You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 44.201.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪ST47‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a web host's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and they should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 23:54, 31 July 2024.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪AntiCompositeNumber‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: Visit the FAQ if you are affected .
- Start of block: 13:55, 18 August 2022
- Expiry of block: 13:55, 18 April 2025
Your current IP address is 44.201.244.194. The blocked range is 44.201.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((More citations needed|date=December 2009))
In passing through matter, [[charged particle]]s [[ionization|ionize]] and thus lose [[energy]] in many steps, until their energy is (almost) zero. The distance to this point is called the '''range''' of the particle. The range depends on the type of particle, on its initial energy and on the material through which it passes.

For example, if the ionising particle passing through the material is a positive [[ion]] like an [[alpha particle]] or [[proton]], it will collide with atomic electrons in the material via [[Coulomb's Law|Coulombic interaction]]. Since the mass of the [[proton]] or [[alpha particle]] is much greater than that of the [[electron]], there will be no significant deviation from the radiation's incident path and very little [[kinetic energy]] will be lost in each collision. As such, it will take many successive collisions for such heavy ionising radiation to come to a halt within the stopping medium or material. Maximum energy loss will take place in a head-on collision with an [[electron]].

Since large angle scattering is rare for positive ions, a range may be well defined for that [[radiation]], depending on its [[energy]] and [[charge (physics)|charge]], as well as the [[ionisation energy]] of the stopping medium. Since the nature of such interactions is statistical, the number of collisions required to bring a radiation particle to rest within the medium will vary slightly with each particle (i.e., some may travel further and undergo fewer collisions than others). Hence, there will be a small variation in the range, known as '''straggling'''.

The energy loss per unit distance (and hence, the density of ionization), or [[Stopping power (particle radiation)|stopping power]] also depends on the type and energy of the particle and on the material. Usually, the energy loss per unit distance increases while the particle slows down. The curve describing this fact is called the [[William Henry Bragg|Bragg]] curve. Shortly before the end, the energy loss passes through a maximum, the [[Bragg Peak]], and then drops to zero (see the figures in [[Bragg Peak]] and in [[Stopping power (particle radiation)|stopping power]]). This fact is of great practical importance for [[radiation therapy]].

The range of [[alpha particles]] in ambient air amounts to only several centimeters; this type of radiation can therefore be stopped by a sheet of paper. Although [[beta radiation|beta particles]] scatter much more than alpha particles, a range can still be defined; it frequently amounts to several hundred centimeters of air.

The mean range can be calculated by integrating the inverse stopping power over energy.

==Scaling==
The range of a heavy charged particle is approximately proportional to the mass of the particle and the inverse of the density of the medium, and is a function of the initial velocity of the particle.

==See also==
* [[Stopping power (particle radiation)]]
* [[Attenuation length]]
* [[Radiation length]]

==Further reading==
*((cite journal|last=Nakamura|first=K|title=Review of Particle Physics|journal=Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics|date=1 July 2010|volume=37|issue=7A|pages=1–708|doi=10.1088/0954-3899/37/7A/075021|pmid=10020536|bibcode = 2010JPhG...37g5021N |doi-access=free|hdl=10481/34593|hdl-access=free))
*((cite book|last=Williams|first=William S. C.|title=Nuclear and particle physics|year=1992|publisher=Clarendon Press|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-852046-7|edition=Reprinted (with corr.)|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/nuclearparticlep0000will))
*((cite book|last=Leo|first=William R.|title=Techniques for nuclear and particle physics experiments : a how-to approach|year=1994|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=978-3-540-57280-0|edition=2nd rev.))

((DEFAULTSORT:Range (Particle Radiative Capability)))
[[Category:Particle physics]]
[[Category:Radiation]]


((Particle-stub))

[[es:Alcance de la radiación]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Range (particle radiation) (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Asbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Asbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cite book (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite journal (view source) (protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Particle-stub (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Asbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Buffer (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Range (particle radiation).

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Range_(particle_radiation)"