You do not have permission to edit this page, for the following reasons:

This IP address has been blocked from editing Wikipedia.
This does not affect your ability to read Wikipedia pages.
Most people who see this message have done nothing wrong. Some kinds of blocks restrict editing from specific service providers or telecom companies in response to recent abuse or vandalism, and can sometimes affect other users who are unrelated to that abuse. Review the information below for assistance if you do not believe that you have done anything wrong.

The IP address or range 34.205.0.0/16 has been blocked (disabled) by ‪ST47‬ for the following reason(s):

The IP address that you are currently using has been blocked because it is believed to be a web host provider. To prevent abuse, web hosts may be blocked from editing Wikipedia.
You will not be able to edit Wikipedia using a web host provider because it hides your IP address, much like a proxy or VPN.
We recommend that you attempt to use another connection to edit. For example, if you use a proxy or VPN to connect to the internet, turn it off when editing Wikipedia. If you edit using a mobile connection, try using a Wi-Fi connection, and vice versa. If you are using a corporate internet connection, switch to a different Wi-Fi network. If you have a Wikipedia account, please log in.
If you do not have any other way to edit Wikipedia, you will need to request an IP block exemption.

How to appeal if you are confident that your connection does not use a web host's IP address:
If you are confident that you are not using a web host, you may appeal this block by adding the following text on your talk page: ((unblock|reason=Caught by a web host block but this host or IP is not a web host. My IP address is _______. Place any further information here. ~~~~)). You must fill in the blank with your IP address for this block to be investigated. Your IP address can be determined here. Alternatively, if you wish to keep your IP address private you can use the unblock ticket request system. There are several reasons you might be editing using the IP address of a web host (such as if you are using VPN software or a business network); please use this method of appeal only if you think your IP address is in fact not a web host.

Administrators: The IP block exemption user right should only be applied to allow users to edit using web host in exceptional circumstances, and they should usually be directed to the functionaries team via email. If you intend to give the IPBE user right, a CheckUser needs to take a look at the account. This can be requested most easily at SPI Quick Checkuser Requests. Unblocking an IP or IP range with this template is highly discouraged without at least contacting the blocking administrator.

This block will expire on 05:44, 30 September 2026.

Even when blocked, you will usually still be able to edit your user talk page, as well as email administrators and other editors.

For information on how to proceed, please read the FAQ for blocked users and the guideline on block appeals. The guide to appealing blocks may also be helpful.

Other useful links: Blocking policy · Help:I have been blocked
Your IP address is in a range that has been blocked on all Wikimedia Foundation wikis. The block was made by ‪Jon Kolbert‬. The reason given is Open proxy/Webhost: See the help page if you are affected .
- Start of block: 05:38, 21 February 2024
- Expiry of block: 05:38, 21 February 2029
Your current IP address is 34.205.92.177. The blocked range is 34.205.0.0/16. Please include all above details in any queries you make. If you believe you were blocked by mistake, you can find additional information and instructions in the No open proxies global policy. Otherwise, to discuss the block please post a request for review on Meta-Wiki. You could also send an email to the stewards VRT queue at stewards@wikimedia.org including all above details.

You can view and copy the source of this page:

((short description|Overview of the use of renewable energy in Denmark))
((multiple issues|
((update|date=April 2020))
((refimprove|date=April 2020))
((POV|date=September 2020))
))
((infobox

|above style=background:#008080;color:#ffffff;
|above=Renewable energy in Denmark
|headerstyle=background:#008080;color:#ffffff;
|header1=Renewable energy (RE)
|label2=RE as % of gross [[energy consumption]]
|data2=32.9%((efn|Number found using Calculator.net.<ref>((cite web |title=Steps: 257 ÷ 781 = 0.32906530089629 = 32.906530089629% |archive-date=19 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419135900/https://www.calculator.net/percent-calculator.html?c22par1=257&c22par2=781&ctype=22&x=0&y=0 |url-status=dead |url=https://www.calculator.net/percent-calculator.html?c22par1=257&c22par2=781&ctype=22&x=0&y=0))</ref>)) (2018)<ref name="energy statistics 2018" />((rp|16))
|header10=Renewable electricity 
|label11=Domestic electricity supply generated by RE
|data11=71.9% (2021)<ref>((cite web |title=Danish Energy Agency |url=https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energy_statistics_2021.pdf |website=Energy Statistics 2021))</ref>
|label12=RE generated / Net electricity generation
|data12=21,043 / 29,453 GWh (2017)<ref name="2018 report" />
|label13=Record % RE covered electricity consumption 
|data13=138.7% (26/7/15 wind only)((cn|date=April 2020))
  
|header20=Installed capacity

|label21=Wind turbines
|data21= 6.1 GW<ref name="energy statistics 2018" />((rp|9))
|label22=Bio energy (2014)
|data22=1 GW (excluding waste; 2014)((cn|date=April 2020))
|label23=Solar power
|data23=1 GW (2018)<ref name="energy statistics 2018" />((rp|10))
|label24=Hydro power
|data24=<0.01 GW (2018)<ref name="energy statistics 2018" />((rp|10))
 
))

Denmark is a leading country in renewable energy production and usage. Renewable energy sources collectively produced 81% of Denmark's electricity generation in 2022,<ref name=":10" /> and are expected to provide 100% of national electric power production from 2030.<ref>((cite web|url=https://denmark.dk/innovation-and-design/green-solutions|title=Clean energy|page=|author=|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark|date=2023|access-date=2023-07-19))</ref> Including energy use in the heating/cooling and transport sectors, Denmark is expected to reach [[100% renewable energy]] in 2050, up from the 34% recorded in 2021.<ref>((cite web|url=https://il.boell.org/en/2022/11/15/green-transition-nordic-countries-lessons-sustainable-development|title=The Green Transition in the Nordic Countries: Lessons in Sustainable Development|page=|author=Karin Jensen|publisher=Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung|date=2022-11-15|access-date=2023-07-19))</ref><ref>((cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nrg_ind_ren/default/table?lang=en|title=Share of energy from renewable sources|page=|author=|publisher=Eurostat|date=2023-04-04|access-date=2023-07-19))</ref>

In the heating sector the country has long used and continues to develop [[district heating]] (DH) networks. Hot water or steam is produced centrally and then distributed through a network of insulated pipes to high population areas. Houses within a district heating area have heat exchangers installed instead of boilers for their heating and hot water requirements. The heat exchanger keeps the two water systems separate and means that heat can be adjusted as with a familiar domestic boiler. One simple but important innovation in the district heating network was the development of internally insulated pipes. The two pipes taking and receiving the return of water are placed inside a much larger pipe and insulating material is set so as to fill the figure eight shaped void between the two smaller and the large pipe. In 2013 district heating supplied over 60% of all households in Denmark with heating and hot water.<ref name=":6">((Cite web|url=https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Globalcooperation/the_danish_energy_model.pdf|title=The Danish Energy Model: Innovative, Efficient and Sustainable |publisher=Danish Energy Agency|page=13 |access-date=19 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200210095624/https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Globalcooperation/the_danish_energy_model.pdf |archive-date=10 February 2020 |url-status=live))</ref> The development of district heating technology has led Denmark to become a world leader in industrial pump and thermostat designs and its products are used in many industries worldwide.

[[Cogeneration]] is also widely used. This is a process that extracts the waste heat produced when generating electricity. Power stations designed to do this are known as [[Combined Heat and Power Generation|Combined Heat and Power]] (CHP) stations. CHP stations in Denmark are often sized to provide the heat required for the local district heating system. Thus CHP stations produce both electricity for the grid and heat for district heating systems. Heat can be stored in large industrial hot water tanks for several days allowing electricity and heat supply to be provided time independently from each other. By 2013 the use of CHP stations had reduced the overall energy consumption in Denmark by 11%.<ref name=":6" />

Danish electricity generation has become increasingly decentralised with a move away from production in the large central power stations to many smaller locally based and mostly CHP stations. Many of these smaller stations use locally sourced bio energy sources including straw and wood pellets.

== Energy consumption and objectives ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Gross energy consumption in Denmark (PJ), 1980–2018<ref>Source except where noted: ((cite report |url=https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/energistyrelsen/Nyheder/2015/hovedtal_fra_energistyrelsens_forelobige_energistatistik_for_2015.pdf |title=Key Figures from DEA's Preliminary Energy Statistics 2015 |publisher=[[Danish Energy Agency]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418222149/https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/energistyrelsen/Nyheder/2015/hovedtal_fra_energistyrelsens_forelobige_energistatistik_for_2015.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=18 April 2020))</ref>
|Unit: [[petajoules]] (PJ)
!'''1980'''
!'''1990'''
!'''2000'''
!'''2005'''
!'''2010'''
!'''2012'''
!'''2013'''
!'''2014'''
!'''2015'''<ref name="energy statistics 2017" />
!'''2016'''<ref>((cite report |url=https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energy_in_denmark_2016.pdf |title=Energy in Denmark 2016 |publisher=[[Danish Energy Agency]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131232009/https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energy_in_denmark_2016.pdf |archive-date=31 January 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=18 April 2020))</ref>((rp|16))
!'''2017'''<ref name="energy statistics 2017">((cite report |url=https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energystatistics2017.pdf |title=Energy in Denmark 2017 |publisher=[[Danish Energy Agency]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418223900/https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energystatistics2017.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=18 April 2020))</ref>((rp|20))
!'''2018'''<ref name="energy statistics 2018">((cite report |url=https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energyindenmark2018.pdf |title=Energy in Denmark 2018 |publisher=[[Danish Energy Agency]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418220633/https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/Statistik/energyindenmark2018.pdf |archive-date=18 April 2020 |url-status=live |access-date=18 April 2020))</ref>((rp|16))
!'''2019'''<ref name=":1" />
!<sub><big>'''2020'''</big></sub><ref name=":1">((Cite web |title=Annual and Monthly Statistics |url=https://ens.dk/en/our-services/statistics-data-key-figures-and-energy-maps/annual-and-monthly-statistics |website=Danish Energy Agency.))</ref>
!<sub><big>'''2021'''*</big></sub><ref name=":1" />
!<sub><big>'''2022'''*</big></sub><ref name=":1" />
|-
|'''Total'''
| align="right" |'''814'''
| align="right" |'''819'''
| align="right" |'''839'''
| align="right" |'''850'''
| align="right" |'''814'''
| align="right" |'''782'''
| align="right" |'''763'''
| align="right" |'''755'''
| align="right" |'''760'''
| align="right" |'''770'''
| align="right" |'''772'''
| align="right" |'''781'''
|'''749'''
|'''706'''
|'''729'''
|'''709'''
|-
|Oil
| align="right" |546
| align="right" |355
| align="right" |376
| align="right" |352
| align="right" |312
| align="right" |289
| align="right" |278
| align="right" |276
| align="right" |284
| align="right" |280
| align="right" |286
| align="right" |288
|281
|238
|245
|256
|-
|Natural gas
| align="right" |0
| align="right" |82
| align="right" |192
| align="right" |192
| align="right" |176
| align="right" |149
| align="right" |138
| align="right" |127
| align="right" |133
| align="right" |131
| align="right" |125
| align="right" |121
|113
|96
|91
|65
|-
|Coal((efn|name=coke|Including [[Coke (fuel)|coke]] for 1980 and 2015–2018.))
| align="right" |241
| align="right" |327
| align="right" |175
| align="right" |166
| align="right" |147
| align="right" |146
| align="right" |143
| align="right" |137
| align="right" |108
| align="right" |116
| align="right" |92
| align="right" |98
|70
|69
|63
|53
|-
|Waste, non-renewable
| align="right" |5
| align="right" |8
| align="right" |14
| align="right" |17
| align="right" |16
| align="right" |17
| align="right" |17
| align="right" |18
| align="right" |18
| align="right" |18
| align="right" |18
| align="right" |18
|19
|20
|19
|18
|-
|'''Renewable energy'''
| align="right" |'''22'''
| align="right" |'''48'''
| align="right" |'''81'''
| align="right" |'''123'''
| align="right" |'''163'''
| align="right" |'''180'''
| align="right" |'''186'''
| align="right" |'''196'''
| align="right" |'''219'''
| align="right" |'''225'''
| align="right" |'''252'''
| align="right" |'''257'''
|'''266'''
|'''283'''
|'''311'''
|'''317'''
|}

<small>*Provisional data for 2021, 2022, some data for earlier years may also be provisional.</small>

Renewable-energy consumption increased more than elevenfold from ((convert|22|PJ|TWh)) in 1980 to ((convert|257|PJ|TWh|abbr=on)) in 2018.<ref name="energy statistics 2018" /> Whilst renewable-energy consumption was rising between 1990 and 2013, gross energy consumption fell by 7%.<ref name=":7">((Cite web|url=http://www.ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/energistyrelsen/Publikationer/dk_model_revideret.pdf|title=The Danish Energy Model, Innovative, Efficient and Sustainable. Danish Energy Agency.|page=4))</ref> Most of the fall can be attributed to a great increase in combined power and heat generation (CHP) and the growth in wind power. This has increased [[energy conversion efficiency]], reducing conversion losses by 28% or 7% relative to gross energy consumption.<ref name=":7" /> Put simply smaller and decentralised CHP plants use fuels far more efficiently than older centralised power plants, and wind power has no fossil fuel to waste. Thus the growth of these two sources (10% during the period)<ref name=":7" /> has displaced fossil fuels by more than a one-to-one ratio. The use of Biofuels in local CHP plants has further displaced fossil fuel consumption. The figures in the table above show that whilst the reduction in fossil fuel use has been most pronounced in coal use, there has also been a significant reduction in oil and natural gas usage since 2000.  Oil has fared better than the other fuels because it still dominates usage in the transport sector and alternative fuels and transport solutions are not yet widely deployed. On 22 March 2012, the then–[[Thorning-Schmidt I Cabinet|government of Denmark]] announced the Energy Agreement, which had the following goals:<ref>((cite web |url=https://www.power-technology.com/features/featurefossil-fuel-free-2050-denmark-wind-power/ |title=Fossil fuel free by 2050: Danish Energy Minister Martin Lidegaard explains how |work=Power Technology |date=14 November 2012 |format=analysis |access-date=19 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180126075043/https://www.power-technology.com/features/featurefossil-fuel-free-2050-denmark-wind-power/ |archive-date=26 January 2018 |url-status=live))</ref>
* Eliminating coal from power production by 2030;
* having completely fossil-fuel-free electricity and heating production by 2035;
* Providing 100% of Denmark's energy requirements from renewable sources by 2050.
In 2018, an energy agreement was signed by the [[Lars Løkke Rasmussen III Cabinet|then–government of Denmark]] with support from [[List of members of the Folketing, 2015–19|all the parties]] in the [[Folketing|Danish parliament]] at the time. This agreement had the goal of providing 50% of Denmark's energy from renewable energy in 2030, fully covering the Danish people's electricity consumption.<ref>For a list of initiatives included in the agreement, see ((cite news |url=https://stateofgreen.com/en/partners/state-of-green/news/new-danish-energy-agreement-a-green-focus-towards-2030/ |title=New Danish energy agreement secured: 50 per cent of Denmark's energy needs to be met by renewable energy in 2030 |publisher=State of Green |access-date=19 April 2020 |date=2 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212211335/https://stateofgreen.com/en/partners/state-of-green/news/new-danish-energy-agreement-a-green-focus-towards-2030/ |archive-date=12 February 2019 |url-status=live))</ref>

In 2020, the (((as of|2020|05|lc=on))) [[Frederiksen I Cabinet|current government of Denmark]] revealed a plan to build two energy islands, one on [[Bornholm]] and one on "an artificial island in the North Sea". When built both would have a capacity of at least 2 [[gigawatts]]; the North Sea island could eventually have a capacity of 10 gigawatt.<ref>((cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climate-change-denmark/denmark-plans-to-create-energy-islands-in-baltic-and-north-sea-idUSKBN22W1NC |title=Denmark plans to create energy islands in Baltic and North Sea |publisher=[[Reuters]] |access-date=21 May 2020 |date=20 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200521143607/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-climate-change-denmark/denmark-plans-to-create-energy-islands-in-baltic-and-north-sea-idUSKBN22W1NC |archive-date=21 May 2020 |url-status=live))</ref>

== Energy consumption by sector ==
((Pie chart|caption=Projected total gross final energy consumption by sector in 2020.|value1=46.6|label1=Heating and cooling|value2=19.8|label2=Electricity|value3=33.6|label3=Transport))All EU countries as well as Iceland and Norway submitted [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans National Renewable Energy Action Plans] (NREAPs)<ref name=":43" /> to outline the steps taken,  and projected progress by each country between 2010 and 2020 to meet the Renewable Energy Directive. Each plan contains a detailed breakdown of each country's current renewable energy usage and plans for future developments. According to projections by the Danish submission in 2020 the gross final energy consumption in Denmark by sector breaks down as follows:
{| class="wikitable"
!Projected energy use by sector in 2020<ref name=":43">((Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans|title=National Renewable Energy Action Plans, Directive 2009/28/EC))</ref>
!Mtoe
!TWh
!RE 2020 target 
|-
|Heating and cooling
| align="right" |7.7
| align="right" |90
| align="right" |39.8%
|-
|Electricity
| align="right" |3.2
| align="right" |37
| align="right" |51.9%
|-
|Transport
| align="right" |5.5
| align="right" |64
| align="right" |10.1%
|-
|Gross final energy consumption*
| align="right" |16.4
| align="right" |191
| align="right" |30.0%
|}

Almost half of energy consumption (46.6%) is used in the heating and cooling sector. The heating and cooling sector (also known as the thermal sector) includes domestic heating and air conditioning, industrial processes such as furnaces and any use of heat generally. The next largest share is the transport sector at 33.6%, followed by the electricity sector at 19.8%. Total annual energy consumption is projected to be ((convert|16.4|Mtoe|TWh)) by 2020. In order to meet Denmark's overall target for 30% use of renewable energy in Gross final energy consumption, projected to ((convert|4.9|Mtoe|TWh|abbr=on)), by 2020 (it was 17% in 2005) targets have been set for each sector. Renewable energy use is expected to be 39.8% in the heating and cooling sector, 51.9% in the electricity sector and 10.1% in the transport sector.

The energy measures above are gross final energy consumption. Another broader measure, [[primary energy]] consumption also includes energy used in the extraction of fuels (the energy sector) and energy lost in transformation (the transformation sector, i.e. converting heat to electricity in power plants or fuel energy to heat in heating plants) as well as gross final energy consumption for end users. In 2013 Denmark's total final energy consumption was ((convert|607|PJ|TWh)) whilst its primary energy consumption was ((convert|763|PJ|TWh)).<ref>((Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/energy/sites/ener/files/documents/DK_Annual%20Report%202015_en.pdf|title=Denmark's annual reporting under Article 24(1) of the Energy Efficiency Directive))</ref> Most of the approximately 25% difference is accounted for in losses in the transformation sector. These losses are likely to be most prevalent in [[Thermal power station|thermal electricity]] sectors, thus the use of renewable electricity will reduce ((CO2)) emissions and fuels lost in the energy and transformation sectors as well as those in final consumption. Denmark is one of the world's most fuel efficient countries and the difference between the two measures is smaller than many other countries.

== Electricity sector  ==

=== Production by source ===
((Pie chart
 | caption=Percentage of electricity generation in Denmark by source in 2017<ref name="2018 report" />
 | label1 = [[Wind power|Wind]]
 | value1 = 50.2 | color1 = #00b050
 | label2 = [[Wood fuel|Wood]]
 | value2 = 12.2 | color2 = #602e04
 | label3 = [[Solar power|Solar]]
 | value3 = 2.7 | color3 = #ffc000
 | label4 = [[Waste]]
 | value4 = 2.5 | color4 = #7030a0
 | label5 = [[Straw]]
 | value5 = 1.9 | color5 = #f15a17
 | label6 = [[Biogas]]
 | value6 = 1.9 | color6 = #c00000
 | label7 = [[Hydropower|Hydro]]
 | value7 = 0.1 | color7 = #00b0f0
 | label8 = [[Non-renewable resource|Non Renewable]]
 | value8 = 28.6 | color8 = #000000
 ))

In 2017 wind was the major source of Denmark's net electricity generation, with 50.2 percent of the total yearly production. [[Biofuel]]s (wood, straw and [[biogas]]) and the biodegradable part of waste provided the second-largest RE source at 18.5% of national generation. [[Solar power]] has grown significantly in recent years from a low base and provides a further 2.7% share. [[Hydroelectricity]] provided just 0.1% of net national generation, but the country maintains strong links to its neighboring countries large hydroelectric reserves. In 2017 fossil fuels and other non renewable sources accounted for just 28.6% of Denmark's total net generation and continues to decline against a total of 71.4% generated from renewable sources.<ref name="2018 report" />

=== Growth from renewables ===

{| style="text-align: right" class="wikitable"
|+Electricity generation in Denmark (GWh) from renewable energy sources, 2007–2017<ref name=":5">((Cite web|url=http://www.energinet.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Engelske%20dokumenter/Klimaogmiljo/Environmental%20report%20for%20Danish%20electricity%20and%20CHP%20-%20Summary%20of%20the%20status%20year%202014.pdf|title=Environmental Report for Danish electricity and CHP – Summary of the status year 2014, Energinet.DK))</ref><ref name=":0">((Cite web|url=http://osp.energinet.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Engelske%20dokumenter/Klimaogmiljo/Environmental%20Report%202008.pdf|title=Environmental Report 2008, Energinet.DK))
</ref><ref name=":2">((Cite web|url=http://osp.energinet.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Engelske%20dokumenter/Klimaogmiljo/Environmental%20report%202009.pdf|title=Environmental Report 2009, Energinet.DK))
</ref><ref name=":3">((Cite web|url=http://osp.energinet.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Engelske%20dokumenter/Klimaogmiljo/Environmental%20report%202010.pdf|title=Environmental Report for Danish electricity and CHP – Summary of the status year 2010, Energinet.DK))</ref><ref name=":4">((Cite web|url=http://osp.energinet.dk/SiteCollectionDocuments/Engelske%20dokumenter/Klimaogmiljo/Environmental%20report%20for%20Danish%20electricity%20and%20CHP%20-%20summary%20of%20the%20status%20year%202012.pdf|title=Environmental Report for Danish electricity and CHP – Summary of the status year 2012, Energinet.DK))</ref><ref name="2018 report" />
|
!Total electricity generation*
!Land based wind turbines
!Offshore wind turbines
!Photovoltaics
!Hydropower**
!Biofuels
!Waste
!Thermal generation from RE fuels***
!Total renewable generation
!% of National generation
|-
|'''2007'''
|37,024
|5,800
|1,370
|
|''30''
|1,936
|1,570
|3,192
|10,392
|'''28.1%'''
|-
|'''2008'''
|34,649
|5,453
|1,524
|
|''27''
|1,920
|1,672
|3,257
|10,261
|'''29.6%'''
|-
|'''2009'''
|34,290
|5,046
|1,664
|
|''20''
|2,117
|1,551
|3,029
|9,759
|'''28.5%'''
|-
|'''2010'''
|36,618
|5,122
|2,686
|
|''21''
|3,313
|1,467
|4,176
|12,005
|'''32.8%'''
|-
|'''2011'''
|33,210
|6,360
|3,405
|
|''18''
|3,025
|1,502
|3,851
|13,634
|'''41.1%'''
|-
|'''2012'''
|29,025
|6,796
|3,472
|104
|''18''
|3,143
|1,440
|3,935
|14,325
|'''49.4%'''
|-
|'''2013'''
|32,956
|6,772
|4,351
|518
|15
|3,220
|1,411
|3,996
|15,652
|'''47.5%'''
|-
|'''2014'''
|30,615
|7,913
|5,165
|597
|16
|3,078
|1,441
|3,871
|17,562
|'''57.4%'''
|-
|'''2015'''
|27,704
|9,300
|4,833
|605
|19
|2,998
|1,438
|3,789
|18,545
|'''66.9%'''
|-
|'''2016'''
|28,930
|8,132
|4,650
|744
|19
|3,508
|1,377
|4,266
|17,811
|'''61.6%'''
|-
|'''2017'''
|29,453
|9,597
|5,180
|789
|18
|4,711
|1,360
|5,455
|21,043
|'''71.4%'''
|}
<nowiki>*</nowiki>   excludes internal consumption by plant. <nowiki>**</nowiki>  figures in italics include photovoltaics. <nowiki>***</nowiki> includes biofuels and biodegrable fraction of waste.
{| style="margin-right: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;" class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
!'''RE terminology'''
|-
|In other countries

See: [[List of renewable energy topics by country|Renewable energy by country]]

|-
|'''Installed capacity:'''
The maximum power that can be generated under ideal

conditions when a plant is supplied with wind, sun or fuel.

1&nbsp;kW     = App. power of a 1 bar electric fire.

1 MW   = 1000&nbsp;kW

1 GW   = 1000 MW

1 TW    = 1000 GW

W<sub>e</sub> is watt of electricity, W<sub>th</sub> is watt of thermal (heat).

'''Electricity used / produced:'''

10 kWh       =   1&nbsp;kW x 10 hours

or                  2&nbsp;kW x 5 hours

100 GWh  = 100GW x 1 hour

or                 25GW x 4 hours

'''How many households does 1MW of'''

'''wind / solar provide electricity for?'''

<u>1 Onshore wind turbine rated 2.2 MW</u>

1,202  households (EU)*

App. 546 households per 1 MW, (546,000 per GW)

<u>1 Offshore wind turbine rated 3.6 MW</u>

3,312 households (EU) *

App.  920 households per 1MW, (920,000 per GW)

<u>5MW Solar PV power </u>

1515 households (UK)**

App. 303 households per 1MW, (303,000 per GW)

''Sources: *[http://www.ewea.org/fileadmin/files/library/publications/statistics/Factsheets.pdf Emea.org]   **[http://www.solar-trade.org.uk/solar-farms/ Solar Trade Organisation] 
|}

((Image frame|width=450|align=right|pos=bottom
 | content=<div style="padding-top: 12px;">'''Percentage of Danish electricity supply provided by renewable sources 1990-2021.'''</div> <div style="margin: 10px 5px -40px -30px; font-size: 80%;">(( #invoke:Chart
 | bar-chart   | width = 450   | height = 300 | group 1 = 2.6 : 15.9: 34.8 : 68.0 : 71.9   | colors = #211873    | group names =   | units suffix = _%   | x legends = 1990 : 2000 : 2010 : 2020 : 2021 ))</div>|caption=Share of total domestic electricity supply, 1990-2021.<ref>((cite web |title=Danish Energy Agency Energy Statistics Figures 2021 |url=https://ens.dk/en/our-services/statistics-data-key-figures-and-energy-maps/annual-and-monthly-statistics))</ref>))

The table above shows the proportion of total Danish electricity generated by renewables rose between 2007 and 2017 from 28.1% to 71.4%. Total renewable electricity generation grew from 10.4 TWh in 2007 to 21.0 TWh by 2017. Between 2007 and 2014 most of the growth in RE electricity generation was the result of growing wind power generation (accounting for +56.9% of total generation growth), thermal generation from RE fuels added an additional 6.5%, Solar power has also made an impact as a new power source of an additional 597 GWh (5.7%) since 2012.

=== Fossil fuel reduction  ===
[[File:_Net_electricity_generation_from_renewable_and_fossil_fuel_sources_in_Denmark.png|right|459x459px|thumb|Net electricity generation from renewable and fossil fuel sources in Denmark]]
Renewable energy generation in Denmark increased from 10.4 TWh to 17.6 TWh between 2007 and 2014.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Fossil fuel generation fell from 26.3 TWh in 2007 to 12.4 TWh in 2014.<ref name=":5"/><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> Electricity generated from renewables first exceeded electricity from fossil fuels in 2012 and again in 2014.

Coal power, for example, has fallen from 90% of Danish electricity generation in 1990 to 42% in 2005 and 10% in 2020.<ref>((cite web|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/share-electricity-coal?tab=chart&region=Europe&country=~DNK|title=Share of electricity production from coal - Denmark|page=|author=|publisher=Our World in Data|date=2023|access-date=2023-07-17))</ref> Current (2023) plans anticipate a complete phase out of coal from the electricity and heat sectors by 2030.<ref>((cite web|url=https://www.global-climatescope.org/markets/dk/|title=Denmark|page=|author=|publisher=ClimateScope|date=2023|access-date=2023-07-17))</ref>

=== Forecasts ===
The [[International Energy Agency]]'s (IEA) Renewables 2022 forecast indicates that Denmark's renewable electricity capacity could nearly double, reaching 7 gigawatts (GW) by 2027, mainly driven by utility-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) projects financed via merchant revenues and bilateral contracts, alongside onshore wind expansion through repowering facilitated by auctions or corporate [[Power purchase agreement|Power Purchase Agreements]] (PPAs). The report highlights the possibility of a 25% increase to nearly 10 GW with additional investment in subsidy-free PV projects and active market participation. Streamlining the permitting process and accelerating project commissioning are expected to contribute an extra 2 GW from solar and wind sources.<ref name=":13">((Cite web |date=2023-12-05 |title=Denmark 2023 – Analysis |url=https://www.iea.org/reports/denmark-2023 |access-date=2024-04-02 |website=IEA |language=en-GB))</ref><ref name=":10">((Cite web |date=December 2023 |title=Denmark 2023 Energy Policy Review |url=https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/9af8f6a2-31e7-4136-94a6-fe3aa518ec7d/Denmark_2023.pdf |website=International Energy Agency (IEA)))</ref>

== Heating and cooling sector ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Renewable energy use in the heating sector, 2014<ref name=":12" />
!Source
!Tj/year
!Estimated share of total sector (all sources)
|-
| align="left" |Biomass
|99,082
|35.33%
|-
|&mdash; solid biomass
|''96,075''
|''-34.26%''
|-
|&mdash; biogas
|''2,320''
|''-2.15%''
|-
|&mdash; bio liquids
|''686''
|''-0.24%''
|-
| align="left" |RE from heat pumps
|7,294
|2.60%
|-
| align="left" |Solar
|1,224
|0.44%
|-
| align="left" |Geothermal
|83
|0.03%
|-
| align="left" | '''Total'''
| '''107,683'''
| '''38.40%'''
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Renewable Share of heating and cooling sector<ref name=":12" />
!
!2009
!2010
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
|'''Share of sector'''
|29.4%
|30.4%
|31.9%
|33.2%
|34.7%
|38.0%
|39.5%
|41.1%
|44.1%
|45.0%
|47.3%
|51.1%
|}

According to the energy [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports Progress Reports] submitted by EU member states (as well as Norway and Iceland) to the European Commission, by 2014 renewable energy provided 38.4% of the energy consumed in the heating sector.<ref name=":12">((Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports|title=European Commission, Energy, Progress Reports.))</ref> RE in the heating sector is overwhelmingly provided by biomass, including straw, wood, [[Pyrolysis oil|bio-oil]] and biodegradable waste producing about 35% of the sector's total consumption.  The next largest share was provided by [[heat pump]]s at around 2.6% of the total. [[Solar thermal energy|Solar thermal]] produced just under a half percentage share whilst geothermal heat produced a trace contribution. Renewable energy in the heating sector consists of sources consumed independently as well as their contribution to district heating networks. In 2008 about 40% of households gross final energy consumption for domestic heating came from district heating and 65% of consumption for the heating of commercial and public sector buildings.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.ens.dk/en/info/facts-figures/energy-statistics-indicators-energy-efficiency/annual-energy-statistics|title=Danish Energy Agency, Energy Statistics 2008))</ref> By 2013 the figure for households using district heating had grown to 60%.

In 2014 combined heat and power plants produced 68.7% of the heat for district heating networks in Denmark (as well as 61% of electricity power produced by thermal plants). In the same year biomass, waste and [[biogas]] provided the fuel for 18.3%, 20.8% and 0.9% of heat produced in CHP plants, in heat only plants the figures were 13.1%, 2% and 0.3% respectively whilst bio oil provided 0.6% of heat.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/info/tal-kort/statistik-noegletal/aarlig-energistatistik/energystatistics2014.pdf|title=Danish Energy Agency, Energy Statistics 2014 |page=15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160518160026/https://ens.dk/sites/ens.dk/files/info/tal-kort/statistik-noegletal/aarlig-energistatistik/energystatistics2014.pdf |archive-date=18 May 2016 |url-status=dead))</ref> Solar thermal, heat pumps and electric boilers also provided heat only plants with 0.6% and 0.4% of their production.

The 2009 NREAP<ref name=":11">((Cite web|url=https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans|title=European Commission, Energy, National Action Plans.))</ref> report identified new and ongoing ways to promote the use of renewable energy in the heating and cooling sector and amongst these included the following. Tax exemption for RE heating and cooling producers. Building regulations and information initiatives were identified to increase energy efficiency across targeted at both the building sector and consumers both public and private. Regulations governing the energy efficient cooling of buildings under local authority control has been in place since 2008.  A scrappage scheme for those using oil fired boilers to run central heating was planned for March 2010 to reduce ((CO2)) output and increase the take up of district heating and RE installations. Building regulations were in force to promote energy savings.

== Transport sector ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+Renewable energy use in the Transport sector, 2014<ref name=":12" />
!Source
!Tj/year
!Estimated share of total
sector (all sources).
|-
|Biodiesel
| align="right" |7,063
| align="right" |4.17%
|-
|Bioethanol
| align="right" |1,872
| align="right" |1.10%
|-
|Renewable electricity
| align="right" |673
| align="right" |0.40%
|-
|Hydrogen
| align="right" |0
| align="right" |0.00%
|-
| '''Total'''
| align="right" | '''9,608'''
| align="right" |'''5.67%'''
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Renewable energy share of transport sector<ref name=":12" />
!
!2009
!2010
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
|'''Share of sector'''
|0.7%
|1.1%
|3.6%
|6.3%
|6.5%
|6.6%
|6.4%
|6.7%
|6.9%
|6.9%
|7.1%
|9.6%
|}

In 2014 renewable energy provided 5.67% of total final energy consumption in the transport sector. The largest source was from [[biodiesel]] followed some by [[BioEthanol for Sustainable Transport|bioethanol]]. Renewable electricity also made a contribution to the sector but this was smaller in 2014 than those from biofuels.
In 2008 the government's “Green Transport” proposal announced that the upward trend in ((CO2)) emissions from transport must be halted. The political agreement “A Green Transport Policy” proposed measures to reduce emissions including the strengthening of public transport and encouraging greater utilisation and efficiency of existing vehicles. Preparations were made for a greener approach to vehicle taxation, including tax exemption for electric vehicles up to 2015. The Ministry for Transport also established the “Centre for Green Transport” to carry out research into energy efficient transport solutions. The EDTTP act was also cited as having established the Energy Technology Development and Demonstration Programme to research into solutions including biofuels and intelligent electricity.

According to the 2009 NREAP<ref name=":11" /> report biofuels were expected to provide the main source of RE in the transport sector rising from ((convert|1.3|PJ|TWh)) in 2010 to ((convert|10.9|PJ|TWh)) in 2020. Renewable electricity was expected to make up the minor share rising from ((convert|0.5|to|1.2|PJ|TWh|abbr=on)) over the period for use in electric vehicles and trains.

[[Electric car use by country|Total electric vehicle sales in Denmark]] in 2015 were 4,762 units representing 2.29% of total car sales,<ref>((Cite web|url=http://ev-sales.blogspot.co.uk/2016/01/denmark-december-2015.html|title=EV Sales: Denmark December 2015|website=ev-sales.blogspot.co.uk|access-date=2016-06-13))</ref> with the [[Tesla Model S|TESLA model S]] having a surge of sales at 2,736 units in a rush to beat tax exemptions.

The Agreement on Green Road Transport, enacted on December 4, 2020, reflects Denmark's strategy to increase eco-friendly vehicle adoption, with a goal of 775,000 zero and low-emission vehicles by 2030. This policy is expected to reduce [[carbon emissions]] by 1 million tonnes by 2025 and 2.1 million tonnes by 2030, aiming to shift a third of the nation's vehicle fleet to greener options. In 2021, Denmark supported enhancements in transport infrastructure, specifically expanding [[electric vehicle]] (EV) charging and renewable fuel stations. The 2022 green tax reform is designed to align non-road transport energy taxes with CO2 emissions, effective from 2025. Furthermore, the Coalition Agreement of 2022 reaffirms Denmark's commitment to green transport, focusing on revised electric vehicle rollout plans, promoting zero-emission vehicle adoption, establishing a fossil-free domestic flight route by 2025, aiming for complete domestic aviation [[decarbonization]] by 2030 with the support of a passenger tax, and accelerating the green transition in the heavy-duty transport, maritime transport, and aviation sectors.<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":10" />

== Sources ==

=== Wind ===
[[File:Windmills 4890293313.jpg|thumb|400x400px]]
((Main|Wind power in Denmark))
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right"
|+Wind power net electricity generation 2007-2017 (GWh) <ref name=":5" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /><ref name="2018 report">((cite web |url=https://en.energinet.dk/About-our-reports/Reports/Environmental-Report-2018| title= Energinet.dk / 2018 environmental report.))</ref>
|
!Land based wind turbines
!Offshore wind turbines
!Total wind power
|-
|'''2007'''
|5,800
|1,370
|'''7,170'''
|-
|'''2008'''
|5,453
|1,524
|'''6,977'''
|-
|'''2009'''
|5,046
|1,664
|'''6,710'''
|-
|'''2010'''
|5,122
|2,686
|'''7,808'''
|-
|'''2011'''
|6,360
|3,405
|'''9,765'''
|-
|'''2012'''
|6,796
|3,472
|'''10,268'''
|-
|'''2013'''
|6,772
|4,351
|'''11,123'''
|-
|'''2014'''
|7,913
|5,165
|'''13,078'''
|-
|'''2015'''
|9,300
|4,833
|'''14,133'''
|-
|'''2016'''
|8,132
|4,650
|'''12,782'''
|-
|'''2017'''
|9,597
|5,180
|'''14,777'''
|}((Image frame|width=280|align=right|pos=bottom|content=<div style="padding-top: 12px;">'''Wind power net electricity generation (GWh) 2007-2017'''</div> <div style="margin: 10px 20px -40px -50px; font-size: 80%;">(( #invoke:Chart | bar-chart   | width = 320   | height = 300 | group 1 = 7170 : 6977: 6710 : 7808 : 9765 : 10268: 11123 : 13078 : 14133 : 12782 : 14777   | colors = #66CCFF       | group names =   | units suffix = _MW   | x legends = 07 : 08 : 09 : 10 : 11 : 12 : 13 : 14 : 15 : 16 : 17   ))</div>|caption=Wind power net electricity generation 2007-2017<ref name="Danish renewable electricity">((cite web |url=http://www.energinet.dk/EN/KLIMA-OG-MILJOE/Miljoerapportering/Tidligere-aars-miljoerapporter/Sider/default.aspx| title= Energinet.dk / Previous environmental reports.))</ref><ref name="2018 report" />))Electricity generated by wind power in Denmark rose from 7.2 TWh in 2007 to 13.1 GwH in 2014. Offshore wind power has been growing in importance, rising from 19.1% of total wind production in 2007 to 34.5% of production by 2014. Denmark was the world's leading windpower country in 2014 by percentage of demand coverage at 39% of Danish electricity consumption.<ref name=":8">((Cite web|url=http://energinet.dk/EN/KLIMA-OG-MILJOE/Miljoerapportering/VE-produktion/Sider/Vind.aspx|title=Wind power|website=energinet.dk|access-date=2016-05-14))</ref>

Ambitious plans for future development include increasing production from the 13.1 TWh produced in 2014 to 23.3 TWh by 2024, which would raise demand coverage from 39% to 61% over the period.<ref name=":8" /> Offshore and nearshore windpower is expected to grow quicker than land based wind power to reach almost parity with land based production by 2024 (49%).<ref name=":8" />

Denmark often produces more electricity from windpower than the entire country requires and will export it for sale or for storage in hydroelectric dams in Norway and Sweden. Occasionally electricity prices turn negative for producers when there is a glut of electricity production and lack of demand abroad as well. One result of this has been the growth of electric boilers being installed in district heating plants.<ref>((Cite web|url=http://www.e-pages.dk/energinet/126/|title=Wind power to combat climate change|website=www.e-pages.dk|access-date=2016-05-14))</ref> When there is an excess of electricity the plants can use cheap electricity to heat the hot water instead of finite bio or fossil fuels. As wind production rises the problem of too much electricity being generated will also give rise to new challenges and solutions. Electric heating and cooling can also be used in the form of more efficient [[heat pump]]s to mop up excess electricity supply. The electricity sector will in effect expand into the heating and cooling sector to displace current energy sources.

By 2022, Denmark had achieved an installed [[offshore wind energy]] capacity of 2.3 GW and plans to raise this to a minimum of 9 GW, with a possibility of reaching up to 14 GW by 2030. A 2023 IEA report identifies Denmark as the global leader in installing offshore wind parks and [[Energy islands of Denmark|energy islands]].<ref name=":13" /><ref name=":10" />

=== Renewable thermal ===
((Image frame|width=280|align=right|pos=bottom|content=<div style="padding-top: 12px;">'''Renewable thermal net electricity generation (GWh) 2007-2014.'''</div> <div style="margin: 10px 20px -40px -50px; font-size: 80%;">(( #invoke:Chart | bar-chart   | width = 320   | height = 300 | group 1 = 3192 : 3257: 3029 : 4176 : 3851 : 3935: 3996 : 3871   | colors = #009a39       | group names =   | units suffix = _MW   | x legends = 2007 : 2008 : 2009 : 2010 : 2011 :  2012  : 2013 : 2014   ))</div>|caption= Renewable thermal net electricity generation 2007-2014.<ref name="Danish renewable electricity">((cite web |url=http://www.energinet.dk/EN/KLIMA-OG-MILJOE/Miljoerapportering/Tidligere-aars-miljoerapporter/Sider/default.aspx| title= Energinet.dk / Previous environmental reports.))</ref>))RE thermal generation includes electricity generated from biofuels and electricity generated from the fraction of waste that is [[Biodegradation|biodegradable]]. Since 2010 RE thermal generation in Denmark has accounted for approximately 4 TWh per year.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />

Biofuels also play an increasingly important part in district heating. The proportion of heat generated by [[biofuel]]s has been rising since the 1980s and by 2013 close to 45% of district heat was produced by renewables.<ref name=":6" /> A rough calculation of the 60% of households provided with district heat would imply that renewable fuels provide just over a quarter of Denmark's heating and hot water needs in that year.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right"
|+Renewable thermal generation by source  2009-2014 (GWh)<ref name=":103">((Cite web|url= http://www.energinet.dk/EN/KLIMA-OG-MILJOE/Miljoerapportering/VE-produktion/Sider/default.aspx |title=Energinet.dk / Climate and Environment / Environmental reporting / RE generation))</ref>
!
!2009
!2010
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
|-
|align="left"|'''RE generation from waste'''
|912
|863
|825
|792
|776
|792
|-
|align="left"|'''Biogas'''
|340
|355
|350
|373
|408
|447
|-
|align="left"|'''Biomass'''
|1,777
|2,958
|2,680
|2,771
|2,812
|2,631
|-
|align="left"|'''Total renewable thermal'''
|3,029
|4,176
|3,855
|3,936
|3,996
|3,870
|}
'''RE generation from waste'''

RE generation from waste reduced a little over the period to 792 GWh in 2014, the reduction being due to less availability of waste and the reduced proportion of waste being classified as renewable energy in 2011. Overall about 2.6% of national electricity was generated by RE generation from waste.<ref name=":103"/> Denmark incinerates close to 3 million tonnes of waste each year to produce electricity and heat, most of it is produced domestically with a smaller share imported from abroad. There are 28 waste incineration plants in the country. The waste powered CHP plants may also co burn additional fossil fuels, including oil and natural gas, but increasingly biomass is used to improve the performance of waste energy production. Only the carbon neutral biodegradable part of waste is classified as renewable energy generation which was defined as 55 percent of total waste from 2011 (in 2009 it was 58.8 percent).<ref name=":103"/> Total waste provided 20 percent of district heating generation and between 4 and 5 percent of electricity generation in the country.<ref name=":9" /> Energy production from waste over the next ten years is expected to remain at similar levels, new pre treatments of waste may however be developed.

'''Biogas'''

Biogas generation has been rising steadily from a low base and reached 447 GWh of electricity production in 2014 contributing about 1.5% of Denmark's electricity. Approximately 75% of biogas generating plants are 3 MW or smaller in size which numbered approximately 120 plants in 2015.<ref name=":103"/> A further 15 larger CHP plants account for the remaining approximately 25% of biogas consumption and co-fire biogas, mostly with natural gas. The largest source of [[Biogas]] is from manure, other sources include water treatment plants and landfill sites. Many of the smaller plants are located on farms and or other sources of biogas. Smaller biogas plants tend not to contribute heat to district heating networks. Denmark intends to increase production and use of biogas from ((convert|4|PJ|TWh)) consumption in 2015 to ((convert|17|PJ|TWh)) by 2020 with the goal of using 50% of manure in the country.<ref name=":103"/> Most of the new biogas is likely to be injected directly<!--CO2 content?--> into the gas system and used for industry and transport. From 2019 to 2021, biogas contribution of gas consumption increased from 10% to 20%.<ref>((cite web |title=Biogas via gasnettet |url=https://energinet.dk/Gas/Biogas |website=energinet.dk |language=da))</ref>

'''Biomass'''

[[Biomass]] provides the largest share of renewable energy in Denmark when considering the electricity sector, heating and cooling sector and transport sector combined. The fuel contributed to approximately 8.6% of total electricity generation in Denmark generating 2.6 TWh of electricity in 2014.<ref name=":103"/> Total consumption of biomass amounted to ((convert|107|PJ|TWh)) in 2013.<ref name=":103"/> There were 39 CHP plants using biomass as a fuel in 2014 consuming approximately 2.7 million tonnes to produce heat and power, corresponding to ((convert|40.9|PJ|TWh)) consumption in that year.<ref name=":103"/> Biomass is sometimes co-fired with other fuels including a small percentage that is co-fired with waste. Around 40% of the biomass used in Denmark is imported including the majority of [[Pellet fuel|wood pellets.]]((Image frame|width=280|align=right|pos=bottom|content=<div style="padding-top: 12px;">''' Solar power net electricity generation (GwH) 2012-2014.'''</div> <div style="margin: 10px 20px -40px -50px; font-size: 80%;">(( #invoke:Chart | bar-chart   | width = 320  | height = 300 | group 1 = 104 : 518: 597  | colors = #FFFF57        | group names =   | units suffix = _GWh  | x legends =  2012  : 2013 : 2014   ))</div>|caption= Solar power net electricity generation (GwH) 2012-2014.<ref name="Danish renewable electricity">((cite web |url=http://www.energinet.dk/EN/KLIMA-OG-MILJOE/Miljoerapportering/Tidligere-aars-miljoerapporter/Sider/default.aspx| title= Energinet.dk / Previous environmental reports.))</ref>))
{| class="wikitable"
|+Biomass by Source, 2013<ref name=":103"/>
!Biomass Source
!Percentage share
|-
|Wood pellets
| align="right" |33%
|-
|Firewood
| align="right" |21%
|-
|Straw
| align="right" |20%
|-
|Wood chips
| align="right" |17%
|-
|Wood waste
| align="right" |9%
|}Electricity generated from biomass increased dramatically in 2010 following in increased share in its use in a number of power plants. Between 2009 and 2014 production of power increased by around 50%. By 2024 biomass is expected to double the percentage of renewable energy share from 15% to 30% of renewable electricity production in Denmark.<ref name=":103"/> Total consumption of Biomass is expected to rise to ((convert|115|PJ|TWh)) by 2024. A number of power stations are being converted from using coal to using wood pellets as a fuel. Some smaller CHP plants are converting from using natural gas to biomass.

=== Solar ===
((main|Solar power in Denmark))
Solar power is 2,339 MW grid connected by mid-2022,<ref>((cite web |last1=Hildebrandt |first1=Sybille |title=Nettilslutning af solceller er steget med 20 procent ((!)) GridTech (PRO) |url=https://pro.ing.dk/gridtech/artikel/nettilslutning-af-solceller-er-steget-med-20-procent |website=pro.ing.dk |publisher=[[Ingeniøren]] |language=da |date=20 September 2022))</ref> a relatively recent arrival in Denmark. Significant generation first occurred in 2012 with 104 GWh of electricity generation. By 2014 this had risen to 597 GWh.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":4" /> The large increase in solar deployment in 2012 was aided by incentives including tax credits and net settlement for produced power. In response to a dramatic rise in solar installations during that year the incentives were revised downwards for 2013 and a smaller rise occurred during that year. Smaller solar installations predominate with 73% of PV cell capacity being less than 6&nbsp;kW by the end of 2014,<ref name=":9">((Cite web|url=http://energinet.dk/EN/KLIMA-OG-MILJOE/Miljoerapportering/VE-produktion/Sider/Sol.aspx |title=Energinet.dk / Climate and Environment / Solar Power))</ref> a sign that incentives have largely benefitted households. Installed capacity of [[Photovoltaic system|Solar PV]] was predicted to rise to 1,140 MW by 2024 and provide an estimated 3% of electricity consumption in Denmark,<ref name=":9" /> but the rapid decrease in cost resulted in passing that number several years earlier. By 2022, several large solar parks were being built without subsidy.

== Targets and progress ==

=== Targets ===
{| style="text-align: right" class="wikitable"
|+Renewable energy targets and projected consumption (PJ) 2005–2020, NREAP.<ref name=":11" />
!
!2005
!2010
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
| align="left" |Heating and cooling renewable sources.
|78
|104
|107
|108
|118
|118
|120
|121
|121
|122
|126
|127
|-
| align="left" |Heating and cooling total sector.
|338
|337
|336
|336
|335
|335
|332
|329
|326
|324
|322
|320
|-
| align="left" |'''Heating and cooling (%) renewable.'''
|'''23.2%'''
|'''30.8%'''
|'''31.8%'''
|'''32.1%'''
|'''35.2%'''
|'''35.3%'''
|'''36.0%'''
|'''36.7%'''
|'''37.2%'''
|'''37.7%'''
|'''39.3%'''
|'''39.8%'''
|-
| align="left" |Electricity renewable  sources.
|36
|45
|49
|50
|62
|61
|62
|64
|66
|67
|70
|71
|-
| align="left" |Electricity total sector.
|133
|130
|131
|132
|133
|135
|135
|136
|135
|135
|136
|136
|-
| align="left" |'''Electricity (%) renewable.'''
|'''26.8%'''
|'''34.3%'''
|'''37.1%'''
|'''38.0%'''
|'''46.2%'''
|'''45.5%'''
|'''45.7%'''
|'''47.2%'''
|'''48.6%'''
|'''49.7%'''
|'''51.8%'''
|'''51.9%'''
|-
| align="left" |Total transport (excl. electricity) renewable sources.
|0
|2
|6
|5
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|12
|12
|12
|-
| align="left" |Total transport (excl. electricity) all sources.
|219
|217
|221
|226
|226
|227
|227
|229
|229
|230
|231
|231
|-
| align="left" |Transport consumption adjusted.*
|174
|175
|179
|183
|182
|182
|182
|182
|182
|182
|182
|181
|-
| align="left" |'''Transport (%) renewable.'''
|'''0.2%'''
|'''1.0%'''
|'''3.5%'''
|'''5.9%'''
|'''6.0%'''
|'''6.0%'''
|'''6.7%'''
|'''7.3%'''
|'''7.9%'''
|'''8.6%'''
|'''9.4%'''
|'''10.1%'''
|-
| align="left" |Expected total renewable energy consumption.
|114
|150
|161
|168
|190
|189
|192
|195
|198
|200
|207
|209
|-
| align="left" |'''Overall renewable energy share (all sectors).'''
|'''16.5%'''
|'''21.9%'''
|'''19.2%'''
|'''19.2%'''
|'''20.5%'''
|'''20.5%'''
|'''22.6%'''
|'''22.6%'''
|'''25.3%'''
|'''25.3%'''
|'''30.1%'''
|'''30.0%'''
|}*Transport consumption as defined in Article 3 (4) (a) of Directive 2009/28/EC, renewable electricity in motor transport counts 2.5 x value.

The table above shows the expected trajectory for shares of renewable energy in the three sectors as well as the overall target trajectory. Overall between 2005 and 2020 renewable energy sources are expected to rise from 16.5% to 30% of total energy use.

=== Progress ===
{| style="text-align: right" class="wikitable"
|+Renewable energy results and consumption (PJ) 2005–2020, Progress Report.<ref name=":12" />
!
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
|-
| align="left" |Heating and cooling renewable sources.
|109
|108
|122
|132
|149
|155
|-
| align="left" |'''Heating and cooling (%) renewable.'''
|'''35.5%'''
|'''38.4%'''
|'''40.1%'''
|'''41.7%'''
|'''46.7%'''
|'''48.6%'''
|-
| align="left" |Electricity renewable sources.
|55.6
|61.1
|63.8
|68.0
|76.5
|79.8
|-
| align="left" |'''Electricity (%) renewable.'''
|'''43.1%'''
|'''48.5%'''
|'''51.3%'''
|'''53.7%'''
|'''60.3%'''
|'''62.8%'''
|-
| align="left" |Total transport (excl. electricity) renewable sources.
|9.3
|9.6
|10.3
|10.6
|9.9
|9.9
|-
| align="left" |'''Transport (%) renewable.'''
|'''5.6%'''
|'''5.7%'''
|'''6.7%'''
|'''6.8%'''
|'''6.6%'''
|'''6.6%'''
|-
| align="left" |Gross total renewable energy consumption.
|174
|178
|196
|210
|235
|245
|-
| align="left" |'''Overall renewable energy share (all sectors).'''
|'''26.7%'''
|'''28.4%'''
|'''31.0%'''
|'''32.2%'''
|'''35.4%'''
|'''36.7%'''
|}
The above table shows the actual overall and by sector renewable energy consumption achieved (PJ) in the years 2013-2016 as outlined in Denmark's NREAP progress report.<ref name=":12" /> Overall Denmark is running well ahead of its predicted trajectory, having achieved its 2020 total goal in 2015. For 2016, while heating and cooling and electricity sectors met the expected trajectory targets, the transport sector fell short of its target.

== See also ==
((Portal|Denmark|Energy|Renewable energy))
* [[Wind power in Denmark]]          
* [[Electricity sector in Denmark]]          
* [[Solar power in Denmark]]
* [[Biofuel in Denmark]]
* [[Geothermal power in Denmark]]
* [[Energy in Denmark]]
* [[Energy policy of the European Union]]
* [[Renewable energy in Norway]]
* [[Renewable energy in Sweden]]
* [[Renewable energy in Finland]]
* [[Renewable energy in Iceland]]
* [[Renewable energy in the European Union]]
* [[List of renewable energy topics by country|Renewable energy by country]]
* [[Renewable energy commercialisation]]
* [[List of countries by renewable electricity production]]

== References ==
=== Explanatory notes ===
((notelist))

=== Citations ===
((reflist))

== External links ==
* [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/national-action-plans European Commission National Renewable Energy Action Plans]
* [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/renewable-energy/progress-reports European Commission renewable energy Progress Reports]
* [https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/topics/energy-efficiency/energy-efficiency-directive/national-energy-efficiency-action-plans European Commission National Energy Efficiency Energy Action Plans]

((Renewable energy by country))

[[Category:Renewable energy in Denmark| ]]

Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page (help):

Renewable energy in Denmark (edit)
Template:Ambox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ambox globe (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ambox globe current red (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:As of (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:CO2 (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Template:Citation needed (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite news (view source) (protected)
Template:Cite report (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Cite web (view source) (protected)
Template:Cn (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:DMCA (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Dated maintenance category (articles) (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Delink (view source) (protected)
Template:Efn (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:FULLROOTPAGENAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Fix (view source) (protected)
Template:Fix/category (view source) (protected)
Template:Gcolor (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Graph color (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Greater color contrast ratio (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Hlist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Icon (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Image frame (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Template:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Legend (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Legend/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNAME (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:MONTHNUMBER (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Main other (view source) (protected)
Template:More citations needed (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Multiple issues (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Multiple issues/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Notelist (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Template:POV (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Template:Pie chart (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Template:Pie chart/slice (view source) (extended confirmed protected)
Template:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:R/superscript (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:R/where (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Refimprove (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Reflist (view source) (protected)
Template:Reflist/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Template:Renewable energy by country (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Renewable energy by country and territory (view source) (semi-protected)
Template:Rp (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Template:SUBJECTSPACE formatted (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Short description (view source) (protected)
Template:Short description/lowercasecheck (view source) (protected)
Template:Template other (view source) (protected)
Template:Update (view source) (template editor protected)
Template:Yesno (view source) (protected)
Module:Arguments (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/blacklist (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Category handler/shared (view source) (protected)
Module:Chart (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:Chart/Default colors (view source) (semi-protected)
Module:Check for unknown parameters (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1 (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/COinS (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Date validation (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist (view source) (protected)
Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Color contrast (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Color contrast/colors (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Convert/text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:DecodeEncode (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Delink (view source) (protected)
Module:Disambiguation/templates (view source) (protected)
Module:Find sources (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/config (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/links (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Find sources/templates/Find sources mainspace (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Format link (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:GetParameters (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Hatnote list (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Icon (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Icon/data (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Infobox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Labelled list hatnote (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Message box (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/ambox.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Message box/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Namespace detect/data (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/configuration (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbar/styles.css (view source) (protected)
Module:Navbox (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/configuration (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Navbox/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Ns has subpages (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/config (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/disambiguation (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/setindex (view source) (protected)
Module:Pagetype/softredirect (view source) (protected)
Module:Plain text (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/d (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/e (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/images/r (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Portal/styles.css (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:SDcat (view source) (protected)
Module:String (view source) (protected)
Module:String2 (view source) (template editor protected)
Module:Unsubst (view source) (protected)
Module:Wikitext Parsing (view source) (protected)
Module:Yesno (view source) (protected)

Return to Renewable energy in Denmark.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy_in_Denmark"