, 2012|access-date= September 4, 2012))</ref>

;Azerbaijan
Mixed thoughts came from Azerbaijani organizations and figures in Azerbaijani society. [[Zardusht Alizadeh]], chair of the [[Open Society Institute]] in Azerbaijan, condemned the act of pardon, saying it would not contribute positively to the peaceful solution of the [[Nagorno-Karabakh conflict]]. According to Alizadeh, the act was not based on any political will, respect of law or interest in conflict resolution, but instead had only "cheap fame" to it.<ref>((cite news|title='Ağ ev Ramil Səfərovun əfvindən narahatdır' |url=http://www.azadliq.org/content/article/24694717.html|newspaper=RFE/RL|date=September 1, 2012|access-date=September 1, 2012))</ref> The noted journalist [[Khadija Ismayilova]], [[Radio Liberty]]'s lead correspondent in Azerbaijan, commented that what Safarov had done was "awful" and the reaction of seeing him as a hero "happens when society is not allowed to do anything. They are angry. People of Azerbaijan lost the war, lost the territory to occupants, became refugees, lost their siblings including civilians and they were stopped and banned from restoring justice on the battle field." on her [[Facebook]] account.<ref>((Cite web |title=XƏDİCƏ İSMAYILIN RAMİL SƏFƏROV HAQDA FİKİRLƏRİ QALMAQAL YARATDI... |url=https://musavat.com/news/%C3%B6lk%C9%99/X%C6%8FD%C4%B0C%C6%8F-%C4%B0SMAYILIN-RAM%C4%B0L-S%C6%8FF%C6%8FROV-HAQDA-F%C4%B0K%C4%B0RL%C6%8FR%C4%B0-QALMAQAL-YARATDI_131247.html?d=1 |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=musavat.com))</ref><ref>((Cite web |last=Buta.Media |title="Biabırçı cinayət törətmiş Ramil Səfərov" - Xədicə İsmayıl etiraza səbəb oldu |url=https://buta.media/az/azerbaijan/2491/biabirci-cinayet-tretmis-ramil-seferov-xedice-ismayil-etiraza-sebeb-oldu/ |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=buta.media))</ref>

Former deputy of the Azerbaijan National Assembly and writer [[Akram Aylisli]] refused to comment on the "campaign," but did note that he had his "own ideas of and approach to heroism."<ref>((Cite news |date=August 31, 2012 |title=Əkrəm Əylisli: "Mənim qəhrəmanlıqla bağlı öz təsəvvürlərim var" |trans-title=Akram Aylisli: I have my own ideas. |url=https://www.azadliq.org/a/24694335.html |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=Azadlıq Radiosu |language=az))</ref> Azerbaijani media have criticized the United States' concern for Safarov's pardon and added that it should have reacted the same way when [[Varoujan Garabedian]], a member of [[ASALA]] who was imprisoned in France, was expelled to Armenia after his pardon by France in 2001.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://anspress.com/index.php?a=2&lng=az&nid=166654 |title=Ramil Səfərova görə Bakını qınayan ABŞ bir neçə erməni terrorçusunu əfv edib – ANSpress. |access-date=2012-09-03 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130117062008/http://anspress.com/index.php?a=2&lng=az&nid=166654 |archive-date=2013-01-17 |url-status=dead ))</ref> Meanwhile, the organization Azerbaijani Americans for Democracy sent an open letter to Secretary of State [[Hillary Clinton]], urging the United States to devote more of its attention to the human rights abuses of President Aliyev, instead of Safarov's pardon.<ref>((Cite web |url=http://azerireport.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3695&Itemid=53 |title=AZAD Sent Open Letter to Secretary Hillary Clinton on Ramil Safarov Controversy |access-date=2012-09-03 |archive-date=2012-09-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915045340/http://azerireport.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=3695&Itemid=53 |url-status=live ))</ref>

The leading Azerbaijani Russian-language news website ''[[Day.az]]'' called on its readers to edit the [[:ru:Сафаров, Рамиль Сахиб оглы|Russian Wikipedia article on Safarov]] to prevent it from the possible "revenge of Armenian nationalists."<ref>((cite news|script-title=ru:Данные в "Википедии" о Рамиле Сафарове могут стать объектом мести армянских националистов|trans-title=Data on Wikipedia could be a target of revenge of the Armenian nationalists |url=http://news.day.az/politics/352573.html|agency=Day.az|date=September 2, 2012|access-date=September 3, 2012 |language=ru))</ref>

;Hungary
[[Péter Erdő]], the [[Archdiocese of Esztergom-Budapest|Archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest]] and the Hungarian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, in a letter to Catholicos of All Armenians [[Karekin II]], issued a statement expressing "full solidarity with the Armenian Christians and with the Armenian people that has so much suffered in the past."<ref>((cite web|url=http://uj.katolikus.hu/cikk.php?h=1845
|title=Erdő Péter bíboros levele Őszentsége II. Karekin örmény katolikosz részére|date=September 1, 2012|publisher=Magyar Katolikus Püspöki Konferencia|access-date=September 2, 2012))</ref>

In October 2012 four Hungarian intellectuals—historian and political analyst [[Zoltán Bíró]], rector of the John Wesley Theological College Gábor Iványi, journalist/publicist Gábor Deák and writer Rudolf Ungváry—arrived in Armenia to apologize for the extradition of Ramil Safarov. During the press conference in [[Yerevan]] they stated: “We organized the journey to inform of most of Hungarian people’s disagreement, and our discontent with the authorities’ decision to transfer a sleeping officer’s assassin back to his homeland." Mr. Iványi said, “We have come to express our regret and shame. Hungary didn’t even officially recognize the [[Armenian genocide]] as the country was in need of Turkish support then. As for the prime minister having allowed for the extradition, he would have resigned his post”.<ref>((Cite web |title=Hungarian intellectuals in Yerevan to apologize for Safarov extradition |url=https://www.panarmenian.net/eng/news/126651/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=PanARMENIAN.Net))</ref>

Hungarian scientist and expert in Armenian studies Benedek Zsigmond joined in the protest organized by many NGOs in Hungary against the decision of Safarov's extradition and made a public statement of apology for the Hungarian government's action. On his Facebook page he wrote "Today I feel ashamed that I am Hungarian. I apologize to all Armenians... Today is the black day in the recent history of Hungary."<ref>((Cite news |date=2012-09-03 |title=Safarov's extradition: Crime without punishment |work=Georgiatimes |url=http://www.georgiatimes.info/en/analysis/80049.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924021904/http://www.georgiatimes.info/en/analysis/80049.html |archive-date=2015-09-24))</ref> He also personally apologized during his visit to Armenia calling the extradition an "unacceptable, amoral act".<ref>((Cite web |url=http://www.tert.am/en/news/2012/09/01/hungaraci/ |title=Tert.am. ''Hungarian Armenologist condemns decision to extradite Safarov (video)'' |access-date=2013-04-16 |archive-date=2012-09-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120903011745/http://www.tert.am/en/news/2012/09/01/hungaraci/ |url-status=dead ))</ref><ref>((Cite web |last=Mouradian |first=Dr Khatchig |date=2012-09-02 |title='Sorry, Armenia!': Thousands of Hungarians Apologize, Condemn Government for Safarov Extradition |url=https://armenianweekly.com/2012/09/02/sorry-armenia/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |website=The Armenian Weekly |language=en-US))</ref>

On September 4, 2012, a demonstration took place in front of the [[Hungarian Parliament Building]] in [[Kossuth tér|Kossuth Square]]. It was reported that about two thousand Hungarians protested against their government's actions.<ref>((cite news|title=Hungarians protest against release of Azeri officer|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-hungary-azerbaijan-protest-idUSBRE8830ZR20120904|work=Reuters|date=September 4, 2012|access-date = September 5, 2012))</ref><ref>((Cite web |date=September 5, 2012 |title=Thousands Of Hungarians Protest Safarov Release |url=https://www.rferl.org/a/24698540.html |website=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty))</ref>

In September, the [[Kispest]] district of Budapest had a new square named after [[Kemal Atatürk]] and a statue of him was revealed among protests from local Armenians and Greeks who considered it a provocation. In the months preceding the ceremony the local government was pondering the matter, being caught between the resentment of minority groups and the will to preserve good relations with its [[sister city]] [[Pendik]], whose representatives have already been invited to the ceremony.<ref>((cite web|url=http://hvg.hu/itthon/20120929_Gorogok_es_ormenyek_tiltakoztak_az_Atatur |title="Keresztényként és demokrataként is szégyellje magát!" – görögök és örmények tiltakoztak az Atatürk park ellen |date=September 29, 2012|publisher=HVG |access-date=September 29, 2012|language=hu))</ref> Only two days after its unveiling, the statue was vandalized by red paint being poured over it.<ref>((cite web|url=http://index.hu/belfold/2012/10/05/maris_leontottek_a_kemal_ataturk-szobrot/ |title=Máris leöntötték a Kemal Atatürk-szobrot |date=October 5, 2012|publisher=index.hu |access-date=October 5, 2012|language=hu))</ref> The statue has been restored since.

;Armenian diaspora
In many cities around the world where [[Armenian diaspora]] is present, demonstrations took place against Hungarian and Azerbaijani government actions, including [[New York City]],<ref>((cite news|title=Hundreds Protest Safarov Release in New York|url=http://asbarez.com/105352/hundreds-protest-safarov-release-in-new-york/|access-date=10 June 2013|newspaper=[[Asbarez]]|date=11 September 2012))</ref> [[Ottawa]],<ref>((Cite web |title=Hundreds Protest Safarov Release Ottawa – Asbarez.com |url=https://asbarez.com/hundreds-protest-safarov-release-ottawa/ |access-date=2022-12-06 |language=en-US))</ref> [[Tbilisi]],<ref>((cite news|script-title=hy:Վրացահայերը Թբիլիսիում Հունգարիայի դեսպանատան առջև էին` բողոքում էին Ադրբեջանում Ռամիլ Սաֆարովի ազատ արձակման կապակցությամբ|trans-title=Georgian Armenians were in front of the Hungarian embassy in Tbilisi|url=http://www.haynews.am/hy/1346507315|date=September 1, 2012 |access-date=September 3, 2012 |language=hy))</ref> [[Rostov-on-Don]],<ref>((cite news|script-title=ru:Армяне Ростова-на-Дону провели акцию у представительства Венгрии|trans-title=Roston-on-Don Armenians held a protest in front of the Hungarian representation |url=http://www.bloknot-rostov.ru/news/more/armyanerostovanadonuproveliakcijuupredstavitelstvavengrii.html |newspaper=«Блокнот»|date=September 2, 2012|access-date=September 3, 2012 |language=ru))</ref> and [[Nicosia]].<ref>((cite news |url=http://www.cybc.com.cy/en/index.php/cyprus-news/item/1322-1 |title=Armenian's in Cyprus protest Safarov extradition |work=[[Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation]] |date=September 5, 2012 |access-date=September 8, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923212105/http://www.cybc.com.cy/en/index.php/cyprus-news/item/1322-1 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |url-status=dead ))</ref>

A year after Safarov had been extradited, the [[Armenians in Hungary|Armenian community in Hungary]] claimed that they did not feel safe and that their relationship with the Hungarian government was getting worse every day, as the authorities were making their lives there "more difficult".<ref>((cite news|title=Armenian community of Hungary reminds authorities of Safarov's deal|url=http://armenpress.am/eng/news/731326/armenian-community-of-hungary-reminds-authorities-about-safarov%E2%80%99s-deal.html|date=2 September 2012|newspaper=[[Armenpress]]|access-date=17 September 2012))</ref>

==See also==
*[[Anti-Armenian sentiment in Azerbaijan]]
* [[Armenia–Azerbaijan relations]]
((clear))

==References==
((Reflist))

==External links==
* English transcripts of the investigation:
** [http://budapest.sumgait.info/safarov-interrogation.htm Interrogation of Safarov] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116115639/http://budapest.sumgait.info/safarov-interrogation.htm |date=2020-11-16 ))
** [http://budapest.sumgait.info/kuti-balazs-account.htm Interrogation of Margaryan's roommate] ((Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211155336/http://budapest.sumgait.info/kuti-balazs-account.htm |date=2021-02-11 ))

((Portal bar|Azerbaijan|Hungary))
((Authority control))

((DEFAULTSORT:Safarov, Ramil))
[[Category:1977 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:21st-century criminals]]
[[Category:Anti-Armenian sentiment in Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Azerbaijani people convicted of murder]]
[[Category:Azerbaijani prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]]
[[Category:People convicted of murder by Hungary]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Hungary]]
[[Category:Armenia–Azerbaijan relations]]
[[Category:Armenia–Hungary relations]]
[[Category:People extradited from Hungary]]
[[Category:People extradited to Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Recipients of Azerbaijani presidential pardons]]
[[Category:Translators to Azerbaijani]]
[[Category:Axe murder]]
[[Category:First Nagorno-Karabakh War]]
[[Category:Azerbaijani people imprisoned abroad]]
[[Category:2004 murders in Hungary]]
[[Category:20th-century translators]]
[[Category:European Court of Human Rights cases involving Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:European Court of Human Rights cases involving Hungary]]

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Template:Replace (view source) (protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Template:Tooltip (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Tooltip/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Trim (view source) (protected)
Template:Unbulleted list (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Use dmy dates (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Webarchive (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Wikidata image (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Template:Yesno-no (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno-yes (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:YouTube (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Age (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Authority control (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Authority control/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Check for clobbered parameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Date (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (protected)
Module:Detect singular (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:EditAtWikidata (view source) (protected)
Module:IPA (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:IPA/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:If empty (view source) (protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:InfoboxImage (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/ISO 639 synonyms (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Lang/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana languages (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana regions (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana suppressed scripts (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Language/data/iana variants (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:List (view source) (protected)
Module:Multiple image (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:ParameterCount (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/a (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/h (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal bar (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal bar/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:Separated entries (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:TableTools (view source) (protected)
Module:Template wrapper (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unicode data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wd (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wd/i18n (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Webarchive (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Webarchive/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

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